Entrepreneurship training:its influences on innovation potentials among nursing students

Objective:To evaluate the influences of entrepreneurship training on the innovation potential among nursing students.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study.The study was conducted in the classroom at the faculty of nursing,and the“i Hub”center at Ain Shams University(ASU)in Cairo,Egypt.A purposive sample of 42 nursing students who participated in the“Ain Shams University-innovate”competition from the Faculty of Nursing of ASU were included in this study.Data collection tools included(1)Nursing students'innovation skills assessment questionnaire and(2)Innovative projects evaluation tool.Results:There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of nursing students'total innovation skills pre-and post-implementation of entrepreneurship training,where P-value<0.05.Conclusions:The results of the current study support the research hypothesis because the implementation of entrepreneurship training positively affects nursing students'innovation potential.Developing entrepreneurship education in nursing and integrating it into nursing programs will stimulate creativity,innovation,and entrepreneurship among nursing students and health care services.

The Training Model and Development Route of Market-oriented Professional Farmers

To cultivate new professional farmers is a key way for rural labor development, resolving existing problems such as how to farming. It is notable that government and market take advantages in training of new professional farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to guarantee government and market playing the roles. The research explored market-oriented farmer training model and the characteristics and investigated training routes for new professional farmers.

Survey and Countermeasures on Current Status of Farmer Training and Education Informatization in Western Liaoning Province

This study summarized the main achievements of farmers’training and rural informatization construction in the past few years,and explored the needs of rural informatization in western Liaoning Province.The current status of agricultural development in western Liaoning and farmers’needs for education and training and rural education informatization were surveyed.The construction of an education and technical support service platform for scientific and technological farmers in western Liaoning was proposed,aiming to use information technology to train modern professional farmers.Through independent and self-learning education and training methods,it is expected to promote great improvement in the scientific and technological quality and moral level of farmers in western Liaoning and cultivate professional farmers who are educated and understand both agricultural techniques and business management.

Framework of Evaluation Index System for Farmers' Training under the New Situation

At present,income of farmers' training evaluation can not reflect the real connotation of training and the scientific evaluation index system is lacked. Based on this,it is concluded that evaluation of farmers' training is composed of demand evaluation,process evaluation and effect evaluation. Farmers' training evaluation system is evaluated including four grades of indices. Among them,the third grade index include demand investigation,satisfaction degree of peasant household,satisfaction degree of peasant household,organization degree,talent benefit,economic benefit,social benefit. The fourth grade index is the probability of demand investigation,training method,training content,training time,training textbook,teaching facility,tracking service,plan establishment,trainee,trainer,training evaluation,knowledge understanding degree,behavior change rate,growth rate of unit yield,growth rate of unit income,growth rate of output per worker,increasing rate of organization degree and participation degree. Connotation of evaluation index and the mathematical expressions of some indices are described in order to correctly evaluate the effect of training,to improve the quality of training,and to establish the training based on science.

Foreign Farmers' Education and Training Experience: A Real Treasure for China

The core of issues concerning agriculture,countryside and farmers is farmer problem,and the key to farmer problem is the problem of farmers' overall quality. Farmers' cultural quality,technical level and ideological and moral standards,directly determine the success of countryside construction and agricultural development. Therefore,many countries have attached great importance to farmers' education and training,and established the training mode with their own characteristics,playing an important role in improving the comprehensive quality of farmers,promoting the advance of social modernization,and propelling sustainable social development. By probing into the history of the development of foreign farmers' education and training,I summarize the main features,and conduct in-depth scientific analysis,which will provide a reference for developing farmers' education and training,and resolving issues concerning agriculture,countryside and farmers in China during the period of social transformation.

Study on Training Scheme for New Farmers

Farmers play an important role in agricultural modernization,and farmers'quality directly influence the agricultural modernization drive. We analyzed basic situations and existing problems of farmers,including lack of consciousness as a master,cultural awareness,market awareness,skill awareness,and democracy and legal awareness.To build new farmers,we put forward multi-channel and comprehensive training schemes,including enhancing leadership,making clear objective,and giving top priority to subjects;increasing fund input and perfecting new farmer training system;focusing on economic development and combining with new socialist countryside construction;training by classification to improve overall qualities of different level farmers;combining many cultivation ways to improve the overall training effect.

Factors Influencing Farmers' Willingness to Participate in the New Vocational Training

Probit model is applied to analyze some key factors influencing farmers' willingness to participate in the new vocational training for farmers based on 683 questionnaires from 8 districts in Chongqing. The results show that individual and family factors significantly affect farmers' participation will. These factors are age,family scale and years of education. Age is the most important factor,family scale is of secondary importance and years of education are the third one. Meanwhile,years of education positively affect farmers' participation willingness;there is a negative correlation among age,family scale and this willingness. Organizer,rural economic development level and training experience have no significant influence on this willingness.

Correlation between Employment Quality and Skill Training of Land-expropriated Farmers

Based on field survey,an empirical analysis was made on the correlation between employment quality and skill training of landexpropriated farmers. The analysis indicated that there are differences in employment opportunity,employment sector,employment ability,wage income and employment stability between land-expropriated farmers. Besides,though skill training,it is feasible to effectively improve employment quality of land-expropriated farmers. The skill training exerts a significant effect on employment and urban adaptation of land-expropriated farmers. The mode of skill training promoting employment quality was proposed. Skill training can raise human resource level of land-expropriated farmers,and increase their labor and employment skills,to help them realize regular employment and smoothly become citizens. For fund sources for skill training,government and land expropriation unit should bring into play active role. And skill training should be undertaken under the guidance of government and support of land expropriation unit.

Do Farmers Respond to Training？--The Case of the Millennium Challenge Account （MCA）-Ghana Programme

This study examined the effect of farmer business, technical training and input provision through a government intervention programme on productivity and crop incomes among Farmer Based Organizations （FBO） in Ghana. Farm level data were collected from 2,900 farmers over 11,000 farm plots. The difference-in-difference estimator is employed to test the impact of this intervention on crop yields and incomes. Farmers were randomly put into two distinct groups： the treatment （early training） and control （late training）. After the collection of baseline data, the treatment group received crop husbandry training and a starter pack which included inputs and cash both worth about US$230. The control group received the intervention after a year. The main findings of this study are that the intervention does not have any significant impact on crop yields and crop incomes. However the authors do find some evidences that as a result of the intervention, the value of chemicals used by farmers decreased by about GH^25 The study concludes by noting that although some changes do occur over the period, and it is not possible to attribute these changes to the MiDA training programme for all the indicators of interest except chemical costs.

An investigative report on information literacy training of individual farmers in central China and on issues related to remedial measures:A case study of farmers information literacy in a few districts of Hubei province

This paper introduced first a conceptual framework of 'information literacy training of farmers' based on the widely recognized understanding of the term 'information literacy(IL).' It then followed with a discussion based on these three authors' field investigation regarding to Hubei peasants' current information literacy training in such perspectives as information consciousness,information ability and ways and means of information access.It concluded by pointing out some of the more apparent factors that had adverse impacts on the farmers' information literacy training in central China and suggested a few possible remedial measures to guide the course for those who are involved in such undertakings.

Farmer's Adoption of Improved Nitrogen Management Strategies in Maize Production in China: an Experimental Knowledge Training

Chemical fertilizer plays an important role in increasing food production in China. Nevertheless, excessive nitrogen fertilizer use in China has resulted in severe environmental problems. The goal of this paper is to examine the impacts of an improved nitrogen management （INM） training experiment on farmers＇ chemical nitrogen （N） use behaviors in maize production in China. Based on household data collected from 813 maize farmers in Shandong, China, this study finds that while INM training can significantly reduce farmers＇ N fertilizer use, an INM training is not sufficient to change farmer＇s practices significantly, and farmers only partially adopted the recommended INM. This study reveals that China faces challenges to transform its agriculture to a low-carbon one. The research also sheds light on China＇s extension system and future technologies in meeting the objectives of reducing the excessive nitrogen fertilizer use in agricultural production.

Countermeasure Research on Problems Impeding Farmers’ Successful Entrepreneurship in Minority Areas

By investigating the problem of farmers’ entrepreneurship in Gongcheng Yaozu Autonomous County,lying in Guilin,Guangxi,the thesis expounds the existing problems impacting farmers’ successful entrepreneurship in minority areas as follows:firstly,the musty idea of local cadre is obstacle to farmers’ successful entrepreneurship;secondly,the problems of scattered farmers’ entrepreneurship resources,waste and shortage of resources impact good effect of entrepreneurship;thirdly,farmers lack awareness of characteristics and brand,influencing the market competitiveness of products;fourthly,the existence of smallholder consciousness critically hampers the marketization and internationalization of entrepreneurship accomplishments;fifthly,the government pays no attention to the construction of industrial chain,which makes farmers’ entrepreneurship lack sustainability.Based on these,corresponding countermeasures are put forward to promote farmers’ successful entrepreneurship in minority areas as follows:firstly,we should update local leaders’ ideas and emphasize the positive role of farmers’ successful entrepreneurship in county economic development;secondly,we should integrate local entrepreneurship resources and promote the efficiency of farmers’ entrepreneurship;thirdly,we should foster the consciousness of brand and characteristics and strengthen the market competitiveness of entrepreneurship accomplishments;fourthly,we should strengthen the construction of industrial chain to promote sustainable development of farmers’ entrepreneurship.

Evaluation of Farmer Training Satisfaction Level in Hubei Province

Based on fully understanding the significance of farmer training,this paper builds the evaluation index system for farmer training satisfaction level. Then this paper employs the field survey data about Yichang and Jingzhou in Hubei Province to evaluate the farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province. Results show that farmers have high level of satisfaction on agricultural training in Hubei Province,and the average satisfaction level reaches 0. 8556; there are regional differences in the farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province; the index weight is not entirely directly proportional to the training satisfaction level in the evaluation index system. Finally,from training courses,training teachers,training organization and follow-up services,this paper brings forward the recommendations for improving farmer training satisfaction level in Hubei Province,improve farmer training system,further improve the effectiveness of training and promote farmers' quality.

Construction Path of Farmer Education and Training System in the Context of Rural Revitalization

It is very important to establish a farmer education and training system for the revitalization of rural talents.This paper analyzed the necessity and new requirements for the construction of a farmer education and training system in the new era.It pointed out the specific path for construction of farmer education and training system from accurately grasping the development direction of farmer education and training,accelerating the construction of a new pattern of farmer education and training,comprehensively promoting the high-quality development of farmer education and training,and actively creating a good atmosphere for farmer education and training,so as to promote the revitalization of rural talents.

Evaluation Model of Farmer Training Effect Based on AHP–A Case Study of Hainan Province

On the basis of studying the influencing factors of training effect evaluation,this paper constructs an AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for farmers’vocational training activities in Hainan Province to evaluate farmers’training effect,which overcomes the limitations of traditional methods.Firstly,the content and index system of farmer training effect evaluation are established by analytic hierarchy process,and the weight value of each index is determined.Then,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation(FCE)of farmer training effect is carried out by using multi-level FCE.The joint use of AHP and FCE improves the reliability and effectiveness of the evaluation process and results.The overall comprehensive evaluation result of the farmer training effect evaluation is“good”.

Research on the Operation and Guarantee Construction of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education of Sports Training Major in Sports Colleges

In order to stabilize the operation of innovation and entrepreneurship education and improve the graduate employment ability of sports training professionals,this paper,based on the literature,work experience and actual environment background,promotes the development and employment of sports training professionals in sports colleges and universities.

A Study on the Training Mode of Discipline-oriented Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents——Taking Agricultural,Forestry and Normal Universities as an Example

With the gradual expansion of the scale and enrollment of colleges and universities in China,the university education has changed from the elite education to the mass education. The decline of students' quality and the backwardness of the mode of cultivating talents in colleges and universities have resulted in the general low employability of college students and the prominent phenomenon of structural unemployment. Against a background of mass innovation and mass entrepreneurship,colleges and universities should make timely adjustments to the major structure according to social development,cultivate innovative and entrepreneurial talents,and make the objectives and quality of talent training meet the needs of social development. Based on the analysis of the status quo of innovation and entrepreneurship in colleges and universities,especially in agricultural and forestry,normal universities,this paper explores the training model of innovative and entrepreneurial talents in colleges and universities to provide a reference for the training of specialized talents in different disciplines.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Farmers' Identification of Entrepreneurial Opportunity

Based on the survey data of entrepreneurship concerning farmers in China,this article uses the multivariate adjustment regression analysis method,to analyze the factors influencing farmers' identification of entrepreneurial opportunity and the mechanism. The results show that demographic characteristics are still an important factor influencing farmers' identification of entrepreneurial opportunity,but the extent of its influence is weaker than entrepreneurs' trait. The new trait theory is verified in farmers' entrepreneurship opportunity behavior; entrepreneurship environment is becoming an important factor influencing entrepreneurial opportunity identification,whose regulation effect on entrepreneurs' social network and previous experience is stronger than the regulation effect on entrepreneurs' psychological trait.

Cultivating New-type Farmers Based on the Theory of Human Resources Development

Under the direction of theory of human resources development,this thesis analyzes the impact of rural human resources development oncultivating new-type farmers.Firstly,it increases the input of rural basic education;secondly,it reinforces the vocational education and technologytraining;thirdly,it promotes the rural medical and public health services;fourthly,it quickens the rural labor transfer.The status quo of China's ruralhuman resources has been analyzed as follows:in terms of the quantity of rural human resources,the status quo is large and quick-developed baseof rural human resources,high labor participatory rate,and constitution of low age;in terms of the quality of rural human resources,the status quois the ubiquitous low quality of rural human resources,low technological level of rural human resources,and overall low physical quality of farmers;in terms of the structure of rural human resources,the status quo is the irrational industrial structure distribution and imbalanced regional structuredistribution.The thesis also discusses the edification of theory of human resources development in cultivating new-type farmers.First,in terms ofthe control over quantity of rural human resources,it is to keep the stability of family planning policy,and expedite the transfer of rural surplus la-bor;second,in terms of promoting the quality of rural human resources,it is to bolster the development of reserve rural labor force resources,toconstruct the adult educational training system with Chinese characteristics,and to build rural primary health care system;third,in terms of adjus-ting the structure of rural human resources,it is to perfect rural human resources market,and adjust rural economical structure and talents struc-ture.

Exploration of New Financing Mode of Farmers' Co-operatives——A Case of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China

Based on the overview of the role played by farmers' co-operatives in developing rural economy and existing problems,the thesis has introduced the factors which influence the development of farmers' co-operatives including five aspects,namely conditions of scale economy,popularization and application of agricultural production technology,comparative advantage,market expectancy and government support.By analyzing typical cases of three co-operatives in Guangxi(Heng County Dadi Growing Co-operatives,talents-leading share-holding co-operatives;Long'an County Guixiniu Co-operatives,co-operatives led by leading-enterprise;Nanning City Tanluo Town Jinguang Fruits and Potatoes Co-operatives,co-operatives led by leading-enterprise),the way to develop farmers' co-operatives by dint of the external capital has been discussed.The results demonstrate that conditions of scale economy,popularization and application of agricultural production technology,comparative advantage,excellent market expectancy and government support,are conducive to absorbing external capital.Under China's existing economic conditions,the government should normalize the use and allocation procedure of program fund.