An increasing number of marine aquaculture facilities have been placed in shallow bays and open sea,which might significantly affect hydrodynamic and solute transport processes in marine aquaculture waters.In this stu...An increasing number of marine aquaculture facilities have been placed in shallow bays and open sea,which might significantly affect hydrodynamic and solute transport processes in marine aquaculture waters.In this study,a coupled hydrodynamic and solute transport model was developed with high-resolution schemes in marine aquaculture waters based on depth-averaged shallow water equations.A new expression of drag force was incorporated into the momentum equations to express the resistance of suspended culture cages.The coupled model was used to simulate the effect of suspended structures on tidal currents and the movement of a contaminant cloud in the marine aquaculture of the North Yellow Sea,China.The simulation results showed a low-velocity area appearing inside the aquaculture cage area,with a maximum reduction rate of velocity close to 45%under high-density culture.The results also showed that tidal currents were sensitive to the density of suspended cages,the length of cages,and the drag coefficients of cages.The transport processes of pollutants inside aquaculture facilities were inhibited away from the vicinity of the culture cage area because of the diminished tidal currents.Therefore,the suspended cages significantly affected the transport processes of pollutants in the coastal aquaculture waters.Furthermore,the reduced horizontal velocity significantly decreased the food supply for the aquaculture areas from the surrounding sea.展开更多
A growing increase in the world’s population and a gradual decline in poverty necessitate a search for new sources of protein in order to guarantee food security. Aquaculture has been identified as a potential sector...A growing increase in the world’s population and a gradual decline in poverty necessitate a search for new sources of protein in order to guarantee food security. Aquaculture has been identified as a potential sector capable of meeting the requirements for increased protein production without making excessive demands on the ecosystem. Although water makes up 70% of the earth’s surface, aquaculture cannot feasibly be practised everywhere;it requires a unique set of natural, social and economic resources to be managed in an environmentally responsible way. Finding suitable sites for aquaculture is becoming an ever increasing problem in the development of the sector as precautions need to be taken in setting up sites to ensure appropriate environmental characteristics exist and that good water quality can be maintained. Additionally, the effects of aquaculture on coastal and inland resources must be clearly determined to implement policies and regulatory frameworks to control its impact. Marine cage farming is gaining momentum, specifically in the Mediterranean and Black Sea coastal regions. For these sites to be further developed there is a need to minimize the effects on the environment and conflicts with other coastal users. To this aim the concept of allocated zones for aquaculture (AZA) is being adopted to provide specific areas for marine aquaculture to avoid environmental degradation. When choosing an (AZA) suitable site, it is vital to calculate ‘carrying capacity’ to reduce the risks and to protect the marine ecosystems. In this study the MERAMOD model was used to investigate the carrying capacity of marine fish farms. Modelling offers the possibility to simulate and predict the environmental impact of fish farms.展开更多
In the training of aquaculture professionals,there are problems such as unreasonable structure of teachers,unclear understanding of aquaculture by parents and students,poor practical ability of students,lack of grass-...In the training of aquaculture professionals,there are problems such as unreasonable structure of teachers,unclear understanding of aquaculture by parents and students,poor practical ability of students,lack of grass-roots aquaculture talents,and imperfect multi-party cooperation training mechanism.In view of the above situation,the training mode of applied talents in aquaculture needs to be reformed and innovated.In this paper,some measures to establish the training mode of aquaculture professionals were proposed,including strengthening students’correct understanding of the major,improving the curriculum system for cultivating applied talents,establishing a training model for practical teaching,improving the practical ability of teachers,increasing the provision of high-quality educational resources,and adopting school-enterprise cooperation,so as to cultivate high-quality and high-tech aquatic talents under the training mechanism of applied talents.展开更多
Marine fishery plays an essential role in promoting the employment of labor force,ensuring food safety,promoting the construction of ecological civilization and safeguarding the maritime rights and interests. The deve...Marine fishery plays an essential role in promoting the employment of labor force,ensuring food safety,promoting the construction of ecological civilization and safeguarding the maritime rights and interests. The development of marine fishery is of great significance. This paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems of marine fishery in China and came up with some pertinent recommendations and measures. The area of marine fishery with authentic right is increasing year by year,and pelagic fishery constantly grows and the industrial structure is becoming more and more reasonable. However,there are still problems such as serious pollution of marine environment,frequent occurrence of marine disasters,shrinking space of fishery development,which seriously affect healthy development of the marine fishery. In this situation,it came up with recommendations including strengthening monitoring of marine fishery resources and protection of marine environment,optimizing the industrial structure,and raising the scientific and technological level of marine fisheries,to protect the sustainable development of marine fishery. It is expected to provide references for the development of marine fishery in China.展开更多
Purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) are well known for their ability in transforming organic substrates for their own source of nutrients. The nutritional values of leafy vegetable waste could be improved through biocon...Purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) are well known for their ability in transforming organic substrates for their own source of nutrients. The nutritional values of leafy vegetable waste could be improved through bioconversion with PNSB. This study was conducted to access nutritional status of leafy vegetable waste bio-converted product and efficacy of derived product as aquaculture feed supplement. Proximate compositions of bio-converted leafy vegetable wastes were improved after 6 days with 30% inoculums of Afifella marina strain ME (KC205142). The crude proteins (%) and ashes (%) in derived product was increased to 51.7% and 19.6% respectively. On the other hand, the fiber (%) in the bio-converted derived product was decreased by 21%. During feeding trial in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), no significant differences were observed in the feed intake (g/fish/day), but significant differences were observed in the value of feed conversion ratio and weight gain (%) among the used diets. However, lower ingestion rate (g/d/fish) and better feed conversion ratio were obtained while fishes were fed with diet composed of commercial feed mixed with 5% of the bio-converted product. The higher ingestion rate (g/d/fish) and lower feed conversion ratio were observed with only commercial diet. There observed no significant differences in the ingestion rate (g/d/fish) and FCR values among the diet composed of commercial feed with 5% (D5) and 10% (D10) of the bio-converted product. The derived bio-converted product can be a promising approach to open new market segment in aquafeed industry.展开更多
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) returns to rivers in Ireland have fallen in the last decade resulting in the dramatic closure or curtailment of traditional fisheries. Concerns that stocks were slow to recover prompted f...Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) returns to rivers in Ireland have fallen in the last decade resulting in the dramatic closure or curtailment of traditional fisheries. Concerns that stocks were slow to recover prompted further investigation of all factors believed to impact on salmon. In examining geographic and temporal trends in Atlantic salmon stock abundance at a River Basin District level, the effect of salmon aquaculture sites and freshwater habitat quality as potential drivers of stock abundance are evaluated. This study found no correlation between the presence of aquaculture and the performance of adjacent wild salmon stocks. Freshwater habitat quality was found to have a highly significant correlation with stock status, suggesting that it may be a key driver, implicated in the survival of individual stocks.展开更多
Marine aquaculture in semi-enclosed bays can significantly influence nutrient cycling in coastal ecosystems.However,the impact of marine aquaculture on the dynamics of dissimilatory nitrate reduction processes(DNRPs)a...Marine aquaculture in semi-enclosed bays can significantly influence nutrient cycling in coastal ecosystems.However,the impact of marine aquaculture on the dynamics of dissimilatory nitrate reduction processes(DNRPs)and the fate of reactive nitrogen remain poorly understood.In this study,the rates of DNRPs and the abundances of related functional genes were investigated in aquaculture and non-aquaculture areas.The results showed that marine aquaculture significantly increased the denitrification(DNF)and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium(DNRA)rates and decreased the rate of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANA),as compared with non-aquaculture sites.DNF was the dominant pathway contributing to the total nitrate reduction,and its contribution to the total nitrate reduction significantly increased from 66.72%at non-aquaculture sites to 78.50%at aquaculture sites.Marine aquaculture can significantly affect the physicochemical characteristics of sediment and the abundances of related functional genes,leading to variations in the nitrate reduction rates.Although nitrate removal rates increased in the marine aquaculture area,ammonification rates and the nitrogen retention index in the aquaculture areas were 2.19 and 1.24 times,respectively,higher than those at non-aquaculture sites.Net reactive nitrogen retention exceeded nitrogen removal in the aquaculture area,and the retained reactive nitrogen could diffuse with the tidal current to the entire bay,thereby aggravating N pollution in the entire study area.These results show that marine aquaculture is the dominant source of nitrogen pollution in semi-enclosed bays.This study can provide insights into nitrogen pollution control in semi-enclosed bays with well-developed marine aquaculture.展开更多
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grants No.51879028 and U21A20155)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC1407704)+1 种基金the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology(Grant No.LP2009)the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project(Grant No.2021JJ11CG001)。
文摘An increasing number of marine aquaculture facilities have been placed in shallow bays and open sea,which might significantly affect hydrodynamic and solute transport processes in marine aquaculture waters.In this study,a coupled hydrodynamic and solute transport model was developed with high-resolution schemes in marine aquaculture waters based on depth-averaged shallow water equations.A new expression of drag force was incorporated into the momentum equations to express the resistance of suspended culture cages.The coupled model was used to simulate the effect of suspended structures on tidal currents and the movement of a contaminant cloud in the marine aquaculture of the North Yellow Sea,China.The simulation results showed a low-velocity area appearing inside the aquaculture cage area,with a maximum reduction rate of velocity close to 45%under high-density culture.The results also showed that tidal currents were sensitive to the density of suspended cages,the length of cages,and the drag coefficients of cages.The transport processes of pollutants inside aquaculture facilities were inhibited away from the vicinity of the culture cage area because of the diminished tidal currents.Therefore,the suspended cages significantly affected the transport processes of pollutants in the coastal aquaculture waters.Furthermore,the reduced horizontal velocity significantly decreased the food supply for the aquaculture areas from the surrounding sea.
文摘A growing increase in the world’s population and a gradual decline in poverty necessitate a search for new sources of protein in order to guarantee food security. Aquaculture has been identified as a potential sector capable of meeting the requirements for increased protein production without making excessive demands on the ecosystem. Although water makes up 70% of the earth’s surface, aquaculture cannot feasibly be practised everywhere;it requires a unique set of natural, social and economic resources to be managed in an environmentally responsible way. Finding suitable sites for aquaculture is becoming an ever increasing problem in the development of the sector as precautions need to be taken in setting up sites to ensure appropriate environmental characteristics exist and that good water quality can be maintained. Additionally, the effects of aquaculture on coastal and inland resources must be clearly determined to implement policies and regulatory frameworks to control its impact. Marine cage farming is gaining momentum, specifically in the Mediterranean and Black Sea coastal regions. For these sites to be further developed there is a need to minimize the effects on the environment and conflicts with other coastal users. To this aim the concept of allocated zones for aquaculture (AZA) is being adopted to provide specific areas for marine aquaculture to avoid environmental degradation. When choosing an (AZA) suitable site, it is vital to calculate ‘carrying capacity’ to reduce the risks and to protect the marine ecosystems. In this study the MERAMOD model was used to investigate the carrying capacity of marine fish farms. Modelling offers the possibility to simulate and predict the environmental impact of fish farms.
基金Supported by the Provincial Featured Key Disciplines of Fishery Science for General Colleges and Universities in Hainan Province(Qiongjiaogao[2021]No.148)。
文摘In the training of aquaculture professionals,there are problems such as unreasonable structure of teachers,unclear understanding of aquaculture by parents and students,poor practical ability of students,lack of grass-roots aquaculture talents,and imperfect multi-party cooperation training mechanism.In view of the above situation,the training mode of applied talents in aquaculture needs to be reformed and innovated.In this paper,some measures to establish the training mode of aquaculture professionals were proposed,including strengthening students’correct understanding of the major,improving the curriculum system for cultivating applied talents,establishing a training model for practical teaching,improving the practical ability of teachers,increasing the provision of high-quality educational resources,and adopting school-enterprise cooperation,so as to cultivate high-quality and high-tech aquatic talents under the training mechanism of applied talents.
文摘Marine fishery plays an essential role in promoting the employment of labor force,ensuring food safety,promoting the construction of ecological civilization and safeguarding the maritime rights and interests. The development of marine fishery is of great significance. This paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems of marine fishery in China and came up with some pertinent recommendations and measures. The area of marine fishery with authentic right is increasing year by year,and pelagic fishery constantly grows and the industrial structure is becoming more and more reasonable. However,there are still problems such as serious pollution of marine environment,frequent occurrence of marine disasters,shrinking space of fishery development,which seriously affect healthy development of the marine fishery. In this situation,it came up with recommendations including strengthening monitoring of marine fishery resources and protection of marine environment,optimizing the industrial structure,and raising the scientific and technological level of marine fisheries,to protect the sustainable development of marine fishery. It is expected to provide references for the development of marine fishery in China.
文摘Purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) are well known for their ability in transforming organic substrates for their own source of nutrients. The nutritional values of leafy vegetable waste could be improved through bioconversion with PNSB. This study was conducted to access nutritional status of leafy vegetable waste bio-converted product and efficacy of derived product as aquaculture feed supplement. Proximate compositions of bio-converted leafy vegetable wastes were improved after 6 days with 30% inoculums of Afifella marina strain ME (KC205142). The crude proteins (%) and ashes (%) in derived product was increased to 51.7% and 19.6% respectively. On the other hand, the fiber (%) in the bio-converted derived product was decreased by 21%. During feeding trial in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), no significant differences were observed in the feed intake (g/fish/day), but significant differences were observed in the value of feed conversion ratio and weight gain (%) among the used diets. However, lower ingestion rate (g/d/fish) and better feed conversion ratio were obtained while fishes were fed with diet composed of commercial feed mixed with 5% of the bio-converted product. The higher ingestion rate (g/d/fish) and lower feed conversion ratio were observed with only commercial diet. There observed no significant differences in the ingestion rate (g/d/fish) and FCR values among the diet composed of commercial feed with 5% (D5) and 10% (D10) of the bio-converted product. The derived bio-converted product can be a promising approach to open new market segment in aquafeed industry.
文摘Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) returns to rivers in Ireland have fallen in the last decade resulting in the dramatic closure or curtailment of traditional fisheries. Concerns that stocks were slow to recover prompted further investigation of all factors believed to impact on salmon. In examining geographic and temporal trends in Atlantic salmon stock abundance at a River Basin District level, the effect of salmon aquaculture sites and freshwater habitat quality as potential drivers of stock abundance are evaluated. This study found no correlation between the presence of aquaculture and the performance of adjacent wild salmon stocks. Freshwater habitat quality was found to have a highly significant correlation with stock status, suggesting that it may be a key driver, implicated in the survival of individual stocks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.41730646,41761144062,91851111,41671007,41501524 and 41971105)the Chinese National Key Programs for Fundamental Research and Development(Nos.2016YFE0133700,and 2016YFA0600904)。
文摘Marine aquaculture in semi-enclosed bays can significantly influence nutrient cycling in coastal ecosystems.However,the impact of marine aquaculture on the dynamics of dissimilatory nitrate reduction processes(DNRPs)and the fate of reactive nitrogen remain poorly understood.In this study,the rates of DNRPs and the abundances of related functional genes were investigated in aquaculture and non-aquaculture areas.The results showed that marine aquaculture significantly increased the denitrification(DNF)and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium(DNRA)rates and decreased the rate of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANA),as compared with non-aquaculture sites.DNF was the dominant pathway contributing to the total nitrate reduction,and its contribution to the total nitrate reduction significantly increased from 66.72%at non-aquaculture sites to 78.50%at aquaculture sites.Marine aquaculture can significantly affect the physicochemical characteristics of sediment and the abundances of related functional genes,leading to variations in the nitrate reduction rates.Although nitrate removal rates increased in the marine aquaculture area,ammonification rates and the nitrogen retention index in the aquaculture areas were 2.19 and 1.24 times,respectively,higher than those at non-aquaculture sites.Net reactive nitrogen retention exceeded nitrogen removal in the aquaculture area,and the retained reactive nitrogen could diffuse with the tidal current to the entire bay,thereby aggravating N pollution in the entire study area.These results show that marine aquaculture is the dominant source of nitrogen pollution in semi-enclosed bays.This study can provide insights into nitrogen pollution control in semi-enclosed bays with well-developed marine aquaculture.