An Investigation Into the Needs and Challenges of County-Level Family Education Guidance Services and Corresponding Improvement Measures

The delivery of targeted family education guidance services is essential for establishing a three-in-one education model that encompasses families,schools,and communities.It is also the key to creating a favorable educational environment that promotes the comprehensive and healthy development of individual students.To gain a comprehensive understanding of family education characteristics and trends in Chinese counties,accurately tap into the educational needs of parents,and effectively identify strengths and weaknesses in family education guidance services,this paper employed a quantitative research method based on a questionnaire survey and interview data from J district of C city after years of continuous monitoring of the quality of family education in the area,aiming to explore these issues and put forward several suggestions for improvement.The results indicate that the family learning environment and atmosphere in the district are generally favorable,while parental educational competence requires further improvement.Parents express a strong desire for interactive,systematic,and fragmented family education guidance from schools.Most parents acknowledge the significance of receiving guidance on family education,yet they are disinclined to actively engage in learning-related activities.While the operational mechanisms of county-level family education guidance services have been continuously improved,there is a need for greater overall coordination.Furthermore,the potential of school-led family education guidance services has yet to be fully tapped,and the scientific and professional standards of such guidance need to be further enhanced.Based on the aforementioned findings,we propose recommendations for improvement.Using J district’s effective improvement practices in management,curriculum,and teams as an example,we intend to explore practical ways to promote county-level family education guidance services and provide a valuable reference for the establishment of a comprehensive and effective system to improve such services.

A family nurse-led intervention for reducing health services’utilization in individuals with chronic diseases:The ADVICE pilot study

Objectives:Intensive health services'utilization is common in older individuals affected by chronic diseases.This study assessed whether a structured family nurse-led educational intervention would be effective in reducing health services'use(readmissions and/or emergency service access)among older people affected by chronic conditions.Methods:This is a non-randomized before-after pilot study.A sample of 78 patients was recruited from two general practices in Italy and 70 among them were followed for 8 months.Standard home care was provided during the first four months'period(months 1-4),followed by the educational intervention until the end of the study(months 5-8).The intervention,based on the teach-back method,consisted of by-weekly 60-min home sessions targeting aspects of the disease and its treatment,potential complications,medication adherence,and health behaviours.Rates of health services'use were collected immediately before(T0),and after the interventions(T1).Differences in utilization rates were examined by the McNemar's test.Potential factors associated with the risk of health services'use were explored with a Cox proportional hazard regression model.Results:The sample(n=78)was predominantly female(n=50,64.1%),and had a mean age of 76.2(SD=4.8)years.Diabetes mellitus was the most frequent disease(n=27,34.6%).McNemar's test indicated a significant reduction in health services'use at T1(McNemar χ^(2)==28.03,P<0.001).Cox regressions indicated that time and patient education,as well as their interaction,were the only variables positively associated with the probability of health services'use.Conclusion:A teach-back intervention led by a family nurse practitioner has the potential to reduce health services'use in older patients with chronic diseases.

Induced abortion in China and the advances of post abortion family planning service

This is a review of current situation of induced abortion and post abortion family planning service in China. Induced abortion is an important issue in reproductive health. This article reviewed the distribution of induced abortion in various time, areas, and population in China, and explored the character, reason, and harm to reproductive health of induced abortion.Furthermore, this article introduces the concept of Quality of Care Program in Family Planning,and discusses how important and necessary it is to introduce Quality of Care Program in Family Planning to China.

Perceived barriers on mental health services by the family of patients with mental illness

Background:Various efforts have been made by the Indonesian government to improve mental health services.In 2014,the government established Law no 18,which is about mental health and the treatment of people with mental illness covered by the universal health coverage.However,many people still experience difficulty in accessing mental health services.In Indonesia,family plays the role ofa caregiver to people with mental illness.Objective:This study aims to identify the perceived barriers on mental health services by families whose members suffers from mental illness.Methods:This study is a qualitative research study with a phenomenological approach.Sampling was conducted by purposive sampling with a sample size of 12 participants.Data were collected using semistructured in-depth interviews.Thematic analysis was performed using Colaizzi steps.Results:The obtained results presented three themes.Theme 1,mental health service affordability;theme 2,mental health service availability;and theme 3,negative attitudes (stigma).Conclusion:Families whose members suffered from mental illness still experienced barriers in relation to mental health services even with universal health coverage,Improved mental health services are related to the health insurance coverage,affordability,availability of mental health services and stigma reduction in the health professionals and wide community.

Assessment of Clients Satisfaction in Family Planning Service Delivery in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Background: Client satisfaction is considered as one of the desired outcomes of health care service delivery and it is directly related to the utilization of any health services. The family planning clinic remains one of the important health care delivery outlets where client satisfaction guarantees continuation of usage, hence this study. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the determinants of client satisfaction with the family planning (FP) services provided in Port Harcourt. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive prospective cross-sectional study conducted between 18th of June 2018 and 18th of July 2018. The target population is women of reproductive age group (15 - 49) who visited 11 randomly selected family planning health facilities in Port Harcourt during the study period. A set of exit interviewer-administered questionnaire (pretested for reliability and validity) was used for data collection from a sample size of 195 respondents;and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Standard deviation was used for continuous variable while categorical variables were presented in simple percentages and frequencies. The P value was set at <0.05 and confidence interval was 95%. Results: Age range 30 - 39 years constituted the largest proportion of 51.3%. A large proportion of the women (87.2%) expressed satisfaction with FP services provided. All respondents said the facilities were easily accessible, clean and were treated respectfully. However, only about half of the clients (51.3%) received their chosen contraceptive product after 1 hour. Conclusion: A huge proportion of family planning clients expressed satisfaction with family planning service delivery in Port Harcourt;not minding the longer waiting time. Implication of this is continued use and by implication improved contraceptive prevalence.

An Analysis of Employment-promoting Effects of Employment Service Policies-Based on Family Development

This paper aims at improving the employmentpromoting effects of employment service policies(ESP) to enhance family development. Based on process evaluation methods of public policy, there are three positive effects of ESP, but despite these effects we cannot overrate the performance of ESP. The problem is the double segmentation between urban and rural areas as well as among different regions, the poor basic fund, and the deviation of positioned policy support objects. Hence, China should regulate ESP as soon as possible to benefit family development.

The present situation and policy recommendations of Shanghai family service industry

To develop Shanghai family service industry urgently is for the construction of livable city. Surveys are found that there are quite a lot of problems of Shanghai family services ,such as structural imbalance between supply and demand, industry market chaos, staff career development space is limited, imperfect industry standards, relevant laws and regulations is not sound and so on. To start with, Shanghai family service standard system should be made to strengthen the family service personnel vocational training and job evaluation, and for the establishment and implementation of the ＂family service personnel vocational level system＂, it also increases policy support to the ＂employees＂ enterprise and to build the linkage supervision mechanism of industry associations and government departments to promote the standardization of the Shanghai family service development.

The present situation and policy recommendations of Shanghai family service industry

To develop Shanghai family service industry urgently is for the construction of livable city. Surveys are found that there are quite a lot of problems of Shanghai family services ,such as structural imbalance between supply and demand, industry market chaos, staff career development space is limited, imperfect industry standards, relevant laws and regulations is not sound and so on. To start with, Shanghai family service standard system should be made to strengthen the family service personnel vocational training and job evaluation, and for the establishment and implementation of the ＂family service personnel vocational level system＂, it also increases policy support to the ＂employees＂ enterprise and to build the linkage supervision mechanism of industry associations and government departments to promote the standardization of the Shanghai family service development.

The Development of Community-Based Family Healthcare: A Cross-Sectional Study in Haidian, Beijing, China

The outbreak of Covid-19 affects China’s health delivery system, and the current status of primary health services after the Covid-19 pandemic is not yet clear. To further explore the current status of demands of family health services, we conducted a cross-sectional survey, in the community of Haidian District, Beijing. Chi-square test analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors influencing residents’ demands for family healthcare services. Results show that population of married (OR = 3.108), living with parents (OR = 2.171), degree of Junior high school and above (OR = 7.250) and high school (OR = 7.670), Annual income: 0 - 56,000 (OR = 3.680) and 72,001 - 88,000 (OR = 1.690) have significant demands for family health care. The approach to building primary health services in Haidian District is worth promoting, but it is also important to pay attention to the health inequalities that can occur when patients are moved down to the grassroots level. .

The Matching Status of Community Family-Care Service Supply and Demand in Shanghai

Shanghai has entered the depth of the current population aging stage, pure old home, and the empty nest family, lonely elderly people are gradually increasing, the elderly how to provide has become an issue concern in public society. However, with the developing of economic and society, the traditional family＇ s structure and function is gradually being weaken, and the traditional idea of raising children for old age is deeply rooted, elderly people are reluctant to leave their original place. So community family-care is becoming the main endowment way. However, there is a big problem in the quantity and quality of service which is supplied by community, the project that a lot of elderly people really needs, the community does not provide, and some projects are now offered to elderly people, the quality still can not fully to meet the needs of older persons. Those problems are urgently need to be solved. This study aims to know the current status of community family-care in Shanghai, starting from the needs of older persons to allocate the community resources rationally, further improve the quality of the pension service, protect the interests of the elderly.

加入合作社对家庭农场适度规模经营的影响

本文在探讨家庭农场适度规模经营两种理论观点之争的基础上,基于中国社会科学院农村发展研究所2020年中国乡村振兴综合调查(CRRS)数据,采用普通最小二乘法(OLS)系统考察了家庭农场加入合作社的规模扩大效应及其作用机制。研究发现:首先,加入合作社能够扩大家庭农场经营规模,推动家庭农场适度规模经营。经测算,当前中国家庭农场最优经营规模为188亩,因而家庭农场经营规模仍有扩大的空间。其次,家庭农场加入合作社的规模扩大效应存在异质性,收入水平高、社会资本水平低和自有机械化水平低的家庭农场加入合作社的规模扩大效应更明显。再次,加入合作社扩大家庭农场经营规模主要来自内部服务获取机制和外部资源获取机制,且合作社所提供的销售服务和金融支持对家庭农场经营规模扩大具有更强的促进效应。最后,耕地细碎化程度负向调节家庭农场加入合作社的规模扩大效应,耕地细碎化不利于加入合作社的家庭农场扩大经营规模。本文的研究为推动家庭农场适度规模经营,促进其与合作社融合发展提供了理论指导和决策依据。

家庭医生服务制度的健康伦理、现实挑战与机制完善

人文关怀、契约精神与资源分配是家庭医生服务制度健康伦理的核心指向,该制度在实践运作中存在诸多健康伦理的现实挑战。人文关怀理念的培养,必须强化全科医学人文教育的规范化与家庭医生执业中人文教育的制度化;签约服务信任关系的养成,应力求实现家庭医生服务制度的规范化且应充分考虑不同人群的特殊需要,加强家庭医生服务平台的信息化建设;签约服务首诊秩序的形成,除了人文关怀理念与签约服务信任的相关制度完善外,还应采取诱导性的制度设计,合理调整与配置医疗卫生资源,引导居民逐步养成科学的健康理念与有序的就医习惯。

灾难与重建中的信息力量——急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿家庭信息获取障碍与对策

因儿童罹患急性淋巴细胞白血病而遭受重创的家庭,往往难以及时获得足够的信息支持。深入研究这个群体的信息需求和信息行为,有望辅助医疗决策,拯救更多稚嫩生命,减轻病痛给家庭带来的恐惧、焦虑和无助,也能为信息职业者在该领域中发挥更大作用提供建议。文章对某相关群体进行历时两年的参与式观察,发现该群体面临着误导信息先入为主,信息来源良莠难判,需求多样、归因单一等信息获取障碍。为优化此类患儿家庭信息获取利用环境,需要公布权威信息、开放科研成果,创新科普资源、引导大众认知,打造信息平台、搭建沟通渠道,发挥图书馆功能、提供精细化健康信息服务。

家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷的开发与应用

目的:开发并应用家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷。方法:选取我国8469名已经或即将从事家庭医生工作的基层卫生机构医生为研究对象,采用自行开发的家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷对其进行调查。结果:基本医疗服务能力7项职责中,家庭医生具备承担常见病、多发病诊治职责能力的比例最高,为94.69%,社区康复服务和合理用药、用械职责能力的比例相对较高,分别为90.94%和90.75%。基层医生具备承担危急重症应急处置、医疗服务协同等职责能力的比例较低,分别为53.74%和56.68%。73.27%的家庭医生基本医疗服务能力得分≥4分,东、中、西部地区的家庭医生基本医疗服务能力得分≥4分者分别占73.72%、77.03%、67.49%。农村地区的家庭医生基本医疗服务能力得分≥4分者占74.62%,高于城市地区(70.63%)。全科医生基本医疗服务能力得分为7分者占比最高(27.48%),执业医师占比为19.99%。结论:本研究构建的家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷可行性和可靠性较高,家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷的应用有利于识别基层医生服务能力短板,能够反映家庭医生实际能力水平,符合基层工作实际情况,城乡家庭医生和不同类别的家庭医生基本医疗服务能力存在差别。

2019—2021年西安市莲湖区基层社区卫生服务中心家庭病床服务现状分析

目的 分析2019-2021年西安市莲湖区基层社区卫生服务中心家庭病床患者服务现状,为基层卫生机构家庭病床服务的可持续发展提供参考依据。方法 选取2019-2021年西安市莲湖区8家基层社区卫生服务中心的家庭病床,了解并分析家庭病床数量、患者基本情况、家庭病床费用、患者病种等相关情况。结果2019-2021年西安市莲湖区基层社区卫生服务中心的家庭病床数分别为134、238、360例;家庭病床患者年龄以≥80岁占比最高,为29.2%;2019-2021年西安市莲湖区基层社区卫生服务中心家庭病床患者的性别、年龄、婚姻状况及医保情况无明显差异(P>0.05)。2019-2021年西安市莲湖区基层社区卫生服务中心家庭病床年收入增长率分别为116.3%、71.0%,平均家庭病床费用增长率分别为16.7%、14.3%。2019-2021年西安市莲湖区基层社区卫生服务中心家庭病床患者病种数占比较高的前3位分别是高血压病、2型糖尿病、冠心病。结论 2019-2021年西安市莲湖区基层社区卫生服务中心家庭病床服务需求以高血压病、2型糖尿病、冠心病等慢性疾病为主。基层社区应围绕家庭病床患者病种较为集中的慢性疾病以及其他有需求的病种提供服务。

高血压患者规范管理与家医签约一体化的现况调查

目的了解北京市月坛地区高血压患者进行家医签约的一般现状,探索高血压管理与家医签约的整合现况,为提高高血压管理效率、促进家医签约服务的可持续发展探索切合社区实际工作的方法。方法采用现况调查的方法,对2022年6—8月在月坛社区卫生服务中心进行电子签约家医服务的高血压患者进行问卷调查。问卷包括基本情况、高血压诊疗服务及需求、高血压知识知晓情况及家医签约服务满意度。结果在签约家医服务的高血压患者中,失眠和使用降压药物种类对血压的控制差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血压患者对高血压相关用药知识的知晓率为20.45%,对其危险因素的知晓率为43.18%,对其并发症的知晓率为33.64%。高血压患者且对诊疗预约服务和微信服务有较大需求。高血压患者对原有家医签约服务满意度得分的中位数为93分。结论应积极控制高血压患者的失眠情况及使用降压药物的种类,充分利用家医签约服务微信群及时增强诊疗预约和健康教育能力,促进高血压管理与家医签约的充分融合。

以家庭为中心的多元化延伸服务在早产儿视网膜病变中的应用

目的观察以家庭为中心的多元化延伸服务在早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)中的应用效果。方法选取ROP早产儿100例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组行常规护理服务,观察组行以家庭为中心的多元化延伸服务。比较2组患儿家长依从性、患儿眼部参数情况、患儿家长照护过程测量表-20(MPOC-20)评分及中文版育儿胜任感量表(C-PSOC)评分。结果观察组家长依从性优于对照组,观察组患儿干预1个月后眼压下降程度高于对照组,距巩膜突500μm处房角角度(ACA500)、中央前房深度(CACD)及距巩膜突500μm处房角开放距离(AOD500)大于对照组,干预后观察组家长MPOC-20、C-PSOC评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以家庭为中心的多元化延伸服务,可以提高患儿家长参与治疗的依从性以及对护理服务的满意度,改善ROP患儿眼部情况,增强患儿家长育儿胜任感,对ROP患儿预后恢复具有积极作用。

医患共同决策对老年慢性病共病患者家庭医生签约服务质量的影响

目的:深入剖析医患共同决策水平对老年慢性病共病患者家庭医生签约服务质量的作用路径,为推动慢性病健康管理、改善患者就医体验感和签约服务质量提供参考。方法:在武汉市和贵阳市采取多阶段随机抽样方法对599名老年慢性病共病患者及其对应的63名签约医生开展问卷调查,借助分层回归模型分析医患共同决策水平对签约服务质量的作用路径。结果:我国中西部地区老年慢性病共病患者的医患共同决策得分为32.07±6.46,家庭医生签约服务质量得分为95.20±8.73,其中经济性和纵向连续性维度得分较低。分层回归模型分析结果显示医患共同决策水平对签约服务质量产生正向影响(β=0.369,P<0.05),家庭医生对签约患者的信任程度起到正向调节作用(β=0.548,P<0.05)。结论:我国中西部地区老年慢性病共病患者的医患共同决策水平和家庭医生签约服务质量均处于中等水平且有待提升,医患共同决策显著提升签约服务质量,对签约患者的信任程度强化共同决策对服务质量的正向效应。今后应加强医患共同决策、规范慢性病患者转诊服务、强化医患沟通信任,切实提升家庭医生签约服务质量。

乡村振兴背景下农村家庭教育指导服务需求、困境与实现路径研究——基于甘肃省农村家庭教育指导服务的实证调研

研究基于甘肃省农村家庭教育指导服务的实证调查,深入分析了乡村振兴背景下农村家庭教育指导服务的现实需求、发展困境与实现路径。调查结果显示,新时代农村家庭重视并需要家庭教育指导服务,希望获得内容全面且多元、形式灵活能满足个性化需要的家庭教育指导服务。当前农村家庭教育指导服务面临指导内容不全、指导形式单一、指导者能力不足、管理机制不健全,难以满足农村家庭教育指导服务需求的发展困境。研究进一步提出了乡村振兴背景下农村家庭教育指导服务的实现路径,从而提升农村家庭教育质量,助力乡村振兴战略发展。