Structural integrity of the flywheel of reactor coolant pump is important for safe operation of a nuclear power plant. A shrink-fit multi-ring flywheel is designed with a fall-off function, i.e., it will separate from...Structural integrity of the flywheel of reactor coolant pump is important for safe operation of a nuclear power plant. A shrink-fit multi-ring flywheel is designed with a fall-off function, i.e., it will separate from the shaft at a designed fall-off rotation speed, which is determined by the assembly process and the gravity. However, the two factors are ignored in the analytical method based on the Lame's equation. In this work, we conducted fall-off experiments to analyze the two factors and used the experimental data to verify the validity of the analytical method and the finite element method(FEM). The results show that FEM performs better than the analytical method in designing the falloff function of the flywheel, though FEM cannot successfully predict the strain variation with the rotational speed.展开更多
Background: The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale is the most commonly used scale in the clinical study of Parkinson’s disease. However, it may fail to capture the essence of physical impairment in patients w...Background: The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale is the most commonly used scale in the clinical study of Parkinson’s disease. However, it may fail to capture the essence of physical impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease and thus limit responsiveness of care-givers, patients, and/or clinicians as to increasing physical disability. This study sought to compare subjective measures of physical disability in Parkinson’s disease to an objective, accurate, and proven measure of physical function-gait speed. Methods: Eighty-eight individuals with early to moderate stage Parkinson’s disease were evaluated on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, the Parkinson’s disease Questionnaire 39 and during five 8 meter walking trials. Spearman correlations coefficients were used to determine the association among all variables of interest. Results: The findings demonstrate that only a fair to moderate relationship between objectively measured gait speed and physical function as measured subjectively by the clinical rating scale and as evaluated by the patients during self report. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that commonly utilized measures of physical function in Parkinson’s disease are not highly correlated with gait speed. Because gait speed is demonstrated as a dependable proxy for physical function, the results of this study may provide a rational for the use of gait speed to provide a more accurate picture of physical function in patients with Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
Purpose: This study investigates the existence of a correlation between the gait speed and kinesthetic sense in lower legs and to conduct further analysis of kinesthetic sense in relation to the risk of fall among com...Purpose: This study investigates the existence of a correlation between the gait speed and kinesthetic sense in lower legs and to conduct further analysis of kinesthetic sense in relation to the risk of fall among community dwelling females aged 65 years or older. Materials and Methods: A non-experimental correlational, descriptive, and cohort study included 38 community dwelling females (average age of 82.5 years). The kinesthetic ruler (K-Ruler) and kinesthetic test protocol were created and used to assess lower extremity kinesthetic awareness. The GaitRite System was used to assess gait speed. Each subject was categorized into four groups: “LL” (Low K-Score and low gait speed), “LH” (Low K-Score and high gait speed), “HL” (High K-Score and low gait speed), and “HH” (High K-Score and high gait speed) according to kinesthetic awareness and gait speed measured. Voluntary fall incidence reporting over the 6-month period was followed by the initial data collection. Results: Pearson product-moment correlation (2-tailed) showed that there is a statistically significant, positive moderate-to-strong correlation between K-score and gait speed (ICC = 0.692, p Discussion: Gait speed declines as kinesthetic awareness of lower extremity decreases in community dwelling 65 or older female subjects. Additionally, the combination of kinesthetic awareness and gait speed can be served as a predictor of fall risk. The K-ruler can be used to assess lower extremity kinesthetic awareness in older people as a feasible and standard test.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> The purpose of this study is to prevent the occurrence of falls by defining the symptoms of falls and detecting them in advance. The focus of the study is on the speci...<div style="text-align:justify;"> The purpose of this study is to prevent the occurrence of falls by defining the symptoms of falls and detecting them in advance. The focus of the study is on the specific definition of “Falling Symptoms”. In this regard, we conducted a questionnaire survey on people of different ages to obtain the state of themselves and their surroundings when they fell down. In addition, we used the elderly simulated experience kit to achieve the purpose of using young people to replace the elderly. Young people were asked to walk on different roads in different shoes with and without elderly simulated experience kit and photographed them with a high-speed camera to observe the changes of their muscles and joints. We also simulated the movement of center of gravity of the people with and without elderly simulated experience kit by a pressure distribution sensor mat. </div>展开更多
<strong>Background: </strong>Walking speed is a reliable barometer of adverse health outcomes, particularly among older people. Few studies evaluated factors associated with daily actual walking speed, rat...<strong>Background: </strong>Walking speed is a reliable barometer of adverse health outcomes, particularly among older people. Few studies evaluated factors associated with daily actual walking speed, rather than that measured in a laboratory setting or self-reported data.<strong> Methods: </strong>In a joint effort with The Pokémon Company, we recruited study participants through a women’s magazine and analyzed data from 63 Pokémon GO players. We measured the true walking speed in daily life among older women using a data-gathering mobile application. Then, using questionnaire survey data collected on these participants in 2019, we estimated the relationship between walking speed and their lifestyle and physiological factors. In the analysis, we employed a bi-directional stepwise linear regression approach, with the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for variable selection. <strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the 63 participants was 63.03 years (standard deviation, SD 7.46);the average walking speed was 4.56 km per hour (SD 1.54);and 52 (82.5%) and 55 (87.3%) participants answered that they had excellent/good health physically and mentally, respectively. After adjusted for covariates in a stepwise regression approach, we identified a significant association between <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span>1.33 (95% confidence intervals <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span>2.52 to <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span>0.15) km/hour lower walking speed and the experience of outdoor falls within a year. We also demonstrated that the walking speed was 1.07 (0.33 to 1.81) km/hour faster for those who had played Pokémon GO before the study started. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The true walking speed in daily life among older women was measured by a data-gathering mobile application. Although all participants were women recruited on a voluntary basis with an understanding of the purpose of the study, and the surveys were conducted at a cross-sectional setting, a significant relationship with the experience of outdoor falls was demonstrated. We also present evidence suggesting a possible relationship between Pokémon GO play and faster walking speed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51576125)
文摘Structural integrity of the flywheel of reactor coolant pump is important for safe operation of a nuclear power plant. A shrink-fit multi-ring flywheel is designed with a fall-off function, i.e., it will separate from the shaft at a designed fall-off rotation speed, which is determined by the assembly process and the gravity. However, the two factors are ignored in the analytical method based on the Lame's equation. In this work, we conducted fall-off experiments to analyze the two factors and used the experimental data to verify the validity of the analytical method and the finite element method(FEM). The results show that FEM performs better than the analytical method in designing the falloff function of the flywheel, though FEM cannot successfully predict the strain variation with the rotational speed.
文摘Background: The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale is the most commonly used scale in the clinical study of Parkinson’s disease. However, it may fail to capture the essence of physical impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease and thus limit responsiveness of care-givers, patients, and/or clinicians as to increasing physical disability. This study sought to compare subjective measures of physical disability in Parkinson’s disease to an objective, accurate, and proven measure of physical function-gait speed. Methods: Eighty-eight individuals with early to moderate stage Parkinson’s disease were evaluated on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, the Parkinson’s disease Questionnaire 39 and during five 8 meter walking trials. Spearman correlations coefficients were used to determine the association among all variables of interest. Results: The findings demonstrate that only a fair to moderate relationship between objectively measured gait speed and physical function as measured subjectively by the clinical rating scale and as evaluated by the patients during self report. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that commonly utilized measures of physical function in Parkinson’s disease are not highly correlated with gait speed. Because gait speed is demonstrated as a dependable proxy for physical function, the results of this study may provide a rational for the use of gait speed to provide a more accurate picture of physical function in patients with Parkinson’s disease.
文摘Purpose: This study investigates the existence of a correlation between the gait speed and kinesthetic sense in lower legs and to conduct further analysis of kinesthetic sense in relation to the risk of fall among community dwelling females aged 65 years or older. Materials and Methods: A non-experimental correlational, descriptive, and cohort study included 38 community dwelling females (average age of 82.5 years). The kinesthetic ruler (K-Ruler) and kinesthetic test protocol were created and used to assess lower extremity kinesthetic awareness. The GaitRite System was used to assess gait speed. Each subject was categorized into four groups: “LL” (Low K-Score and low gait speed), “LH” (Low K-Score and high gait speed), “HL” (High K-Score and low gait speed), and “HH” (High K-Score and high gait speed) according to kinesthetic awareness and gait speed measured. Voluntary fall incidence reporting over the 6-month period was followed by the initial data collection. Results: Pearson product-moment correlation (2-tailed) showed that there is a statistically significant, positive moderate-to-strong correlation between K-score and gait speed (ICC = 0.692, p Discussion: Gait speed declines as kinesthetic awareness of lower extremity decreases in community dwelling 65 or older female subjects. Additionally, the combination of kinesthetic awareness and gait speed can be served as a predictor of fall risk. The K-ruler can be used to assess lower extremity kinesthetic awareness in older people as a feasible and standard test.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> The purpose of this study is to prevent the occurrence of falls by defining the symptoms of falls and detecting them in advance. The focus of the study is on the specific definition of “Falling Symptoms”. In this regard, we conducted a questionnaire survey on people of different ages to obtain the state of themselves and their surroundings when they fell down. In addition, we used the elderly simulated experience kit to achieve the purpose of using young people to replace the elderly. Young people were asked to walk on different roads in different shoes with and without elderly simulated experience kit and photographed them with a high-speed camera to observe the changes of their muscles and joints. We also simulated the movement of center of gravity of the people with and without elderly simulated experience kit by a pressure distribution sensor mat. </div>
文摘<strong>Background: </strong>Walking speed is a reliable barometer of adverse health outcomes, particularly among older people. Few studies evaluated factors associated with daily actual walking speed, rather than that measured in a laboratory setting or self-reported data.<strong> Methods: </strong>In a joint effort with The Pokémon Company, we recruited study participants through a women’s magazine and analyzed data from 63 Pokémon GO players. We measured the true walking speed in daily life among older women using a data-gathering mobile application. Then, using questionnaire survey data collected on these participants in 2019, we estimated the relationship between walking speed and their lifestyle and physiological factors. In the analysis, we employed a bi-directional stepwise linear regression approach, with the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for variable selection. <strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the 63 participants was 63.03 years (standard deviation, SD 7.46);the average walking speed was 4.56 km per hour (SD 1.54);and 52 (82.5%) and 55 (87.3%) participants answered that they had excellent/good health physically and mentally, respectively. After adjusted for covariates in a stepwise regression approach, we identified a significant association between <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span>1.33 (95% confidence intervals <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span>2.52 to <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span>0.15) km/hour lower walking speed and the experience of outdoor falls within a year. We also demonstrated that the walking speed was 1.07 (0.33 to 1.81) km/hour faster for those who had played Pokémon GO before the study started. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The true walking speed in daily life among older women was measured by a data-gathering mobile application. Although all participants were women recruited on a voluntary basis with an understanding of the purpose of the study, and the surveys were conducted at a cross-sectional setting, a significant relationship with the experience of outdoor falls was demonstrated. We also present evidence suggesting a possible relationship between Pokémon GO play and faster walking speed.
