A Study of the Treatment of Disfiguring Diseases in the “Qian Jin Fang”

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been passed down for more than 2,000 years.TCM beauty products driven by the principles of identification and treatment with various dosage forms and exhibit mild and safe efficacy are bound to become a main component of the beauty industry in the future.Xu once commented that“Qian Jin Fang”is different from the traditional prescription system,which emphasizes the use of medicines.In this paper,we mainly selected the prescriptions for the treatment of disfigurement diseases such as acne,scarring,black dryness,face hyperpigmentation,black mole,and rosacea from the article titled,“Upper Seven Orifices Disease-Facial Medicine IX”in the Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang[1].By studying and analyzing the original composition of the formula,understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease,and exploring the characteristics of the formula concerning the efficacy of TCM,their properties,flavors,and meridians,we summarized the characteristics of the Qian Jin Fang.It is based on the external treatment of disfigurement diseases,with a wide variety of drugs,flexibility,and accuracy.This method draws upon analogies while utilizing excipients and harmonizers to focus on the combined healing approach of treatment and nourishment.

Clinical Study on the Effectiveness of Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin for Treating Cutaneous Infections and Promoting Wound Healing in Patients with Perianal Abscess

Objective:To explore the effect of the Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin(XFHM)for treating cutaneous infections and promoting wound healing in patients with perianal abscesses.Methods:Sixty-one patients with perianal abscesses who were admitted to our hospital(Xinghua City People’s Hospital)from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups,a control group(30 cases)and a study group(31 cases).Both groups received surgical treatment.The control group received conventional treatment and warm water fumigation,sitz bath,and surgical dressing change after surgery,while the research group received XFHM based on the control group.XFHM was taken orally and replaced with warm water for fumigation and sitz bathing.Both groups received treatment for 4 weeks but discontinued sitz bathing after 2 weeks.Various clinical indicators between the two groups were compared.Results:The total clinical effective rate and wound recovery rate of the study group were higher than that of the control group.There were differences in the wound pain scores,surrounding tissue edema,and wound secretions at different time points.Both groups experienced wound pain.The scores of wound pain,surrounding tissue edema,and wound secretions of the study group were lower than those of the control group,7 and 14 days after surgery.The serum interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)levels,and pH values of the study group were lower than those of the control group 10 days after surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of XFHM for treating cutaneous infections and promoting wound healing in patients with perianal abscesses improved the treatment outcome,alleviated clinical symptoms,and promoted healing.

Possible mechanisms associated with immune escape and apoptosis on anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of Mu Ji Fang granules

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common digestive system cancers with high mortality rates worldwide.The main ingredients in Mu Ji Fang Granules(MJF)are alkaloids,flavonoids,and polysaccharides.MJF has been used in the clinical treatment of hepatitis,cirrhosis and HCC for more than 30 years.Few previous studies have focused on the mechanism of MJF on tumor immunology in the treatment of HCC.AIM To explore the mechanism of action of MJF on tumor immunology in the treatment of HCC.METHODS The absorbable ingredients of MJF were identified using Molecule Network related to High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electron Spray Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry,and hub potential anti-HCC targets were screened using network pharmacology and pathway enrichment analysis.Forty male mice were randomly divided into the Blank,Model,and MJF groups(1.8,5.4,and 10.8 g/kg/d)following 7 d of oral administration.Average body weight gain,spleen and thymus indices were calculated,tumor tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin,and Interferon gamma(IFN-γ),Tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),Interleukin-2,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),Fas,and FasL were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay.Relevant mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl2 was evaluated by Real Time Quantitative PCR(RTqPCR)and protein expression of Transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1)and Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog(SMAD)4 was assessed by Western blotting.The HepG2 cell line was treated with 10 mg/mL,20 mg/mL,30 mg/mL,40 mg/mL of MJF,and another 3 groups were treated with TGF-β1 inhibitor(LY364947)and different doses of MJF.Relevant mRNA expression of TNF-α,IFN-γ,Bax and Bcl2 was evaluated by RT-qPCR and protein expression of TGF-β1,SMAD2,p-SMAD2,SMAD4,and SMAD7 was assessed by Western blotting.RESULTS It was shown that MJF improved body weight gain and tumor inhibition rate in H22 tumorbearing mice,protected immune organs and liver function,reduced the HCC indicator AFP,affected immunity and apoptosis,and up-regulated the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway,by increasing the relative expression of TGF-β1,SMAD2,p-SMAD2 and SMAD4 and decreasing SMAD7,reducing immune factors TNF-αand IFN-γ,decreasing apoptosis cytokines Fas,FasL and Bcl2/Bax,and inhibiting the effect of LY364947 in HepG2 cells.CONCLUSION MJF inhibits HCC by activating the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway,and affecting immune and apoptotic cytokines,which may be due to MJF adjusting immune escape and apoptosis.

Mechanism of Huatan Sanjie Fang in improving goiter in Graves'disease mice based on the Hippo signaling pathway

Objective:To explore the mechanism of Huatan Sanjie Fang(HTSJ)in regulating goiter in Graves'disease(GD)mice by detecting key factors of the Hippo signaling pathway.Methods:A mouse model of GD was established by injecting Ad-TSHR289 adenovirus into the bilateral quadriceps femoris of female mice.Successful mouse models were then randomly divided into a model group,methimazole(MMI)group,and HTSJ group,and fed with deionized water,MMI(4.5 mg/kg per day),and HTSJ(35.10 g/kg per day),respectively,for 10 weeks.Histopathological changes of the thyroid gland were subsequently observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Radioimmunoassay was used to detect serum total thyroxine(T4)and thyrotrophin-receptor antibody(TRAb)levels.The relative expression of mRNA of Mst1,YAP,and TAZ were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,while the protein expression of Mst1,YAP,TAZ,pMst1,and pYAP were detected by western blot.Results:After 10 weeks of drug intervention,goiter and other pathological changes in the HTSJ group significantly improved compared with the model group,and the levels of serum T4 and TRAb significantly decreased(P=.002,P<.001,respectively).Decreased mRNA expression of Mst1,YAP,and TAZ,the key factors of the Hippo signaling transduction pathway,was also observed(P=.002,P=.022,P<.001,respectively).In contrast,protein expression of Mst1(P=.046),pMst1(P=.026),and p YAP(P=.004)increased,while protein expression of YAP and TAZ decreased(P=.041,P<.001,respectively).Conclusion:HTSJ can effectively improve goiter in GD mice through the Hippo signaling pathway.

基于FXR-Srebp1c-FAS通路及CD36探讨祛痰活血方抗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的机制

目的 以内源性脂肪酸合成相关法尼醇X受体(farnesoid X receptor,FXR)-固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c(sterol regulatory element-bindingprotein-1c,Srebp1c)-脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)通路及外源性脂肪酸摄入相关的白细胞分化抗原36(cluster of differentiation 36,CD36)为切入点,探讨祛痰活血方抗非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的分子机制。方法 雄性C57BL/6J小鼠,随机分为对照组、模型组、祛痰活血方组和易善复组,每组各10只。模型组、祛痰活血方组和易善复组给予高脂饲料喂养,4周后祛痰活血方组和易善复组开始给药干预,给药8周后取各组小鼠血清用于生化检测;肝组织用于病理、肝脏总胆固醇(cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)含量及FXR、Srebp1c、FAS、CD36基因及蛋白表达的检测。结果 与对照组比较,模型组小鼠体质量、肝质量明显增加(P<0.05);肝组织病理结果及肝脏TC、TG含量的升高(P<0.01)均提示明显脂肪变性;肝组织FXR、Srebp1c的m RNA表达水平,以及CD36的m RNA和蛋白表达均明显上升(P<0.01),FAS蛋白表达下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,祛痰活血组小鼠体质量、肝质量均明显降低(P<0.01);肝组织脂肪变性明显减轻;肝组织中FXR m RNA表达明显升高(P<0.01),Srebp1c、FAS、CD36的m RNA及蛋白表达均明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 外源性脂肪酸摄入增加可能是高脂引起的NAFLD的主要成因,祛痰活血方既抑制外源性脂肪酸摄入,亦减少内源性脂肪酸合成,双向调节改善NAFLD。

论方学渐对王学的修正及其对桐城方氏家族文化的影响

晚明王学末流将王阳明“心体无善恶之说”导向两个路径:一是与释氏空观合流,使士人摆落世事,消解入世热情;二是很多士人将该学说,作为纵情肆欲、不讲是非道德之借口。方学渐学术思想总体是心学立场,但他又是王学修正派。他坚持心体至善说,反对王阳明、王畿“无善无恶心之体”说,其目的是为了纯正社会风俗,维护儒家礼教。他不轻言本体,主张上达即在下学之中,推崇庸德庸言之践履,是王门中的务实派。他主张以道问学辅助尊德性,对王学末流之反知主义是一个纠正。这些思想特点,对桐城方氏族人推尊忠孝节义、重视知识教育都有很大影响,从而形成一种家族风气,成为后世方氏族人立身和写作的灵魂。

“语录不可阑入古文”说的生成及现代省思

唐宋以降,禅宗语录和儒家语录大行于世,流风所及,许多文士在古文写作中也自觉或不自觉地效仿语录形式,或者掺入语录中的常见用语。这种做法相当普遍,但也有不少反对的声音。迄至清代前中期,“语录不可阑入古文”成为一种集体认同。在此过程中,方苞个人思想和文学实践所起的推动作用不容忽视。这一古文观念对于端正学风、维护古文体性、推动清代古文发展起到了积极作用,但它有绝对化的倾向,因而又有其局限性。古文发展的事实证明,在合适的场合适当借鉴、采用语录形式,不仅不会伤害古文之体,相反会给古文的表达带来别样的趣味和效果。

基于数据挖掘探讨《医方类聚·咳嗽门》用药规律

目的 探讨《医方类聚·咳嗽门》中治疗咳嗽病用药规律,为临床提供参考和借鉴。方法 纳入《医方类聚·咳嗽门》所载咳嗽病治疗处方,对方中使用药物的用药频次、性味归经、功效等进行频数统计,对高频药物进行药物类别、关联规则及聚类分析。结果 共纳入方剂1 332首,包括中药378味,药味多在12味以下,高频药物包括甘草、半夏、人参、杏仁、陈皮、茯苓、生姜、五味子等,药性以温性为主,药味以辛、苦、甘味为主,主要归肺经、脾经,功效类别以化痰止咳平喘药及补虚药为主;关联规则共得出2联组合18项,3联组合34项,4联组合3项,多为健脾祛湿、宣肺化痰药物组合,同时得出核心药物组为二陈汤加减,聚类分析得出6个药物组群,具有清肺润肺、理气健脾、燥湿化痰及温阳功效特点。结论 明代以前医家对咳嗽病的处方用药相对精简,以温化为主,润燥合宜,肺脾同治,重视理气化痰。

基于数据挖掘和网络药理学探讨方朝晖教授治疗甲状腺乳头状癌术后的用药经验及作用机制

目的:基于数据挖掘分析和网络药理学探讨方朝晖教授运用中药治疗甲状腺乳头状癌术后的用药经验及作用机制。方法:选取2022年9月—2023年6月方朝晖教授于安徽中医药大学附属第一医院门诊采用中草药治疗的47例甲状腺乳头状癌术后患者的资料进行分析,提取处方中的核心中药、核心处方。获取核心处方中的活性成分,药物作用靶点和疾病相关靶点的交集。总结方朝晖教授治疗甲状腺乳头状癌术后的作用机制。结果:研究共纳入47例患者的中药处方,包含中药种类151种;使用频次>25%的10味中药依次为炙甘草、茯苓、茯神、栀子、当归、白芍、夏枯草等;通过复杂网络图分析,核心处方由炙甘草、茯苓、茯神、栀子、当归、白芍、夏枯草7种药物组成。2种药物的关联中,有3组药物的置信度>80%,支持度>25%;3种药物的关联中,有5组药物的置信度>80%,支持度>15%。筛选得到核心处方治疗甲状腺乳头状癌术后的活性成分115个,交集靶点57个。结论:基于数据挖掘和网络药理学分析发现,方朝晖教授核心处方中的药物可通过多成分、多靶点、多通路抑制甲状腺乳头状癌的复发。

补肾通腑方治疗脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱患者临床疗效

目的探讨补肾通腑方对脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱(NB)患者临床疗效。方法选择浙江省丽水市人民医院2021年8月至2023年8月脊髓损伤后NB患者94例,按治疗方法分为治疗组(47例)与对照组(47例)。对照组采用膀胱功能训练与间歇性无菌导尿治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上结合补肾通腑方治疗。2组治疗疗程4周。比较2组治疗疗效、治疗前后中医证候积分、膀胱容量和残余尿量、日平均单次尿量和日平均排尿次数及生活质量变化。结果治疗组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后气短自汗、面色白、倦怠无力和小便频多积分低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后气短自汗、面色白、倦怠无力和小便频多积分低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后膀胱容量高于治疗前,而残余尿量低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后膀胱容量高于对照组,而残余尿量低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后日平均单次尿量高于治疗前,而日平均排尿次数低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后日平均单次尿量高于对照组,而日平均排尿次数低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后泌尿症状困扰评分(USDS)低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后USDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论补肾通腑方对脊髓损伤后NB患者疗效显著,且可改善患者尿动力学,提高患者生活质量。

陆游诗涉《易》意象及其形象塑造功能

陆游诗歌善用《周易》关联意象,叠加组合以抒怀达志,如通过“床头《周易》”保持心性平和,通过“病观《周易》”疗疾养生,借《易》占筮砥砺人生等。《周易》由此成为陆游坎坷人生尤其是晚年的“精神伴侣”,在追求道德完善、心性调和等内圣化并形成闲适放达人格的过程中,发挥着重要而积极的作用,成为“放翁”形象塑造的主要动因与内核,是古典经籍厚植人文情怀、涵养恢廓人格功能的具体呈现。

文章文法视野下义例、史法、义法之辨析

学者们往往将方苞所谓文章义法等同于经学义例、书法或史法,此观点值得商榷。义例、史法对文章文法的发展都有不同程度的影响,它们都重视大义的书写,也影响到义法说对文章大义指向的重视以及将义与法密切关联的主张。不过,经学大义或史学大义在某种程度上是学者共同认可或遵守的价值观念,而文章大义则往往体现作家个人的学养、精神等等。义例、史法、文章义法也都关注文章写作之“法”,都会考虑书与不书或材料的取舍等问题,但在“法”的内涵和指向上又有明显区别。经学家对书法的分析主要体现在文章字句上,即所谓“一字褒贬”,史法的根本在于对体例的把握;《史通》开启了叙事文法的总结,明人以此为基础,通过《左传》《史记》等的评点使叙事的篇章之法得到充分认识和发展;方苞义法说的提出又以明人为基础,简化明代以来层出不穷的炫目、奇妙之法,主张法的运用随义而变化,更关注最基本的篇章法则,确立了清代文章学的基本走向。

环孢素及雄激素联合中药治疗再生障碍性贫血患者的临床分析

目的 分析环孢素及雄激素联合中药治疗再生障碍性贫血患者的临床效果。方法 选取2019年6月至2023年6月丰城市中医院收治的再生障碍性贫血患者60例进行研究,依据随机数字表法,分为对照组与研究组各30例。对照组给予环孢素及雄激素进行治疗,研究组则在对照组患者基础上联合中药治疗。比对两组患者的治疗有效率,治疗前后的血清炎症因子水平,以及不良反应发生情况。结果 较对照组而言,研究组的治疗有效率更高(P<0.05)。治疗周期结束后,两组的血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、白介素6(IL-6),以及白介素2(IL-2)的指标水平均降低,研究组的上述指标优于对照组(P<0.05);研究组较对照组不良反应发生率低(P<0.05)。结论 环孢素及雄激素联合中药对再生障碍性贫血患者具有较好的治疗效果,可以降低患者血清炎症因子水平,拥有较高的安全性,具有临床推广价值。

降脂脉安方对非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠脂质代谢和炎症反应的影响

目的:探讨降脂脉安方(JZMA)对高脂饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)大鼠的影响及可能的作用机制。方法:53只大鼠中随机取8只作为对照组,其余大鼠为造模组。对照组大鼠予普通饲料喂养,造模组大鼠予高脂饲料喂养进行造模。造模成功后随机取40只NAFLD大鼠,随机分为模型组、易善复组(0.12 g/kg)、降脂脉安方低剂量组(4.95 g/kg)、降脂脉安方中剂量组(9.90 g/kg)、降脂脉安方高剂量组(19.80 g/kg),每组8只。末次给药后,HE染色观察各组肝脏形态学及病理学变化,检测血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHOL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)水平及肝组织TG、CHOL水平,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测肝组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平。实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测肝组织SREBP-1c mRNA、FASN mRNA、SIRT1 mRNA、PTGS2/COX-2 mRNA表达水平,Western blotting法检测肝组织p-AMPK、FASN、SIRT1、PTGS2/COX-2及p-NF-κBp65蛋白表达水平。结果:降脂脉安方中、高剂量组能减轻NAFLD大鼠肝脏脂质沉积,降低血清TG、CHOL、AST、ALT水平,降低肝组织TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平。降脂脉安方中、高剂量组能提高NAFLD大鼠肝脏p-AMPK的蛋白表达水平,降低SREBP-1c、FASN及p-NF-κB-p65蛋白表达水平。结论:降脂脉安方对NAFLD大鼠血脂水平具有一定的调节作用,对高脂血症引起的肝功能损伤具有改善作用,且可能通过激活AMPK通路调控肝脏脂质代谢及抑制NF-κB活性减轻肝细胞炎症反应,缓解NAFLD进程。

隐于书院:一种“中间状态”的出处选择——以元末徽州士人赵汸和郑玉为中心

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