Inquiry into Problems of Farmers' Employment under the Condition of Land Transfer

This paper emphasizes the urgency of solving the problems of farmers' employment under the condition of land transfer,indicating that solving the problems of farmers' employment is the necessary requirement of land transfer,the actual requirement of constructing well-off society comprehensively,and the objective requirement of transforming developmental model.The characteristics of the problems of farmers' employment under the condition of land transfer are as follows:the rural surplus labor forces increase,and the ubiquitous unemployment is urgent;the employment room of farmers is narrow,and the structural unemployment is serious;the ability of farmers' employment is poor,and recessive unemployment has a large proportion;the situation of farmers' employment is not so sanguine,and the policy unemployment is frequent.This paper points out the causes of farmers' employment problems under the situation of land transfer as follows:in terms of analysis of subjective factors,farmers' self-employment ability is yet to be underpinned;in terms of analysis of objective factors,the relevant mechanism of government is unsound.Finally,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward as follows:establish the mechanism of farmer traceability analysis under the condition of land transfer;strengthen the training of farmers' skills;reinforce the publicity and education of farmers' employment concept;promote the process of urbanization and construct the employment vehicle of farmers;adjust the industrial structure in rural areas and expand the internal employment in rural areas;improve macro regulation and improve the employment environment for farmers.

Countermeasure Research on Problems Impeding Farmers’ Successful Entrepreneurship in Minority Areas

By investigating the problem of farmers’ entrepreneurship in Gongcheng Yaozu Autonomous County,lying in Guilin,Guangxi,the thesis expounds the existing problems impacting farmers’ successful entrepreneurship in minority areas as follows:firstly,the musty idea of local cadre is obstacle to farmers’ successful entrepreneurship;secondly,the problems of scattered farmers’ entrepreneurship resources,waste and shortage of resources impact good effect of entrepreneurship;thirdly,farmers lack awareness of characteristics and brand,influencing the market competitiveness of products;fourthly,the existence of smallholder consciousness critically hampers the marketization and internationalization of entrepreneurship accomplishments;fifthly,the government pays no attention to the construction of industrial chain,which makes farmers’ entrepreneurship lack sustainability.Based on these,corresponding countermeasures are put forward to promote farmers’ successful entrepreneurship in minority areas as follows:firstly,we should update local leaders’ ideas and emphasize the positive role of farmers’ successful entrepreneurship in county economic development;secondly,we should integrate local entrepreneurship resources and promote the efficiency of farmers’ entrepreneurship;thirdly,we should foster the consciousness of brand and characteristics and strengthen the market competitiveness of entrepreneurship accomplishments;fourthly,we should strengthen the construction of industrial chain to promote sustainable development of farmers’ entrepreneurship.

黑龙江省林甸县奶牛养殖户发展问题及对策研究

奶牛是最为常见畜牧养殖产业中的养殖品种之一,近年,随着经济的进步和“奶业振兴”的发展,奶牛养殖场在林甸县市场逐渐扩大,奶牛养殖户也随之增多,奶牛数量增加明显。但是,奶牛养殖户的效益因为市场各种综合因素的制约而降低,让很多奶牛养殖户束手无策。该文以“林甸县奶牛养殖户”作为研究对象,剖析制约林甸县奶牛养殖户发展的因素,并提出相应的建议,以期为林甸县奶牛养殖户的发展提供参考。

从问题视角到优势视角:继续教育防止脱贫农户返贫研究的视角转换及其实现

以怎样的视角看待脱贫农户、解释他们的环境与状况,决定着乡村振兴阶段防止返贫的帮扶方案,关系着贫困治理的具体举措。以问题视角分析贫困问题存在明显认识上的局限,缘于“问题”重新解读发展而来的优势视角,更能在贫困治理中唤醒脱贫农户的主体性。在视角转变中,继续教育促进脱贫农户从“帮扶对象”的求助转变为“发展主体”的自救,激励农户用优势视角彻底走出贫穷困境。为进一步巩固脱贫攻坚成果、防止脱贫农户返贫,未来继续教育应基于优势视角,进行群体聚焦以明确主体优势、完善体系建设以挖掘政策优势、开展内容提质以培育能力优势、不断优化供给以打造环境优势。

乡村振兴中的农民问题与政府应对

“三农”问题尤其是农民问题是关涉国计民生的根本性问题,新发展阶段的乡村振兴要以农民为中心,着力解决农业农村现代化发展中的农民问题。以农民为中心是乡村振兴的核心要义,它要求乡村振兴战略的实施不仅要充分尊重农民的意愿,最大程度地维护农民的权益,而且政府要履行为农民服务的角色,为乡村振兴掌好舵、划好桨。再者,新发展阶段的乡村振兴还要站在农民立场上,促进农民与自然、城市、市民以及农民自身的友好,努力让农民过上更加美好的生活。

乡村振兴视角下农民政治素养提升研究

乡村振兴视角下提升农民政治素养意义重大,农民政治素养提升是乡村振兴的必由之路,也是社会主义精神文明的必然要求,同时有利于农民政治能力提升。针对农民政治参与意识缺乏、基层组织号召力弱等问题,基于农村地区的现有态势,该文给出农民政治素养提升的对策,即夯实农村地区的物质基础、加强基层组织建设、营造全民学习型农村氛围等举措,提升农民政治素养,以期更好地推进乡村振兴战略贯彻落实。

乡村振兴背景下新型职业农民培训现状与改进措施——以镇江市丹阳市为例

培训新型职业农民是乡村人才振兴的必然选择,有助于丰富农民的农业知识、提高农民的农业技能水平及综合素质。基于此,本研究详细介绍了丹阳市新型职业农民培训的现状和培训成效,指出了丹阳市农民培训过程中存在农民队伍文化素质整体不高、培训对象年龄结构偏大及培训和评估手段单一等问题,提出了丹阳市新型职业农民培训的整改措施,如加强组织管理,健全培训机制;线上服务、线下培训齐发力;多方位宣传发动,营造培训氛围;强化监督检查,规范培训管理等。研究结果表明,通过积极研究新型职业农民培训内容、拓展培训形式、探索培训评估方法,有助于构建出一套符合农民文化层次、能让农民更好接受的培训体系,为我国的新型职业农民培训工作添砖加瓦,助力乡村振兴。

新制度背景下农民专业合作社会计核算现状及问题研究——基于黑龙江省铁力市的调研

农民专业合作社是发展农村经济的重要载体,能够有效整合乡村资源,助力乡村振兴,但是,社员和财务人员专业水平有限,导致会计核算问题较为突出。为此,文章以新施行的会计制度为背景,采用对比分析的方法,以铁力市农民专业合作社为对象进行会计核算研究。文章调研分析发现,农民专业合作社对修订后的制度运用仍处于初期阶段,还存在会计科目使用不恰当、财务报表编制不准确和会计工作不规范等问题。最后基于发现的问题展开成因分析,进而提出有针对性的对策建议。

恩格斯农民利益问题研究——基于《法德农民问题》文本分析

《法德农民问题》是恩格斯晚年在对农民问题深刻认识的基础之上形成的具有代表性的理论著作。恩格斯从农民的数量和地位、无产阶级政党自身利益以及社会生产力发展三个方面阐述了农民利益问题的重要性。同时,恩格斯批判了《南特纲领》中保护小土地私有制、保护剥削短工、联合农村生产的一切成分、制定政策不符合农民实际这些损害农民利益的行为,并提出了改变原有封建生产关系,实行生产资料公有制;坚守农民立场,反对剥削雇佣劳动;加强教育引导,建立巩固的工农联盟;尊重农民意愿,制定符合农民实际的政策;加强物质帮扶,发挥农民主体作用的对策。这些内容对于新时期提高对农民利益问题重要性的认识、坚持生产资料公有制、巩固新时代工农联盟、制定符合农民实际的政策、加大国家帮扶力度具有极为重要的现实启示。

Link-up between Farmers and Supermarket based on China's Fresh Agricultural Products

Link-up between farmers and supermarket is a new move adopted actively by the current government, conducive to consumers, farmers and circulation enterprises. At present, link-up between farmers and supermarket is launched in China's 15 provinces and cities, which will set off the revolution in the field of agricultural circulation. Based on the current situation of link-up between farmers and supermarket and the existing problems, we put forth the following recommendations: promoting the quality of farmers' cooperative organizations; establishing the logistics center of fresh agricultural products; using economies of scale to reduce the fresh logistics costs; improving the operation and management level of fresh agricultural products in supermarket.

Farmer Labor Service Export from Heilongjiang Province to Russia

As contiguous area to Russia, Heilongjiang Province takes advantage of geography and resource superiority to promote the export of farmer labor services to Russia in recent years with trading cooperation between China and Russia. This paper briefly introduced the present situation of the export of farmer labor services from Heilongjiang Province to Russia. Under the background of Russian Far East economic development and development of ＂large agriculture＂ in Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Province would continue to increase labor export to Russia. Then, the paper analyzed the problems of the export of farmer labor services and gave some proposals accordingly. At last, the result showed that well-organized and reasonable farmer labor export to Russia could play a role to the agricultural modernization and urbanization development.

The Problems of Coordinating Urban-rural Development of Chongqing City and Corresponding Measures of Financial System

The thesis researches urban-rural coordination which is incorporated into the framework of "agriculture,rural areas and farmers",and it focuses on farmers' human resources development,agricultural industrial adjustment,rural regional coordinated development and so on.The main problems existing in the process of coordinating urban-rural development of Chongqing City are discussed under the foregoing framework.We find that input and flow direction of capital deviating from "agriculture,rural areas and farmers" is the direct cause of insufficient rural educational input,insufficient agricultural input,and irrational rural input,while the fundamental reason lies in the irrational financial policy.Based on this,the measures of innovating upon financial policy and financial system are put forward.

新型职业农民培育现状和实现路径探析

随着新农村建设不断发展,新型职业农民的作用越来越突出。因此,从新型职业农民的内涵开始,到新型职业农民目前在我国面临的培育现状分析,及最后的实现路径探究,展示了新型职业农民在新农村建设过程中所遇到的瓶颈和未来的发展趋势。

城镇化背景下失地渔农民文化生活质量研究

由于城镇化发展,在生产、生活方式被迫改变的情况下,失地渔农民原有的部分文化生活被迫中断。在政府补偿和集中安置下,在身份上,失地渔农民转变为城市居民,但是其现有的文化生活非常有限,无法与新居民的经济生活、住宿环境、文化生活诉求相匹配。从文化生活质量方面进行研究,建设失地渔农民高质量的文化生活,具有积极的现实意义。

高素质农民人才培育中存在的问题与对策

文章立足于环江毛南族自治县的本地实际,分析高素质农民培育进程中存在的人才需求问题,并提出解决方式,对于乡村振兴战略进一步发挥作用有着高度的必要性与紧迫性。

昌图县高素质农民培育探讨

乡村振兴的关键因素在于人才,培育一批“有文化、懂技术、善经营、善管理”的高素质农民队伍是推进乡村振兴的必要手段。结合昌图县高素质农民教育培训实际出发,分析当前高素质农民培育遇到的问题,从制定合适培训方案、遴选优秀培训机构、打造高素质师资队伍、吸纳更多学员等方面提出解决措施。

乡村振兴背景下高素质农民培养主流模式及其问题分析

随着乡村振兴战略的实施,高素质农民的培养成为实现农村现代化的重要任务。该文以乡村振兴为背景,提出高素质农民的定义,即有文化、懂技术、善经营、会管理的农民才能成为高素质农民;探讨高素质农民培养的4种主流模式,并分析其中存在的问题。通过深入研究和综合分析,该文提出一些改进和完善的建议,并提出健全培训机构、确保培育质量、创新培育方式、强化培育监管等4种高素质农民培养工作机制,将高素质农民的培养与乡村振兴有机结合。

乡村振兴下高素质农民培育学徒制探索研究

乡村振兴战略实施的核心是人才振兴,有人方可兴。高素质农民培育可以为乡村振兴提供人才支持。该文从分析乡村振兴视域下学徒制应用于高素质农民培育的必要性出发,总结出高素质农民培育学徒制发展可能面临的问题,高素质农民对于现代学徒制的认识存在偏差、缺少高素质农民培育学徒制开展的设备和师资、高素质农民培育学徒制开展实训效果难达预期。据此,给出乡村振兴视域下完善高素质农民培育学徒制的建议。

主成分分析与熵值法综合评价云南省乡村振兴发展水平

实施乡村振兴战略有利于解决我国长久以来的“三农”问题。本文以乡村振兴战略五大基本内容为一级指标,以粮食总产量等20项具体内容为二级指标构建评价体系,并分别采用主成分分析和熵值法测算云南省乡村振兴综合发展水平,进一步采用加权秩和比法测算出Level数值并进行归档。结果显示,两种评价方法下的RSR拟合值存在轻微差异,但最终的分档等级是一致的。具体表现为:2011年云南省乡村发展水平存在小幅回落,但整体呈现稳步上升态势;从2019年起,乡村振兴整体水平开始大幅上升,表明我国2017年提出的乡村振兴战略对云南省农村地区的发展产生了积极的推动力。

《法德农民问题》中农民工作的原则论及其现实启示

《法德农民问题》是恩格斯晚年思考农民工作问题的纲领性著作,是马克思主义农民理论以及无产阶级革命诸问题的重要组成部分。恩格斯通过对农民社会地位、阶级分层以及命运出路的分析,以法德两国为例具体阐述了社会主义政党农民工作的六项基本原则:自愿性原则、长期性原则、诚实性原则、帮助性原则、特殊性原则以及教育性原则。这些原则相互联系、内在贯通,体现了科学社会主义的基本要求,对指导新时期的农民工作具有重要的现实启示。