河北省坝上地区绵羊消化道线虫对丙硫苯咪唑抗药性的检测

目的 为了查明绵羊消化道线虫对丙硫苯咪唑的抗药性。方法 应用粪便虫卵减少试验 (FECRT)对河北省坝上地区绵羊消化道线虫的抗药性进行了检测。结果 应用 5 m g/ kg丙硫苯咪唑对 5组绵羊进行驱虫的虫卵减少率分别为 4 3.9% ,38.4 6 % ,4 9.0 9% ,37.6 3%和 4 3.35 % ,驱净率分别为 2 0 % ,15 % ,15 % ,2 5 %和 10 %。结论 根据 FECRT 95 %置信域小于 90 % 。

祁连地区牦牛主要消化道线虫对阿苯达唑的抗药性检测

为了解牦牛主要消化道线虫对阿苯达唑的抗药性,采用粪便虫卵减少试验,将60头供试牛随机分为4组,每组15头。1~3组为试验组,第4组为阳性对照组。按照分组对试验牛逐头称重、编号、记录,1~3组分别按5、10、15mg/kg体重剂量经口投服阿苯达唑片剂,第4组给予安慰剂。给药前1d,给药后7d和14d各组试验牛逐头直肠采粪,采用饱和盐水漂浮法进行实验室检查,统计消化道线虫1g粪便中的虫卵数(EPG)。根据投药后7d和14d EPG的变化情况,奥斯特线虫7d的虫卵减少率为86.5%,90.4%,100%,14d的虫卵减少率为89.2%,93.8%,97.0%;马歇尔线虫7d的虫卵减少率为73.1%,96.2%,94.5%,14d的虫卵减少率为84.9%,98.0%,100%;细颈线虫7d的虫卵减少率为83.2%,90.4%,93.8%,14d的虫卵减少率为81.5%,93.3%,95.1%。结论:根据世界兽医寄生虫学促进协会(WAAVP)推荐的虫卵减少百分率95%置信域来判定虫体是否产生了抗药性,得出奥斯特线虫、细颈线虫和马歇尔线虫对阿苯达唑均未产生抗药性。

祁连地区牦牛主要消化道线虫对伊维菌素的抗药性检测

为检测祁连地区牦牛自然感染的主要消化道线虫对伊维菌素的抗药性,采用粪便虫卵减少试验,选取60头自然感染消化道线虫的试验牦牛,随机分为4组,1-3组分别按0.1 mg/kg、0.2 mg/kg、0.3mg/kg.b w剂量口服伊维菌素片剂,4组为阳性对照组。在给药前1 d、给药后7 d和14 d,检查统计给药后虫卵减少率,进行抗药性评价。结果表明:给药后7 d和14 d, 0.1 mg/kg剂量组对奥斯特线虫虫卵减少率分别为96.7%和98.1%,对马歇尔线虫、细颈线虫的虫卵减少率均为100%;0.2 mg/kg剂量组及0.3 mg/kg剂量组对奥斯特线虫、马歇尔线虫、细颈线虫的虫卵减少率均为100%。试验证明祁连地区牦牛主要消化道线虫对伊维菌素尚未产生抗药性。

Suspected Resistance against Moxidectin in Sheep Strongylid Nematodes in Austria

Loss of efficacy due to resistance development against anthelmintics in livestock parasites is a growing concern worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of moxidectin, a frequently-used macrocyclic lactone, against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in Austria. Individual faecal samples were collected from 243 adult sheep from 16 flocks in Styria and Salzburg before deworming and egg excretion （EPG （eggs per gram） of faeces） was determined using a modified McMaster technique. The animals were randomly assigned to a treatment group which received 0.2 mg/kg of body weight of moxidectin （Cydectin , Zoetis Schweiz GmbH, Zurich, Switzerland）, and an untreated control group. Fourteen days after deworming a FECRT （faecal egg count reduction test） for detection of anthelmintic resistance was performed. Before deworming, the infection rate for gastrointestinal strongylids was 94.7%, with EPG values of 0-5,800. The FECRT showed reduction rates between 93.08% and 99.78% and was sufficient in 15/16 flocks. The lower confidence interval was 70.0-100%. In 3/16 flocks this value was below the minimum for sufficient efficacy （70.0%, 79.0%, 85.0%）, and in two flocks the value （90,0%） was near the limit. These results indicated a （suspected） reduced efficacy of moxidectin in 5/16 examined flocks.