A Personal Desktop Liquid-Metal Printer as a Pervasive Electronics Manufacturing Tool for Society in the Near Future

It has long been a dream in the electronics industry to be able to write out electronics directly, as simply as printing a picture onto paper with an offi ce printer. The fi rstever prototype of a liquid-metal printer has been invented and demonstrated by our lab, bringing this goal a key step closer. As part of a continuous endeavor, this work is dedicated to significantly extending such technology to the consumer level by making a very practical desktop liquid-metal printer for society in the near future. Through the industrial design and technical optimization of a series of key technical issues such as working reliability, printing resolution, automatic control, human-machine interface design, software, hardware, and integration between software and hardware, a high-quality personal desktop liquid-metal printer that is ready for mass production in industry was fabricated. Its basic features and important technical mechanisms are explained in this paper, along with demonstrations of several possible consumer end-uses for making functional devices such as li ght-emitting diode(LED) displays. This liquid-metal printer is an automatic, easyto-use, and low-cost personal electronics manufacturing tool with many possible applications. This paper discusses important roles that the new machine may play for a group of emerging needs. The prospective future of this cuttingedge technology is outlined, along with a comparative interpretation of several historical printing methods. This desktop liquid-metal printer is expected to become a basic electronics manufacturing tool for a wide variety of emerging practices in the academic realm, in industry, and in education as well as for individual end-users in the near future.

Machine acceleration time series prediction for dimensional accuracy of 3D printed parts

This study explores the influence of infill patterns on machine acceleration prediction in the realm of three-dimensional(3D)printing,particularly focusing on extrusion technology.Our primary objective was to develop a long short-term memory(LSTM)network capable of assessing this impact.We conducted an extensive analysis involving 12 distinct infill patterns,collecting time-series data to examine their effects on the acceleration of the printer’s bed.The LSTM network was trained using acceleration data from the adaptive cubic infill pattern,while the Archimedean chords infill pattern provided data for evaluating the network’s prediction accuracy.This involved utilizing offline time-series acceleration data as the training and testing datasets for the LSTM model.Specifically,the LSTM model was devised to predict the acceleration of a fused deposition modeling(FDM)printer using data from the adaptive cubic infill pattern.Rigorous testing yielded a root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.007144,reflecting the model’s precision.Further refinement and testing of the LSTM model were conducted using acceleration data from the Archimedean chords infill pattern,resulting in an RMSE of 0.007328.Notably,the developed LSTM model demonstrated superior performance compared to an optimized recurrent neural network(RNN)in predicting machine acceleration data.The empirical findings highlight that the adaptive cubic infill pattern considerably influences the dimensional accuracy of parts printed using FDM technology.

Color control of the multi-color printing device

Conventional color-printing systems often use inks of three hues, such as CMY, CMYK and CMYKLcLm, but in order to obtain more realistic color reproductions, the ink set of more than three hues has been adopted by some color-printing systems. It is difficult, however, to model the composed color with the multiple inks when the number of the output ink hues exceeds three due to the none-unique mapping between the color spaces of the CIE Lab and the multi-color printing device. In this paper, we propose a fine color-printing method for multi-color printing device with the ink set of more than three hues. The proposed approach has good color expression ability and provides fine control of the printed color. By dividing the output color space into several subspaces, our method allows one-to-one mapping between the standard color space and the multi-color output color space. It has been proved effective when applied to the digital inkjet printer—Mutoh8000.

Silicon-photonics-enabled chip-based 3D printer

Imagine if it were possible to create 3D objects in the palm of your hand within seconds using only a single photonic chip.Although 3D printing has revolutionized the way we create in nearly every aspect of modern society,current 3D printers rely on large and complex mechanical systems to enable layer-by-layer addition of material.This limits print speed,resolution,portability,form factor,and material complexity.Although there have been recent efforts in developing novel photocuring-based 3D printers that utilize light to transform matter from liquid resins to solid objects using advanced methods,they remain reliant on bulky and complex mechanical systems.To address these limitations,we combine the fields of silicon photonics and photochemistry to propose the first chip-based 3D printer.The proposed system consists of only a single millimeter-scale photonic chip without any moving parts that emits reconfigurable visible-light holograms up into a simple stationary resin well to enable non-mechanical 3D printing.Furthermore,we experimentally demonstrate a stereolithography-inspired proof-of-concept version of the chip-based 3D printer using a visible-light beam-steering integrated optical phased array and visible-light-curable resin,showing 3D printing using a chip-based system for the first time.This work demonstrates the first steps towards a highlycompact,portable,and low-cost solution for the next generation of 3D printers.

Application of three-dimensional printing in interventional medicine

Introduction In recent years,three-dimensional printing(3DP),an additive manufacturing process,has gained widespread clinical application,and 3DP has been considered as the third industrial revolution.1 In its early introduction in the 1980s,3DP served as a software-controlled technology that converted computer-aided-design(CAD)data into a physical object via a single process.By depositing multiple two-dimensional cross-sections one above the other,3DP can now be used to build arbitrarily complex geometries and patient-specific constructs using the patient’s imaging data.Till date,computed tomography has been the main imaging data source for 3DP owing to its excellent spatial resolution.Furthermore,current 3D printers have enabled bedside on-demand fabrication of medical products in hospitals.New materials including polymers,ceramics,biomaterials,and metals have been developed for such applications over the last few decades.Medical fields that employ 3DP technologies have also expanded,such as tissue engineering,regenerative medicine,pharmaceutics,and medical models and devices.2 The market for additive manufacturing is expected to surpass$20 billion in the global industry by the end of the 2020.3 Although the use of 3DP technology in interventional medicine is still relatively new,advancements are occurring within this discipline at a rapid rate.Different 3DP technologies,materials,and clinical applications relevant to the interventional field are discussed in this article.

Why choose 3D bioprinting?Part II:methods and bioprinters

Classification of 3D bioprinting As we mentioned in the last editorial,3D printing,also known as additive manufacturing,could be considered as the reverse process of potato cutting,automatically assembling sliced potato,shredded potato,diced potato to integrity[1].Generally speaking,cell-laden 3D bioprinting can be classified into three types:extrusion-based,droplet-based and photocuring-based bioprinting according to different printing principles.Extrusion-based bioprinting squeezes out continuous hydrogel fibers to set up structures;dropletbased bioprinting generates droplets as the basic unit for biofabrication;and photocuring-based bioprinting utilizes the characteristics of light-sensitive materials,to stack 3D models layer-by-layer.Different bioprinting approaches own diverse characteristics facing various scenarios and have specific requirements for bioinks.

Liquid phase 3D printing for quickly manufacturing conductive metal objects with low melting point alloy ink

Conventional 3D metal printings are generally time-consuming as well as lacking of high performance printable inks.From an alternative way,here we proposed the method of liquid phase 3D printing for quickly making conductive metal objects.Through introducing metal alloys whose melting point is slightly above room temperature as printing inks,several representative structures spanning from one,two and three dimension to more complex patterns were demonstrated to be quickly fabricated.Compared with the air-cooling in a conventional 3D printing,the liquid-phase-manufacturing offers a much higher cooling rate and thus significantly improves the speed in fabricating the target metal objects.This unique strategy also efficiently prevents the liquid metal inks from air oxidation,which is hard to avoid otherwise in an ordinary 3D printing.The key physical factors(such as properties of the cooling fluid,air pressure within the syringe barrel and needle diameter,types and properties of the printing ink)and several interesting intermediate fluids interaction phenomena between liquid metal and conventional cooling fluids such as water or ethanol,which evidently affecting the printing quality,were disclosed.In addition,a basic route to make future liquid phase 3D printer incorporated with both syringe pump and needle arrays was also suggested.The liquid phase 3D printing,which owns potential values not available in a conventional method,opens an efficient way for quickly making conductive metal objects in the coming time.

基于VB-PRINTER对象的动态报表打印

介绍了在VB中引用MSHFlexGrid控件、Printer对象,将显示在MSHFlexGrid控件中的动态报表打印输出的设计思想与程序源码。

基于VB-PRINTER对象的动态报表打印

介绍在VB中引用MSHFlexGrid控件、Printer对象,将显示在MSHFlexGrid控件中的动态报表打印输出的设计思想与程序源码。

FOXBASE^+打印输出时的一些问题及解决办法

讨论了使用FOXBASE^+打印输出时出现的几个问题,并提出了一些解决办法。

Emerging trends and prospects of electroconductive bioinks for cell-laden and functional 3D bioprinting

Introduction 3D bioprinting offers a unique biofabrication platform that allows the generation of functional tissue constructs in a spatially/geometrically controlled and automated manner using a 3 D printer and bioink.Bioink serves as the carrier medium that provides the ideal physico-mechanical characteristics for printability,shape fidelity,and support;and a biological microenvironment for the living cells prior to,during.

FOXBASE^＋2.10中图文共屏的实现

针对图形不能嵌入数据库这一问题，提出了实现操作系统试题库系统文本与图形自动对应的方法，能够在屏幕和打印机上实现“图文交织”的试卷。

多用户系统FOXBASE的输出打印

XENIX多用户系统上的FOXBASE较之DOS的情况具有很大的功能,目前面市的有北京计算机三厂汉化的1.0版本,但至今介绍FOXBASE多用户功能的资料很少,为此,我们根据几年来利用多用户FOXBASE的应用实践,谈谈其输出打印的方法和技巧,以供读者参考。 在当前目录中,若有Config.fx文件,请把该文件中的“spooler”一项去掉;若无config.fx文件,请将/usr/fib/foxplus/config.fx文件中的“spooler”一项去掉。这样,当进入FOXBASE后,系统默认的打印设备/文件为“1p”(这一点读者可在FOXBASET用命令“sys(6)”来查看),这是一个假脱机打印文件,具体打印情况是,当在FOXBASE中运行一个打印程序,FO-XBASE先将核程序所打印的内容送往假脱机队列目录/ust/usr/spool/lp/request/printer下,并回送一个假脱机打印队列号信息给用户,结束该打印程序,系统即在缺省的打印机pricter(该缺省打印机名可能因用户所安装的假脱机系统不同而异)上进行脱机打印。

A 3D Print Repository for Plant Phenomics

1.Introduction In recent years,3D printing has become a transformative technology for the printing of custom-designed objects outside of traditional manufacturing practices.Printer technology has improved significantly with faster printing speeds,wider choice of print materials,lower machine costs,and free and open-source software.

底板转动无支撑3D打印机的设计

打破传统的单一维度堆叠打印方法,设计多角度、多方向转动的打印平台与多点温度检测、控制系统,设计专用的切片软件将模型进行分区处理,打印无需支撑的部分,再将底板进行不同角度的旋转,使其他部分形成无支撑的新打印区域,同时增加柔性支撑部分,解决模型因重力问题导致的脱落。这种打印技术可实现所有模型的无支撑打印,为3D打印机的高效打印提供了新的发展思路。

棉织物无水数码印花喷头堵塞因素分析

棉织物数码印花使用的活性染料墨水容易造成印花机喷头堵塞,产生打印断线的问题。对活性染料墨水的表面张力、黏度、含盐量、粒径等因素进行分析,结果表明:墨水的表面张力、黏度、含盐量均不会导致印花机喷头堵塞,墨水中存在的粒径超过5μm的不溶性杂质是导致堵塞的主要原因。活性染料印花墨水经离心分离除去5μm以上的不溶性杂质后,印花机喷头无堵塞问题,打印效果良好。

大幅面三喷嘴3D打印机设计

目前,基于FDM技术的3D打印机已经得到了广泛应用,但现有的3D打印装置还存在着打印效率和表面成形精度二者不可同时提高的瓶颈问题。文中针对上述问题提出了全新的三喷嘴打印模式,采用不同直径的喷嘴分别打印不同的工件结构,设计小直径喷嘴打印工件表面用于提高表面精度,设计大直径喷嘴打印内部支撑及辅助支撑用于提高打印效率。设计并联混合传动机构,消除动力源给传动机构带来的负载问题,在确保可靠稳定运行的前提下,增大打印幅面。采用三维建模对其进行虚拟结构的设计及优化,应用静力学分析对传动机构进行可靠性验证,采用流体力学分析对挤出机构内部流体的速度场和温度场进行模拟。通过三喷嘴3D打印装置样机进行实验测试,对打印模式、打印效率、表面精度和尺寸精度等性能参数进行检测,验证所提出打印模式的可行性,实现了打印效率和表面精度的同时提高,并且还提高了打印尺寸精度和打印幅面,为大幅面高精度的3D打印技术的研究奠定了基础。

复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机研究进展

当前传统熔融沉积成型(FDM)型3D打印机基本采用单喷头结构,这导致了打印速度相对较低和打印材料单一的问题,进而限制了其进一步应用。复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机可以实现多材料复杂模型的3D打印,有效弥补了传统单喷头FDM型3D打印机在打印材料和打印速度方面的不足。首先,本文结合3D打印成型理论和3D打印机喷头结构设计,对比并简要分析了复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机相对于传统单喷头3D打印机的创新之处。第二,总结了复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机的基本结构分类。第三,深入探讨了不同结构下复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机的研究进展,并针对具体应用场景详细阐述了其各自的优缺点。最后,对复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机的未来发展趋势进行了总结与展望。复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机在多材料应用、高效率打印及定制化服务方面展现了显著优势,并在新材料与新工艺的研发、机械稳定性和精度的提升,以及与人工智能技术的融合等方面仍具备广阔的发展空间,可极大促进3D打印技术的普及与应用。

基于CUPS的国产操作系统打印管控的应用研究

随着信息技术的快速发展和信息安全防护工作要求的不断提高,我国一些企事业单位正在逐步使用国产操作系统,在其上的打印管控已成为不可缺少的一部分,但目前适用于国产操作系统的打印系统尚未成熟.针对此问题,首先研究了通用Unix打印系统(common unix printing system,CUPS)原理,然后针对国产操作系统提出基于CUPS架构的打印系统,设计打印机驱动,并将设计的打印系统部署在国产操作系统中,实现了在国产中科方德操作系统上的打印管控.测试结果显示其效率高、体积小、方便快捷,具有较强的应用价值.

基于螺杆挤出颗粒料熔融层积的3D打印机研究

熔融层积成型技术(fused deposition modeling,FDM)作为一种3D打印技术,具有结构简单、操作方便、成本较低等优点。目前,FDM技术3D打印机使用标准材料线材,对线材要求较高,价格相对高。在3D打印过程中会浪费颗粒,从而影响环境。为此,文章设计了基于螺杆挤出颗粒料的3D打印机,直接采用传统颗粒料进行挤出成形,无须标准直径线材。此设计旨在降低成本、减少浪费,实现更环保的“绿色”打印。