In order to identify the day and night pollution sources of PM10 in ambient air in Longyan City,the authors analyzed the elemental composition of respirable particulate matters in the day and night ambient air samples...In order to identify the day and night pollution sources of PM10 in ambient air in Longyan City,the authors analyzed the elemental composition of respirable particulate matters in the day and night ambient air samples and various pollution sources which were collected in January 2010 in Longyan with inductivity coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）.Then chemical mass balance（CMB） model and factor analysis（FA） method were applied to comparatively study the inorganic components in the sources and receptor samples.The results of factor analysis show that the major sources were road dust,waste incineration and mixed sources which contained automobile exhaust,soil dust/secondary dust and coal dust during the daytime in Longyan City,China.There are two major sources of pollution which are soil dust and mixture sources of automobile exhaust and secondary dust during the night in Longyan.The results of CMB show that the major sources are secondary dust,automobile exhaust and road dust during the daytime in Longyan.The major sources are secondary dust,soil dust and automobile exhaust during the night in Longyan.The results of the two methods are similar to each other and the results will guide us to plan to control the PM10 pollution sources in Longyan.展开更多
Mining activities interfere with the natural groundwater chemical environment,which may lead to hydrogeochemical changes of aquifers and mine water inrush disasters.This study analyzed the hydrochemical compositions o...Mining activities interfere with the natural groundwater chemical environment,which may lead to hydrogeochemical changes of aquifers and mine water inrush disasters.This study analyzed the hydrochemical compositions of 80 water samples in three aquifers and developed a water source identification model to explore the control factors and potential hydraulic connection of groundwater chemistry in a coal mine.The results showed that the hydrochemical types of the three aquifers were different.The main hydrochemical compositions of the loose-layer,coal-bearing,and limestone aquifers were HCO_(3)·Cl-Na,SO_(4)·HCO_(3)-Na,and SO_(4)-Na·Ca,respectively.The correlation,Unmix,and factor an-alyses showed that the hydrochemical composition of groundwater was controlled by the dissolution of soluble minerals(such as calcite,dolomite,gypsum,and halite)and the weathering of silicate minerals.The factor score plot combined with Q-mode cluster analysis demon-strated no remarkable hydraulic connection among the three aquifers in the study area.The water source identification model effectively identified the source of inrush water.Moreover,the mixing ratio model rationally quantified the contributions of the three aquifers to inrush water.展开更多
To assess the quality of groundwater resources, samples were collected from 22 points for mean annual water years of 2003 and 2015 (mean minimum and maximum water table), and 19 parameters were examined and calculated...To assess the quality of groundwater resources, samples were collected from 22 points for mean annual water years of 2003 and 2015 (mean minimum and maximum water table), and 19 parameters were examined and calculated. One of the objectives of this study was to evaluate the groundwater quality of the Ghaemshahr plain which includes the study of spatial and temporal changes of groundwater quality in different sectors and factors affecting it. In this study, combining statistical methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient, factor analysis, principal component analysis, and combined diagrams with hydrochemical methods are used to assess the chemical quality of groundwater. Samples were categorized by using cluster method and then the same samples were identified. Accordingly, samples were classified in four categories which represent the quality of groundwater in different districts. Factor analysis was used to identify the factors affecting the geochemical processes of the aquifer. Statistical methods showed that they can be used to complete the conventional methods in hydro-geochemistry as well as very precise results can be achieved. Based on the obtained results, saturation index of Ghaemshahr groundwater was super-saturated;and groundwater quality control of Ghaemshahr plain is hold by processes such as dissolution of halide (salt water intrusion of Caspian Sea and brackish fossil aquifers), calcite and dolomite (dissolution of limestone, dolomite, and marl in height), weathering sodium-rich plagioclases (clay minerals), and ion exchange.展开更多
为预防和控制引水隧洞中围岩失稳事故的发生,将物元可拓法应用于围岩稳定性评价中。以滇中引水工程为背景,选取滇中引水工程某隧洞段,构建引水隧洞围岩稳定性评价指标体系,划分围岩等级,选用灰色关联分析法(Grey Relational Analysis, G...为预防和控制引水隧洞中围岩失稳事故的发生,将物元可拓法应用于围岩稳定性评价中。以滇中引水工程为背景,选取滇中引水工程某隧洞段,构建引水隧洞围岩稳定性评价指标体系,划分围岩等级,选用灰色关联分析法(Grey Relational Analysis, GRA)和因子分析法(Factor Analysis, FA)组合确定权重,基于物元可拓模型进行引水隧洞围岩稳定性评价,以期减少目前评价方法中一些不相容现象及其他问题所带来的影响,从而提升长距离特大输水工程围岩稳定性等级评价的精度。结果表明,GRA-FA-物元可拓模型围岩稳定性评价结果与实际等级基本相符,与逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, TOPSIS)相比,预测评价精度从62.5%提升到87.5%,准确性提升了约25百分点。因此,GRA-FA-物元可拓模型相较以往的评价模型可以更全面和客观地进行引水隧洞围岩稳定性评价,可为其他长距离特大引水工程施工风险评价提供理论支撑。展开更多
目的建立多指标结合化学计量学综合分析半夏天麻丸成分质量及关键指标的方法,为其质量评价提供科学依据。方法采用高效液相色谱一测多评(high performance liquid chromatography-quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-...目的建立多指标结合化学计量学综合分析半夏天麻丸成分质量及关键指标的方法,为其质量评价提供科学依据。方法采用高效液相色谱一测多评(high performance liquid chromatography-quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker,HPLC-QAMS)法建立12批半夏天麻丸11种成分含量测定方法,运用SPSS 26.0和SIMCA 14.0软件对以上指标进行聚类分析(clustering analysis,CA)、主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)及偏最小二乘-判别分析(partial least squares-discriminant analysis,PLS-DA),通过对12批产品的分析,综合评价半夏天麻丸质量及标志性成分。结果建立的11种成分含量测定方法稳定性较好。CA分析可将12批样品聚为三大类,2个主成分可代表11种成分92.142%的信息量,可用2个主成分对半夏天麻丸进行综合评价。根据PLS-DA结果分析,造成其质量差异的指标为橙皮苷、天麻素、柚皮芸香苷、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷和巴利森苷,可能是影响半夏天麻丸产品质量的差异性标志物。结论本实验首次建立了半夏天麻丸多指标成分质控方法,该方法易操作,重复性与稳定性良好;化学计量学手段也为半夏天麻丸质量控制研究提供了参考依据。展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Basic Research Program of China(No.2005CB422207)the Fund of Eco-enviromental Impacts and Protection in Devoloping and Utilizing of Oil-shale Resources(No.OSR-01-06)
文摘In order to identify the day and night pollution sources of PM10 in ambient air in Longyan City,the authors analyzed the elemental composition of respirable particulate matters in the day and night ambient air samples and various pollution sources which were collected in January 2010 in Longyan with inductivity coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）.Then chemical mass balance（CMB） model and factor analysis（FA） method were applied to comparatively study the inorganic components in the sources and receptor samples.The results of factor analysis show that the major sources were road dust,waste incineration and mixed sources which contained automobile exhaust,soil dust/secondary dust and coal dust during the daytime in Longyan City,China.There are two major sources of pollution which are soil dust and mixture sources of automobile exhaust and secondary dust during the night in Longyan.The results of CMB show that the major sources are secondary dust,automobile exhaust and road dust during the daytime in Longyan.The major sources are secondary dust,soil dust and automobile exhaust during the night in Longyan.The results of the two methods are similar to each other and the results will guide us to plan to control the PM10 pollution sources in Longyan.
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Project of Universities in Anhui Province(Grants No.KJ2020ZD64 and KJ2020A0740)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2008085MD122)+3 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.LQ20D010009)the Key Program for Outstanding Young Talents in Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province(Grant No.gxyqZD2021134)the Research Development Foundation of Suzhou University(Grant No.2021fzjj28)the Doctoral Scientific Reuter Foundation of Suzhou University(Grant No.2019jb15).
文摘Mining activities interfere with the natural groundwater chemical environment,which may lead to hydrogeochemical changes of aquifers and mine water inrush disasters.This study analyzed the hydrochemical compositions of 80 water samples in three aquifers and developed a water source identification model to explore the control factors and potential hydraulic connection of groundwater chemistry in a coal mine.The results showed that the hydrochemical types of the three aquifers were different.The main hydrochemical compositions of the loose-layer,coal-bearing,and limestone aquifers were HCO_(3)·Cl-Na,SO_(4)·HCO_(3)-Na,and SO_(4)-Na·Ca,respectively.The correlation,Unmix,and factor an-alyses showed that the hydrochemical composition of groundwater was controlled by the dissolution of soluble minerals(such as calcite,dolomite,gypsum,and halite)and the weathering of silicate minerals.The factor score plot combined with Q-mode cluster analysis demon-strated no remarkable hydraulic connection among the three aquifers in the study area.The water source identification model effectively identified the source of inrush water.Moreover,the mixing ratio model rationally quantified the contributions of the three aquifers to inrush water.
文摘To assess the quality of groundwater resources, samples were collected from 22 points for mean annual water years of 2003 and 2015 (mean minimum and maximum water table), and 19 parameters were examined and calculated. One of the objectives of this study was to evaluate the groundwater quality of the Ghaemshahr plain which includes the study of spatial and temporal changes of groundwater quality in different sectors and factors affecting it. In this study, combining statistical methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient, factor analysis, principal component analysis, and combined diagrams with hydrochemical methods are used to assess the chemical quality of groundwater. Samples were categorized by using cluster method and then the same samples were identified. Accordingly, samples were classified in four categories which represent the quality of groundwater in different districts. Factor analysis was used to identify the factors affecting the geochemical processes of the aquifer. Statistical methods showed that they can be used to complete the conventional methods in hydro-geochemistry as well as very precise results can be achieved. Based on the obtained results, saturation index of Ghaemshahr groundwater was super-saturated;and groundwater quality control of Ghaemshahr plain is hold by processes such as dissolution of halide (salt water intrusion of Caspian Sea and brackish fossil aquifers), calcite and dolomite (dissolution of limestone, dolomite, and marl in height), weathering sodium-rich plagioclases (clay minerals), and ion exchange.
文摘为预防和控制引水隧洞中围岩失稳事故的发生,将物元可拓法应用于围岩稳定性评价中。以滇中引水工程为背景,选取滇中引水工程某隧洞段,构建引水隧洞围岩稳定性评价指标体系,划分围岩等级,选用灰色关联分析法(Grey Relational Analysis, GRA)和因子分析法(Factor Analysis, FA)组合确定权重,基于物元可拓模型进行引水隧洞围岩稳定性评价,以期减少目前评价方法中一些不相容现象及其他问题所带来的影响,从而提升长距离特大输水工程围岩稳定性等级评价的精度。结果表明,GRA-FA-物元可拓模型围岩稳定性评价结果与实际等级基本相符,与逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, TOPSIS)相比,预测评价精度从62.5%提升到87.5%,准确性提升了约25百分点。因此,GRA-FA-物元可拓模型相较以往的评价模型可以更全面和客观地进行引水隧洞围岩稳定性评价,可为其他长距离特大引水工程施工风险评价提供理论支撑。
