Causal relationship between feelings and cognitive decline:An univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND While the impact of depression on cognition is well-documented,the relationship between feelings and cognition has received limited attention.AIM To explore the potential association between feelings and cognition with a twosample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.METHODS Our analysis utilized genome-wide association data on various feelings(fed-up feelings,n=453071;worrier/anxious feelings,n=450765;guilty feelings,n=45-0704;nervous feelings,n=450700;sensitivity/hurt feelings,n=449419;miserableness,n=454982;loneliness/isolation,n=455364;happiness,n=152348)in the European population and their impact on cognitive functions(intelligence,n=269867).Conducting a univariable MR(UVMR)analysis to assess the relationship between feelings and cognition.In this analysis,we applied the inverse variance weighting(IVW),weighted median,and MR Egger methods.Additionally,we performed sensitivity analysis(leave-one-out analysis),assessed heterogeneity(using MR-PRESSO and Cochran’s Q test),and conducted multiple validity test(employing MR-Egger regression).Subsequently,a multivariable MR(MVMR)analysis was employed to examine the impact of feelings on cognition.IVW served as the primary method in the multivariable analysis,complemented by median-based and MR-Egger methods.RESULTS In this study,UVMR indicated that sensitivity/hurt feelings may have a negative causal effect on cognition(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.43-0.92,P=0.017).After adjustment of other feelings using MVMR,a direct adverse causal effect on cognition was observed(OR_(MVMR)=0.39,95%CI:0.17-0.90,P_(MVMR)=0.027).While a potential increased risk of cognitive decline was observed for fed-up feelings in the UVMR analysis(ORUVMR=0.64,95%CI:0.42-0.97,PUVMR=0.037),this effect disappeared after adjusting for other feelings(OR_(MVMR)=1.42,95%CI:0.43-4.74,P_(MVMR)=0.569).These findings were generally consistent across MV-IVW,median-based,and MR-Egger analyses.MR-Egger regression revealed pleiotropy in the impact of worrier/anxious feelings on cognition,presenting a challenge in identifying the effect.Notably,this study did not demonstrate any significant impact of guilty feelings,nervous feelings,miserableness,or loneliness/isolation on cognition.Due to a limited number of instrumental variables for happiness,this study was unable to analyze the relationship between happiness and cognition.CONCLUSION This MR study finds that sensitivity/hurt feelings are associated with cognitive decline,while the link between worrier/anxious feelings and cognition remains inconclusive.Insufficient evidence supports direct associations between happiness,guilty feelings,nervous feelings,miserableness,loneliness/isolation,and cognition.

On Aesthetic Feelings of Synaesthesia

Synaesthesia is both a common daily life phenomenon and a controversial rhetoric one.Respective evidence may be found in 'Wounded fingers may cause pain in heart' and 'The breeze blows away birds' sweet voice from under the flower'.Other examples,like 'the liquid stillness of the night,noise color,sweet voice,icy look,sharp cry,sour remark,oily-tongued…' are so frequently seen in both Chinese and foreign poems especially classic poems.Without doubt,use of synaesthesia blows a fresh air into essay and poem writing,let alone the accurate and aesthetic feelings it arouses among readers.However,when people try to find out the reason why it can arouse such aesthetic feelings,they seem to encounter difficulties.This paper makes an attempt to offer a different explanation based on psychological analysis.

A Study on Feelings of Worriment Due to Middle-Sized Robot in Living Space

Recently, the demand of services for architectural space is more increasing due to the diversification and complication of people＇s needs. In this research, it is assumed that the robot will support people＇s various needs and people＇s lives in the near future. In this study, the authors investigated the relationship between a robot and a person in quasi space close to actual life space. The authors carried out an experiment to clarify the feelings of worriment due to a robot in the living room in the case of Japanese males. This research aims to establish architecture techniques for robots and humans living together. In this experiment, the robot approached a male sitting on a sofa in quasi space. At different distances between the robot and the male, the subject evaluated his feelings of worriment from ＂no worriment＂ to ＂worriment＂ in five steps from one to five. The robot used in this experiment is middle-sized （380 mm （L） × 380 mm （W） × 350 mm （H））. In this experiment, it is considered that the robot asks for help outside when an emergency occurs. In this experiment, the authors had three situations for the subject： watching television, reading a magazine and just sitting.

Negative feelings experienced by people with mental disorder in the workplace: A qualitative study

Mental disorders are a significant cause of disability and loss of workplace productivity. Many people with mental illness want to work. Occupational health in the world has to face up to psychosocial risks to protect the health of employees. My study aims are to improve negative feelings in work place and work functioning and to stimulate better coping mechanisms. Participants were collected from “Mental health daycare facility”, “Regional living assistance center” and “B-type employment assistance office” in Japan. I took interviews with 25 members. The content of the interviews was categorized about negative feelings in work place. A total of 33 small category negative feelings of mental disorder were extracted and were classified into 11 subcategories. These subcategories were then classified into two higher-level categories: inward-directed feelings and outward-directed feelings. Inward-directed feelings include “reserve or timidity,” “hesitation about being open about the illness,” “anxiety about being dismissed,” “regrets about resigning,” “sense of isolation,” “feelings of remorse,” and “suffering.” Outward-directed feelings include “failure in interpersonal relationships,” “distrust,” “frustrations,” “negative feelings toward those with mental disorder.” Employment has been linked to having better social networks, to enhanced quality of life and to overall wellbeing. We will have to defend them legally. The legal and moral obligations placed on the employer require that it provides a healthy, harassment-free work environment.

Empirical Study on the Empowerment of Families Raising Children with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities in Japan: The Association with Positive Feelings towards Child Rearing

Background: “Children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities” refers to children with markedly limited activity due to severe overlapping of physical and intellectual disabilities. The physical and mental burden placed on families raising severely disabled children, particularly the primary caregivers, is great in home settings. For families to effectively utilize services and over-come child rearing problems, the families themselves need the “strength” to cooperate with others for the purpose of raising a severely disabled child. The ultimate goal of family support is to enable such families to achieve satisfaction and self-growth in child rearing. Methods: We used a questionnaire to survey 75 primary caregivers to empirically elucidate the empowerment and positive feelings towards child rearing of families raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities and the related factors. The t-test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to examine the association with bivariates. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for empowerment and positive feelings. Results: Results revealed that life events, livelihood, awareness of social support and the child’s sleep problems were factors related to empowerment. Of these, awareness of social support from outside of the family was found to contribute the most to empowerment. Furthermore, improvement and maintenance of positive feelings towards child rearing reaffirmed the existence of empowerment in addition to reducing negative feelings towards child rearing and ensuring social support. Conclusions: Raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities requires specialist knowledge and skills. Support from professionals to empower the entire family is therefore important in order to strengthen positive feelings towards child rearing.

How Do We Have Feelings?

For centuries, the question of how a physical structure (the brain) generates the subjective feeling of consciousness has plagued neuroscientists, physiologists, psychologists, linguists, and philosophers. This has become known as the “hard problem of consciousness” and has been the subject of many publications. Although lots of answers have been proposed, none has been completely satisfactory. The focus of most of these studies has been on the neuronal structures and activities. Experiential consciousness emerges from neural processes, but it has not been explained with models that have been based solely on the electro-mechanical aspects of the processes. There must be some other dynamic features of neuronal activity to explain the emergence of experiential consciousness. I argue that a likely answer to the dilemma resides in the added dimension of the neurochemistry of the brain that has, so far, received little attention.

The Missing of Emotional Feelings in the Translation of Ci Works——A Comparison between Yulingling and Its Translation

Yulinling is a famous piece of Ci by Liu Yong of the Song Dynasty.It is one long-cherished classical in lamenting the sorrow of departure.The author pictures a gloomy scene of separation:the cold autumn,the long corridor,the misty sea and the lonely boat,all the scenes depicting the sorrow and unwillingness of the separation between the two who are in deep love.The translator translated it into Eng lish in order to express his depressive feelings but he did not convey the depressive meaning of the original Ci in full extend.He lost some of the intentional feelings of the original in his translation.Through the comparison between Yulingling and its translation,the paper dis cusses the missing of emotional feelings in the translation of Ci works.

Feelings and Spiritual Practices of Patients with Mastectomy: A Qualitative Study from Turkey

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe feelings and spiritual practices of patients with mastectomy. Method: The study was employed a qualitative design at a private university hospital oncology unit in Ankara, Turkey. Interviews were performed with 20 mastectomized women. Results: The findings indicated that commonly used in several spiritual practices;prayer was used by 96%, of the patients, and 94% requested that others pray for their health, the practice to positive reframing (76%), the practice to planning for family-friends activities (74%), visiting mos-que-shrine (73%), and the practice to reading Quran (71%). The categorization of the data led to identification of three thematic units. The first we described as “Experiencing the consequences of illness as a disorder”. The second was “Restoring a sense of order to life”, and the third was “Living with the new condition”. Conclusion: We concluded that a having mastectomy was difficult for the subjects. In this respect, nurses’ role is vital to help women with breast cancer in such a difficult and modifying process as breast removal.

A Brief Analysis on the Causes of the Chinese Nation's Strong Feelings toward their Home and Country

"The love for our children as well as the love for our country and people"are the common emotions of all human beings.The Chinese nation's feelings toward their relatives,hometown,and country are immensely deep and strong that they have surpassed all other nations.This article analyzed the causes of the Chinese nation's strong feelings toward their home and country based on China's development history and geopolitics.

Common Emulsifier Combination Skin Feeling Research and Recommendation

Emulsifier is an important component of emulsified skin care BASE(matrix),and the common influencing factors affecting the skin feel of BASE are:emollient,thickeners,and emulsifier.The choice of emulsifier is crucial to the skin feel of cosmetics.In this paper,12 classical emulsifiers were selected and 13 combinations of them were made.Thirteen creams were designed using the same formulation structure,their physicochemical indexes were determined,and their skin feel was tested and evaluated using five expert panel scores,with the test site being the hand.Physicochemical parameters included pH and viscosity.Skin feel indicators include:stickiness,silkiness,whiteheads,greasiness at the end of application,absorption,softness after use,etc.The BASE formulations of the creams were tested and evaluated by five experts.Recommendations were also made for the selection of emulsifier combinations in the design of cream BASE formulations.

The feelings and thoughts of mental health nurses concerning the management of distressed and disturbed in-patients: A comparative qualitative European study

High levels of distress and disturbance amongst those experiencing acute mental illness can be a major problem for mental health nurses. The feelings experienced by these nurses when caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients along with their concurrent thoughts are not well described in the literature. To date, this complex issue has not been explored within a comparative European context. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore the feelings and thoughts of mental health nurses when supporting and caring for distressed and/or disturbed patients in 6 European countries. Methods: Focus groups were used to collect data from 130 mental health nurses working in acute inpatient psychiatric settings. Results: Data were analysed using content analysis. Findings highlighted 6 broad themes: 1) Mixed emotions: expressive and responsive, 2) Procedure for caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 3) Use of guidelines for caring and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 4) Team and organisational support, 5) Ethical concerns: Cognitive dissonance and 6) Education and training. Commonalities and differences were?found across all themes. Approaches to care, nurses’ role and education, clinical guidelines and/or standards vary from country to country, therefore the care, treatment and management of distressed and/or disturbed patients are various. As a result, mental health nurses have different experiences, various emotional quandaries concurrent with cognitive dissonance and different coping strategies when caring for and supporting distressed and disturbed patients. Conclusions: More emphasis needs to be given to the emotional quandaries and concurrent cognitive dissonance experienced by mental health nurses caring for distressed and/or disturbed inpatients in acute psychiatric settings. Increased access to education and training with particular attention to interpersonal communication and relationship building within clinical teams needs to be a priority given the experiences described by mental health nurses.

培育国家忠诚与构建人类情怀:新时代爱国主义教育的双重使命

在民族国家发展与世界历史进程深度融合的时代背景下,爱国主义教育面临着回应国家发展和应对全球挑战的双重使命,彰显了本土化与全球化、国家视野与人类情怀的融合与张力。经由国家公民身份认同的教育、国家利益关切的教育,最终走向国家忠诚、民族情感的教育,是新时代爱国主义教育的根本要求;同时,促进世界视野和人类共同价值的培育,推动全球危机应对、人类共同繁荣视域下的人类情怀的发展,也是新时代爱国主义教育的重要主题。基于此,新时代爱国主义教育应坚持培育国家忠诚与构建人类情怀的目标导向,开展以社会主义核心价值观和人类共同价值为核心的价值内容创新,推进情智交融的爱国主义教学,探索知行合一的爱国主义实践,从而更好地培养兼具国家忠诚与人类情怀的时代新人。

手术室护理管理对降低院感发生率与提升护理安全质量的影响

目的探讨分析手术室护理管理对降低院感发生率与提升护理安全质量的影响。方法本次研究病例治疗时间段为2021年1月至2023年1月,研究对象选择方式为计算机随机抽选,均为我院接受手术治疗的患者,组别划分标准为护理干预方式差异,其一为常规护理,其二为手术室护理干预,分别对应对照组与观察组,各组分别有68例患者,共计136例符合条件患者,对研究完成后结果进行比较与分析。结果观察组院感发生率达到了2.94%,对照组达到了14.71%,观察组的院感发生率要明显更低(P<0.05)。患者的服务态度、文书质量、操作技能、管理能力以及风险识别水平评估分值均相对更高的为观察组(P<0.05)。观察组的满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论临床实施手术室护理管理干预,能够有效降低患者发生院感的概率,使临床护理质量水平得到显著提升,为患者提供更加安全可靠的治疗环境,提高患者对医院及医护人员的满意度。

时代新人培养目标下涉农高校实践育人共同体实效性研究——基于南京农业大学样本的实证分析

全面建设社会主义现代化国家,最艰巨最繁重的任务依然在农村,最广泛最深厚的基础依然在农村。涉农高校要自觉围绕立德树人根本任务,以实践育人共同体为抓手,培养更多知农爱农新型人才,但实践育人共同体的内在要求、实现路径、成效评估等仍有待深化,因此有必要对涉农高校实践育人共同体的实效性进行探究。文章基于747名涉农高校大学生的调查数据,建立有序Logit回归分析涉农高校实践育人共同体的实现程度。结果表明,专业能力、实践能力和“三农”情怀对涉农高校实践育人共同体的育人目标实现有积极影响。进一步的交互项结果表明,加强自然科学专业学生实践能力培养会强化涉农高校实践育人共同体的实效性,而加强社会科学专业学生专业能力的学习会促进实践育人共同体实现成效。因此,在知农爱农新型人才培养目标下,涉农高校应以注重培育成效为导向,以提高学生创新能力为基础,积极构建与完善“三农”情怀教育育人培养机制,构建并有效发挥涉农高校实践育人共同体的重要载体功能。

信念与感知的纠缠:中医针灸患者的具身感受

针灸患者的感受与信念,贯穿着从术前到术后的每个阶段:施针前,患者未认识到其心身贯通为一,虽然其身体上有各种不适感,但其对中医针灸并无清晰认识;施针中,患者获得了针灸治疗的沉浸体验,针刺在身体上产生的沉、胀、酸、麻等感受引导着气通观念;施针后,患者身体感觉回落,形成了身体记忆,促使其回想治疗中信念变化。由此可见,疼痛唤醒了患者对自己身体的觉知,让其肉身回到世界之中;在得气时,患者身体的整全性显现,身体间性意识在患者和医师之间确认;患者身体认同,促进其对中医针灸治疗的认同,进而促进中医药的传播。