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美国颁布TikTok禁令行为的定性及应对措施的研究
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作者 于跃 《特区经济》 2024年第3期122-127,共6页
2023年3月1日,美国以危及“国家安全”为由,颁布TikTok禁令对字节跳动进行单边制裁。单边制裁有一定的国际法合法依据,但是当制裁发起国的行为超过了必要的限度,则应该认定该单边制裁行为违反了国际法。美国的做法未坚持善意原则解释和... 2023年3月1日,美国以危及“国家安全”为由,颁布TikTok禁令对字节跳动进行单边制裁。单边制裁有一定的国际法合法依据,但是当制裁发起国的行为超过了必要的限度,则应该认定该单边制裁行为违反了国际法。美国的做法未坚持善意原则解释和适用GATT21条,而且违反了国际法基本原则中的“禁止反言”原则,因此,美国对TikTok发起制裁的法律依据是站不住脚的,同时,美国的行为已经超过了单边制裁合法性的限度,违反了本国所承担的条约义务,应该认定该单边制裁行为违反了国际法。为此,我国可以通过加强与美国政府的沟通谈判、进一步完善《中华人民共和国反外国制裁法》的相关规定、在用尽当地救济的情形下实施外交保护、探索并建立我国“长臂管辖”制度应对美国此次的制裁。 展开更多
关键词 单边制裁 安全例外原则 善意原则 反制裁措施
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Faithfully probabilistic teleportation of an unknown atomic state and cavity field state with a single measurement
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作者 杨贞标 吴怀志 +2 位作者 苏万钧 钟志荣 郑仕标 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第11期3391-3395,共5页
This paper shows that, based on the single-photon JC model depicting the resonant interaction of a two-level atom with a single cavity mode, an unknown atomic state and cavity photon superposition state can be faithfu... This paper shows that, based on the single-photon JC model depicting the resonant interaction of a two-level atom with a single cavity mode, an unknown atomic state and cavity photon superposition state can be faithfully telcported with only a single measurement. The scheme is probabilistie, its success lies on the event that the sender atom (or the medi-atom, for teleportation of cavity field state) is detected in the higher state. The scheme is in contrast to the previous ones of using a maximally two-particle entangled state as quantum channel. 展开更多
关键词 faithful teleportation a single measurement cavity QED
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诚信原则在WTO法中运用的理论与实践
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作者 曹阳 《重庆理工大学学报(社会科学)》 CAS 2007年第6期91-96,共6页
WTO中诚信义务的主体包括国家、争端解决机构以及其他一些监督机构。WTO法下诚信原则的适用大致可以分为3个层次:第1层次为WTO的相关条文中明文规定的诚信原则,第2层次为WTO争端解决机构将有关条文解释为诚信原则的表达,第3层次为传统... WTO中诚信义务的主体包括国家、争端解决机构以及其他一些监督机构。WTO法下诚信原则的适用大致可以分为3个层次:第1层次为WTO的相关条文中明文规定的诚信原则,第2层次为WTO争端解决机构将有关条文解释为诚信原则的表达,第3层次为传统国际法下诚信原则所包含的概念在WTO相关条文中有所适用。WTO法下的诚信义务包括条约履行、争端解决以及履行裁决的诚信义务。WTO法的诚信义务的适用可能给各方带来利益寻租的机会,因而在适用诚信原则时必须坚持透明度、效能取向以及一致性,在衡量相关利益时采取程序取向的方法。 展开更多
关键词 Wto 诚信原则 内涵 适用
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“信”和“Faithfulness”对中西方翻译实践的影响
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作者 罗爱军 《民族翻译》 2010年第3期9-13,共5页
"信"和"faithfulness"是中西方传统翻译理论中两个有关翻译原则的重要概念。由于翻译原则以及建构其上的翻译理论对各自文化中的翻译实践有指导意义,因而具体的翻译策略和译文的社会影响就会产生不少差异,主要表现... "信"和"faithfulness"是中西方传统翻译理论中两个有关翻译原则的重要概念。由于翻译原则以及建构其上的翻译理论对各自文化中的翻译实践有指导意义,因而具体的翻译策略和译文的社会影响就会产生不少差异,主要表现在三个方面:译文形式与原文形式在考虑上的优先性、译文在目标语文化体系中的角色以及译者的社会地位。 展开更多
关键词 faithfulNESS 翻译实践 文化视角
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诚信原则在WTO争端解决机制中的适用评析
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作者 姜作利 《现代法学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2010年第1期108-119,共12页
诚信原则作为各国民法中最重要的原则,已经成为国际法中的一般法律原则,越来越频繁地应用在WTO争端解决中。由于诚信原则存在明显的不确定性,难以在实践中适用,专家组和上诉机构在诸多案例中对诚信原则的含义及其解释法律和弥补法律漏... 诚信原则作为各国民法中最重要的原则,已经成为国际法中的一般法律原则,越来越频繁地应用在WTO争端解决中。由于诚信原则存在明显的不确定性,难以在实践中适用,专家组和上诉机构在诸多案例中对诚信原则的含义及其解释法律和弥补法律漏洞的司法职能进行了确认,并成功地解决了不少争端。遗憾的是,上诉机构的司法限制制约了专家组的有益探索,过分谨慎。当前国际国内经济与法律的发展为专家组和上诉机构进行更大胆的探索准备了良好的条件,WTO争端解决机制应充分发挥诚信原则的司法职能,确立成员方诚信履行WTO实体法律的独立的义务,这将有利于弥补WTO的相关法律漏洞,迅速有效地解决争端。 展开更多
关键词 诚信原则 合法期望 举证责任 一般法律原则
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Toeplitz算子代数的忠实表示(英文)
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作者 许庆祥 《上海师范大学学报(自然科学版)》 2003年第3期1-6,共6页
设(G,G_+)为一个拟格序群,H为G_+的可传定向子集,令C_H=G_+·H^(-1),~H为相应的Toeplitz算子代数.作者刻划了~H的忠实表示。
关键词 toeputz算子代数 拟格序群 忠实表示
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Faithfulness:the Basic Standard for Chinese-English Contract Translation
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作者 黄莉 《海外英语》 2010年第11X期289-291,共3页
Contract,as a legal agreement,stipulates the obligations and rights for both the buyer and the seller,therefore the appropriateness of contract translation is highly required. This paper first demonstrates that "... Contract,as a legal agreement,stipulates the obligations and rights for both the buyer and the seller,therefore the appropriateness of contract translation is highly required. This paper first demonstrates that "faithfulness" is the basic standard for Chinese-English (thereafter shortened as C-E) contract translation. Then by using some examples to illustrate how the criteria of "faithfulness" is put into practice. 展开更多
关键词 C-E CONTRACT TRANSLATION faithfulNESS
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Upper ocean near-inertial response to 1998 Typhoon Faith in the South China Sea 被引量:15
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作者 SUN Lu ZHENG Quan'an +4 位作者 TANG Tswen-Yung CHUANG Wen-Ssn LI Li HU Jianyu WANG Dongxiao 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第2期25-32,共8页
During the South China Sea acquisition system (ATLAS) monsoon experiment (SCSMEX), three autonomous temperature line buoys with acoustic Doppler in the South China Sea to measure temperature, salinity current prof... During the South China Sea acquisition system (ATLAS) monsoon experiment (SCSMEX), three autonomous temperature line buoys with acoustic Doppler in the South China Sea to measure temperature, salinity current profiler (ADCP) were moored and current velocity. Typhoon Faith passed through about 250 km south to one of the mooring buoys located at 12~58.5~N, 114~24.5rE from December 11 to 14, 1998. The data analysis indicates that the typhoon winds induce a great increase in the kinetic energy at near-inertial frequencies with two maxima in the mixed layer and thermocline. The near-inertial oscillations were observed at the upper 270 m in the wake of Typhoon Faith. The oscillations were originally excited in the sea surface layer and propagated downward. The amplitudes of the oscillations decrease with depth except in the thermocline. The near-inertial oscillation signals are also remarkable in temperature and salinity fields. 展开更多
关键词 near-inertial oscillation Typhoon Faith mooring buoy South China Sea
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WTO国家安全例外条款的合理适用 被引量:5
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作者 李文卿 郑玲丽 《海关与经贸研究》 2021年第2期96-112,共17页
WTO安全例外条款解释的不确定性使该条款为WTO成员任意适用提供了可能性。乌克兰诉俄罗斯运输限制案中,专家组从管辖权、法律要件及法律解释三方面对安全例外条款做出了正式规制,并以国际公法上的善意原则对WTO各成员的行为进行反面限... WTO安全例外条款解释的不确定性使该条款为WTO成员任意适用提供了可能性。乌克兰诉俄罗斯运输限制案中,专家组从管辖权、法律要件及法律解释三方面对安全例外条款做出了正式规制,并以国际公法上的善意原则对WTO各成员的行为进行反面限制。结合TikTok被禁案,笔者在对国家安全概念的内涵与外延作出界定后,从言论自由和反对主权扩张两个方面,对美国以国家安全为由限制贸易的非正当性和不可行性进行论证。最后,为避免国家安全滥用、遏制贸易保护主义兴起,我国应该遵循国家安全内涵扩大化趋势,明确适用WTO国家安全例外条款的态度及立场,加大对安全例外条款的研究力度,积极援引安全例外条款审查贸易制裁的正当性,维护我国国际贸易安全。 展开更多
关键词 安全例外条款 管辖权 善意原则 国家安全 数据安全
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Multi-agent Blind Model and Its Application to Regional Eco-environmental Quality Assessment 被引量:2
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作者 LI Ruzhong 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2006年第3期249-254,共6页
Through denoting each expert as an agent and viewing a multiple criteria decision-making as a synthesis problem of aggregating experts' ratings, a multi-agent blind model (MABM) is developed for regional eco-enviro... Through denoting each expert as an agent and viewing a multiple criteria decision-making as a synthesis problem of aggregating experts' ratings, a multi-agent blind model (MABM) is developed for regional eco-environmental quality assessment. In this model, the ratings of the evaluated object under an index, given by expert group, are first utilized to construct a series of blind numbers. In general, each index will correspond to different blind numbers. On the basis of aggregating index weights, the rank score in the form of a blind number is obtained for the evaluated object. Then, by means of calculating expected value of the above blind number, its rank score is further converted into a crisp value. By way of comparing the expected value with classification standards, eco-environmental quality of the evaluated sample could he identified successfully in the end. As a case, the MABM is used to evaluate the eco-environmental quality of Chaohu Lake basin. Study result shows that the MABM is a useful model for regional eco-environmental quality assessment. 展开更多
关键词 eco-environmental quality assessment multi-agent blind model (MABM) blind number unascertained rational number faith degree
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善意原则在WTO争端解决机制中的应用 被引量:1
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作者 施卓人 《山西省政法管理干部学院学报》 2011年第4期8-10,共3页
善意原则作为国际法基本原则之一,在世界贸易组织(WTO)争端解决机制(DSB)之中具有广泛的适用性,善意解释原则是依托于"国际贸易体系的可靠性与可预期性"这一基础要求而产生的。
关键词 善意原则 可靠性与可预测性 适用原则性
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Song of praise to faith and hope: On the faith and hope in The Shawshank redemption 被引量:1
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作者 DING Xu LUO Jian-bo 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2007年第10期45-48,共4页
The Shawshank redemption tells us a story about Andy Duresne-how he is wrongly sentenced to prison for murdering his wife, moves on his life in the prison and at last wins his freedom. This story gives us encouragemen... The Shawshank redemption tells us a story about Andy Duresne-how he is wrongly sentenced to prison for murdering his wife, moves on his life in the prison and at last wins his freedom. This story gives us encouragement to fight to preserve the dignity of human beings, to appreciate the beauty of life, and the most important, to keep faith and hope forever. It is faith that redeems hope. 展开更多
关键词 The Shawshank redemption FAITH HOPE REDEEM
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The Faithful Representation of Electrical Energy Sale and Purchase Agreements Under International Accounting Standards/International Financial Reporting Standards (IAS/IFRS) 被引量:1
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作者 Massimiliano Celli 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2013年第8期1032-1045,共14页
This article aims at giving a contribution to the issue of accounting electrical energy sale and purchase agreements in accordance with the faithful representation principle. To this end, it must be ascertained whethe... This article aims at giving a contribution to the issue of accounting electrical energy sale and purchase agreements in accordance with the faithful representation principle. To this end, it must be ascertained whether electrical energy is bought/sold for an industrial use exclusively, so that the relevant transaction will be accounted as a normal purchase/sale, or through the lease of the relevant production plant, which would require the supply contract to be accounted in compliance with International Accounting Standards (IAS) 17 "Leasing". Alternatively, it must also be ascertained whether the relevant party is implementing financial trading strategies, as in such hypothesis, the supply contract is to be accounted as a financial instrument according to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 9/IAS 39 "Financial Instruments". Finally, the modalities used by a number of companies listed on European regulated markets to account such kind of contracts will be analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 capacity contracts tolling agreements electrical energy faithful representation International FinancialReporting Standards (IFRS) 9/International Accounting Standards (IAS) 39 IAS 17
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Faithfulness and Similarity in Spirit――An Appreciation of Liu Shicong's English Translation Wild Grass
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作者 宋秀文 《海外英语》 2016年第7期173-174,178,共3页
As a modern famous translator,Liu Shicong believes that literary translation should be faithful to the content of the original text and more importantly,it should convey its artistic effect,which includes the style,sp... As a modern famous translator,Liu Shicong believes that literary translation should be faithful to the content of the original text and more importantly,it should convey its artistic effect,which includes the style,spirit and verve of the original text,namely transmitting the spirit of the original text.Based upon this translation principle,the paper aims to analyze and compare his English translation Wild Grass with the source text written by Xia Yan in the aspects of being faithful to the original text and transmitting the verve of the original text,thus proving that the principles for prose translation initiated by Liu Shicong are applicable and effective. 展开更多
关键词 Wild Grass LITERARY translation being faithful to the ORIGINAL text CONVEYING the spirit of the orig
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The Translator's Subjectivity Reflected in the English Translation of "The Lane"
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作者 魏萍 《海外英语》 2011年第10X期229-230,共2页
The translator's subjectivity plays an indispensible role in the translating activity. As a senior translator, Prof. Zhang Peiji brings his subjectivity into full play in his prose translation, and the English ver... The translator's subjectivity plays an indispensible role in the translating activity. As a senior translator, Prof. Zhang Peiji brings his subjectivity into full play in his prose translation, and the English version of "The Lane" can be regarded as one of his representatives. An examination of the translator's subjectivity reflected in this version helps to better understand Prof. Zhang's art of prose translation. 展开更多
关键词 the translator’s SUBJECTIVITY PROSE translation faithfulNESS READABILITY culture
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Exploring the Importance of Faithfulness and Creation in Translation
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作者 徐虹 《海外英语》 2012年第2X期162-163,共2页
This paper discusses the importance of faithfulness and creation in translation on the basis of various theories. It argues that faithfulness should be placed first in translation, then creation.
关键词 faithfulNESS CREATION TRANSLATION
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WTO“俄罗斯——乌克兰禁运措施案”:安全例外条款问题之分析 被引量:4
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作者 李伟 《海关与经贸研究》 2019年第5期111-124,共14页
为了实现成员保护其基本安全利益的权利,同时避免安全例外的滥用,《1994年关贸总协定》第21条采用了较为模糊的用语,但却因此造成“安全例外条款”在整个WTO法律框架中的两难局面。而作为WTO首次对“安全例外条款”进行审查的案例,“俄... 为了实现成员保护其基本安全利益的权利,同时避免安全例外的滥用,《1994年关贸总协定》第21条采用了较为模糊的用语,但却因此造成“安全例外条款”在整个WTO法律框架中的两难局面。而作为WTO首次对“安全例外条款”进行审查的案例,“俄罗斯—乌克兰禁运措施案”无疑具有开创意义。 展开更多
关键词 俄罗斯—乌克兰禁运措施案 DS512 Wto安全例外条款 GATT安全例外条款 善意原则
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Assisting individuals with diabetes in the COVID-19 pandemic period:Examining the role of religious factors and faith communities
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作者 Chiedu Eseadi Osita Victor Ossai +1 位作者 Charity Neejide Onyishi Leonard Chidi Ilechukwu 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2022年第26期9180-9191,共12页
With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,diabetes management has become more challenging than it has ever been.Studies on the management of diabetes during this time are required.Unfortunately,... With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,diabetes management has become more challenging than it has ever been.Studies on the management of diabetes during this time are required.Unfortunately,the lack of information on the potential role of religious factors and faith communities in diabetes management during the COVID-19 era prevents us from fully understanding the issue of diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic period.People with chronic conditions such as diabetes may benefit from some form of religious support from faith communities and their ability to cope could be fostered by some religious factors.It is unclear how religious factors and faith communities contribute to diabetes management.In this article,the authors examine how people with diabetes can be aided in the COVID-19 pandemic period from the perspective of religious factors and faith communities.Based on the studies identified,it appears that religious factors and faith communities play an important role in managing diabetes among patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. 展开更多
关键词 COVID-19 DIABETES Faith communities Religious factors
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Doctors' faith
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作者 ZHANG Junbo Lü Ying +8 位作者 ZHANG Aifeng SUN Chaofeng HAN Wenqi LI Guoliang GAO Jie HUO Jianhua PAN Junqiang ZHOU Xin NIU Xiaolin 《Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China)》 CAS 2013年第1期35-38,共4页
We make some efforts to find some connections between religion and medical science. Medical science can be regarded as sacred and holy as a religion for doctors to believe. The common points between them are the basis... We make some efforts to find some connections between religion and medical science. Medical science can be regarded as sacred and holy as a religion for doctors to believe. The common points between them are the basis to successfully integrate them into doctors' faith. Furthermore, we explain that doctors need a faith to believe so as to meet the demand of humanitarian traits we should have and to do better in the scientific work and win in the battles with the diseases. 展开更多
关键词 Doctors' faith Medical science DISEASES
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The principle of utmost good faith to the policy-holder
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作者 葛鑫 《商情》 2014年第39期92-92,共1页
关键词 英语学习 学习方法 阅读知识 阅读材料
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