Researching the Impact of the Quality of Village Governance on Farmers’Well-Being:From the Perspectives of Income and Occupational Differentiation

The goal of village governance is to improve the well-being of farmers,so this study aims to measure the impact the quality of village governance on the well-being of farmers.It also examines the heterogeneity of this impact across different farmer groups from the perspectives of income levels and occupational differentiation.To this end,this study developed an indicator system based on survey data collected from 1,442 farmers in the Sichuan,Shaanxi,and Gansu provinces,as well as the Ningxia Hui autonomous region.Multiple linear regression models were then used to analyze this data,and the findings revealed that improvements in the quality of village governance significantly increased the well-being of farmers.Specifically,primary-level empowerment and capacity building were shown to contribute the most to the enhancement of the farmers’well-being,followed by social inclusion,and social cohesion was found to have only a minimal effect.In terms of income levels,improving the quality of village governance benefited middle-income farmers the most,followed by low-income farmers,and it had the least effect on high-income farmers.In terms of occupations,full-time farmers gained the most from improvements in the quality of village governance,followed by off-farm farmers,with part-time farmers benefiting the least.Based on these findings,this study suggests that policymakers should improve the quality of village governance to enhance the well-being of farmers,focusing on the impact that level of income and occupational differentiation have on village governance.

Evaluation Model for Scientific Quality Based on Rough Sets and Its Empirical Study

By analyzing the questionnaires recollected from 74 different government departments in Chengdu, China, an evaluation model for scientific quality of civil servants was developed with the rough set theory. In the empirical study, a series of important rules were given to help to check and forecast the degree of the scientific quality of civil servants by using the reduction algorithm, and the total accuracy of prediction was 93.2%.

The Impact of Quality of Labor on Farmers' Agricultural Production Benefits:A Case Study of Anyang City

In recent years,the Central Document No.1 has been all about the issues concerning agriculture,countryside and farmers,and especially the Central Document No.1 in 2013 highlighted the improvement of quality of the rural labor force to develop modern agriculture.The quality of labor is related to the improvement of production efficiency,and farmers' agricultural production benefits are related to the issues concerning agriculture,countryside and farmers,ultimately affecting the development process of modern agriculture.On the theoretical basis of human capital,this article carries out empirical analysis,calculates the farmers' agricultural production benefits,and analyzes the specific impact of quality of labor on farmers' agricultural production benefits.Finally,some recommendations are put forth to increase farmers' income.

Analytic Methods for Quality Control of Scientific Publications Part VI: Presentation in Research Gate, Journal Indexing, and Recognition

In the world of science, recognition of scientific performance is strongly correlated with publication visibility and interest generated among other researchers, which is evident by downloads and citations. A published paper’s number of downloads and citations are the best indices of its importance and are useful measures of the researchers’ performance. However, the published paper should be valuated and indexed independently, and the prestige of the journal in which it is published should not influence the value of the paper itself. By participating in and presenting at congresses and international meetings, scientists strongly increase the visibility of their results and recognition of their research;this also promotes their publications. Status in Research Gate (RG), the so-called RG Score, the Percentile, and the h-index give researchers feedback about their performance, or their place and prestige within the scientific community. RG has become an excellent tool for disseminating scientific results and connecting researchers worldwide. RG also allows researchers to present achievements other than publications (e.g., membership in recognized associations such as the American Chemist Society, a biography in Marquis Who’s Who in the World, awards received, and/or ongoing projects). This paper discusses questions regarding how the RG Score, Percentile, and h-index are calculated, whether these methods are correct, and alternative criteria. RG also lists papers with falsified results and the journals that publish them. Thus, it may be appropriate to reduce the indices for such journals, authors, and the institutions with which these authors are affiliated.

Correlation between Employment Quality and Skill Training of Land-expropriated Farmers

Based on field survey,an empirical analysis was made on the correlation between employment quality and skill training of landexpropriated farmers. The analysis indicated that there are differences in employment opportunity,employment sector,employment ability,wage income and employment stability between land-expropriated farmers. Besides,though skill training,it is feasible to effectively improve employment quality of land-expropriated farmers. The skill training exerts a significant effect on employment and urban adaptation of land-expropriated farmers. The mode of skill training promoting employment quality was proposed. Skill training can raise human resource level of land-expropriated farmers,and increase their labor and employment skills,to help them realize regular employment and smoothly become citizens. For fund sources for skill training,government and land expropriation unit should bring into play active role. And skill training should be undertaken under the guidance of government and support of land expropriation unit.

Advantages,Difficulties and Countermeasures of Farmers’ Professional Cooperatives Guaranteeing the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products

Food safety concerns the health of consumers,while quality and safety of agricultural products are the source of food safety,and it is of great significance to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products.The decentralized production mode of Chinese farmers is the main threat to the source of food production safety in China.In this paper,the advantages of Chinese farmers'professional cooperatives in controlling quality of agricultural products and difficulties in the quality and safety assurance of agricultural products are analyzed.Finally,the guaranteeing measures of the quality and safety of agricultural products by Chinese farmers'professional cooperatives are proposed.

Evaluation of Farmers' Working Quality in Jilin Province on the Basis of AHP

In terms of the working quality of agricultural production and the working quality of non-agricultural production, the evaluation index system of the working quality of farmers is established. By using integrated fuzzy method based on AHP, we determine the weight of each index, and establish membership matrix of this evaluation index system. Taking Jilin Province as an example, we select developed regions, underdeveloped regions and comparatively developed regions respectively to conduct survey. By using the data from survey, according to the established evaluation index system, we conduct empirical analysis of the working quality of farmers. The results show that the working quality of farmers in the developed regions is relatively high, the working quality of farmers in the comparatively developed regions is ordinary, and the working quality of farmers in the underdeveloped regions is relatively low; the physical quality, educational quality and technological quality of farmers in the developed regions are high; the operation quality of agricultural production of farmers in the underdeveloped regions is high; the operation quality of non-agricultural production of farmers in the comparatively developed regions is high; the working quality of agricultural production of farmers in the comparatively developed regions and underdeveloped regions is higher than the working quality of non-agricultural production of farmers in the comparatively developed regions and underdeveloped regions; the working quality of non-agricultural industries of farmers in the developed regions is higher than the working quality of agricultural production. The urgent priority of constructing new village is to coordinate urban-rural development, and to offer preferential policies and capital for the villages with backward economic development level.

Bottleneck of Farmers' Quality in New Socialist Countryside Construction and Countermeasures

We analyzed problems of farmers' quality in the new socialist countryside construction,including low educational level,poor specialized skills,and low ideological and ethical quality.These problems become bottleneck of the socialist countryside construction.In view of these problems,we put forward following countermeasures:speeding up urbanization development,consolidating rural basic education,strengthening rural vocational education,and developing new approaches to improve farmers' ideological and ethical quality.

Analysis on the Guarantee for the Quality Safety of Agricultural Products by the Farmer Professional Cooperative

Decentralized production model of small peasant household is main threat for China food safety source. By using the advantage of farmer professional cooperative in controlling the quality of agricultural products,its dilemma at the guarantee aspect of agricultural product quality safety is analyzed,and the guaranteeing measures of farmer professional cooperative for quality safety of agricultural products are proposed,which has an important significance for improving quality safety of agricultural products.

Sustainable Potato Production in the Mountain Area of Ecuador, an Approach to Increase Productivity with Small Scale Farmers

Ecuador potato crop is family based production system. Potato production has two roles in their economy, the first is providing food for their families and the second is a source of income for the household. However small scale farmers have limited access to local markets and most of the sales are through intermediates’ who purchase directly in the field at the lowest price possible. Potato production challenges for the small-scale farmers are among others availability of quality potato seed, direct sales, purchase of agrochemical inputs to maintain their crops and lack of education. In 2021, only 4% of potato farmers used certified seed. Potato yield is still low around 16.1 t·ha-1, in the last 10 years the total potato cultivated area was reduced by at least 50%. The farmers produce “Bokashi” and other organic fertilizer and these are effective to improve soil fertility and plant health. Homemade bio-pesticides reduce agrochemical pesticides. The Decision Support System (DSS) is a handheld device to control late blight, minimizes fungicide applications and improve fungicide rotation. In 2018 Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso), the causal agent of zebra chip, and its vector, the potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli, together created havoc for farmers and researchers. Promotion of early potato varieties INIAP—Libertad is an alternative to lower the impact of this newest pest.

A Transaction Cost Analysis on the Acquisition of Rice Seed by Small-Scale Farmers in ECA Region： Generating Empirical Evidence in Tanzania

The present study is an attempt to develop empirical evidence of transaction costs that rice farmers incur in production and other factors that affect farmers＇ demand for seed and estimating the proportion of costs accounted for by transaction costs due to quality seed in the formal and informal sectors, and analyze how these costs affect sourcing decision. An agricultural household model was developed from the study area. To test the model, information was collected in a survey of 387 households. There is now empirical evidence that transaction cost in rice seed acquisition in Tanzanian agriculture is an added cost to the farmer in the process of purchasing seed. Descriptive analysis shows that about 18% of the total seed cost is accounted for transaction cost, which is 2% of the total variable cost in farmers＇ rice farming. Econometric model was fitted to the household data to determine the factors hindering farmers to use purchased quality seed. Factors that were significant in influencing transaction cost include information search, seed source, farmers＇ seed arrangements, trust, and distance from farmers＇ homestead to the seed source, location and age of the farmer. We recommend that, policy amendments inclined towards reduction of the transaction costs can improve the profitability of the rice enterprise by increasing the demand for inputs.

Implications of the Development of Agricultural Research Institutes from the Perspective of New Quality Productive Forces

Combining with the important exposition of general secretary Xi Jinping on the development of new quality productive forces,this paper discusses the connotation and development requirements of new quality productive forces in agriculture,and reveals the relationship between the development of new quality productive forces and the professional work of scientific research institutes.On this basis,some policy recommendations are put forward for agricultural research institutes to develop new quality productive forces.

新农人形象的数字生产研究——基于抖音短视频场域的内容考察

随着全面乡村振兴的深入推进,社交媒体在中国乡村的普及不仅大幅缩小了城乡数字鸿沟,更催生城乡数字交往中的新质生产力,塑造新的生产关系与生活样态。基于抖音社交平台,通过对短视频中新农人形象再生产数据的内容分析,可深入考察抖音如何重构城乡交往的整体现状及其形塑过程。研究发现,抖音等新媒体能够催生青年人反哺中老年人一起建立城乡双向奔赴的交往场域。尤其是一批青年新生代农民工,开始从城市返乡,他们积极投身数字乡村建设,通过创意化表演重塑了新农人形象。这种行为充分肯定返乡生活并重新定义乡村身份,在中国交往场域实践中占据核心地位。在这一过程中,抖音作为技术与社会互动的中介,在视频内容展演上具有历时性维度和包容特性,并成为跨越城乡鸿沟、促进城乡互动的重要传播特征。此外,抖音等社交媒体用户,通过在视频里扮演中介角色再生产出数字时代的中国城乡社会网络交往媒介,在构建积极城乡交往的媒介形象以及搭建新传播体系方面提供实践方式与理论指引。

Problems and Significance of Land Consolidation Projects Quality and Countermeasures

Land consolidation program would not only increase farmland area, but also improve land quality. With consideration of problems in land consolidation, such as highlighting number and ignoring quality, and compensating poor farmlands for occupied highly-qualified farmlands, the research proposed the importance of quality of land consolidation program and the way for improving the quality, in order to draw attention of national land consolidation industry for quality of the program, protect farmlands and crop safety, and advance social stability and harmony.

低空经济助推新质生产力的运行机理与路径选择

低空经济是以低空飞行活动为牵引,以有人驾驶和无人驾驶航空器为主要载体,通过技术创新和模式创新推动相关产业融合发展的新型综合性经济形态。低空经济涉及领域和行业多、应用场景多、创新之处多、产业链条长、带动效应强,具有创新驱动性、空间依赖性、跨界融合性、辐射带动性等技术—经济特征。低空经济通过场景牵引、跨界融合、协同治理,聚焦应用场景,打造低空多场景应用,推动“低空+”物流配送、“低空+”城市空中交通、“低空+”旅游、“低空+”应急救援等规模化发展,在技术创新与制度创新相互嵌套、协同治理的基础上实现健康发展。当前,各地各部门积极抢占低空经济新赛道,通过建设智能互联高效的基础设施、加快低空智能互联航行技术创新、完善产业链增强低空产业韧性和安全等举措因地制宜打造融合创新的应用场景。为促进低空经济发展,应加强产业政策引导与支持,支持低空经济技术创新与研发,推动跨界融合与应用场景创新,完善产业链配套服务体系。

高校图书馆“新质”知识服务赋能新质生产力的内在逻辑和服务模式研究

高校图书馆具有丰富的数据资源,强大的数据检索、知识发现与信息分析能力,在科技创新中处于知识链的结点位置,可以为科技创新和产学研协同创新提供“新质”知识和创新要素整合服务,助力科技创新和新质生产力形成。文章探究了高校图书馆服务于新质生产力的内在逻辑、知识优势和服务维度,提出以新颖性、知识性、联结性、生态性为特色的高校图书馆“新质”知识服务特点,围绕新颖性和高质量目标,构建高校图书馆前沿、多元差异化知识服务、联结平台服务、资源整合服务、生态培育服务的“新质”知识服务模式,助力产学研知识链和创新链科技创新与新质生产力形成,阐明了高校图书馆“新质”知识服务赋能新质生产力的推进路径和实现条件。

新质生产力发展与应用型人才培养:价值意蕴、现实境遇与路径探赜

发展新质生产力为应用型人才培养带来新机遇并提出新要求。通过厘清新质生产力蕴含的教育价值内涵,强调人才是新质生产力发展的核心要素,分析新质生产力背景下应用型人才培养的现状与问题,从革新高校人才培养理念、优化学科专业布局、重塑应用型人才培养目标、更新教学内容与方法、助力学习方式蝶变、创新评价理念与方法等方面,提出适应新质生产力发展的新时代应用型人才培养路径,从而为新质生产力的快速发展提供新型劳动者要素支撑。

Farmer behavior and perceptions to alternative scenarios in a highly intensive agricultural region,south central China

Intensive agriculture has caused unintended environmental consequences, such as water quality degradation. It is necessary for policymakers to make proper planning of sustainable agricultural development. Using a Pressure-State-Response （PSR） framework, we conducted surveys focused on farmer behavior toward agriculture and environmental protection in 2009 and 2011. The surveys indicated that farmer behavior was complex and contradictory, and caused some environmental effects. Therefore, we used normative landscape scenario method to develop two scenarios. Both scenarios emphasized on stable economic growth along with water quality improvement and presented good effects. A feedback survey was organized in 2013 to interpret farmers＇ perceptions of the alternative scenarios. The results indicate Scenario I is likely to be accepted by farmers; however, the beautiful rural landscape in Scenario.II represents what farmers want, and Scenario I or II can be achieved by changing farm behavior in the future. By logistic regression model analysis, increasing agriculture benefits and new technology popularization were key factors affecting farmer behavior. Relevant policy implications on farmers were proposed. This paper showed how important to understand farmer behavior and perceptions to agricultural development, and a description of the alternative scenarios and policy implications are meaningful for policymakers to manage nature resources.

Compliance of Milk Quality and Safety Measures Among Milk Producers and Milk Collection Centers in South Region of Punjab Province,Pakistan

The present study was conducted in four districts of Punjab Province to examine the attitude of milk producers and milk collection agents toward compliance of milk quality and safety parameters. In current scenario, the attitude of consumers for safe food in accordance to quality standards is ever increasing. The dairy industry in Pakistan is confronting many challenges to adapt these food safety and quality measures. This study was purposely conducted in the south region of Punjab Province, as this region has rich population of livestock and milk production. To collect essential data, field study was carded out in selected four districts of Punjab Province. Field survey for dairy farmers and milk collection centers was performed in two phases. The analysis of primary data was carried out by calculating the Likert scale mean value, analysis of variance （one-way） and other descriptive statistics tools. The results showed that 76.4% milk producers had no awareness about Punjab food quality laws; as Likert-scale mean value was 1.93. The compliance level for the management practices such as Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Point （HCCAP）, Good Animal Practices （GAP） and Good Veterinary Practices （GVP） etc. was also very poor. Approximately, 32.57% milk collectors （very frequently） applied milk quality testing parameters whereas 50.72% milk collectors merely used sensory quality inspection methods at the time of milk purchase from dairy farmers. For a sustainable supply of good quality raw milk to the dairy industry in Pakistan, it was recommended that the departments for hygiene and food inspection should be vigilant. The prescribed food safety laws relating to milk production and marketing activities should be enforced properly to improve the situation.

Empirical Research on Farmer's Breaching Behavior in Order Contract

In " leading enterprise + farmer" cooperation model,farmer's behavior of breaching contract exists generally. In this paper,from the angle of incomplete contract,the influencial factors of farmer breaking contract are analyzed. It is found that farmer sex,age,culture degree and farming period have obvious effects on the behavior of breaching contract. Under regulating effect of relationship quality,farmer assest specificity,exogenous uncertainty and endogenous uncertainty affect farmer's breaking behavior. That is,the higher the farmer assest specificity,the lower the farmer breaching tendency; higher exogenous uncertainty causes that farmer is easy to generate breaching behavior; higher endogenous uncertainty causes that farmer is also easy to take breaching behavior.