肝肠法尼酯X受体在代谢性疾病中的作用研究进展

法尼酯X受体(FXR)具有多种生物学功能,其在代谢性疾病中发挥的重要作用已引起研究者们的极大关注。FXR高表达于肝脏和肠道,越来越多的研究表明,肝肠FXR可以通过调控多种代谢通路影响机体糖脂、能量代谢发挥代谢改善作用,因此以肝肠FXR为靶点的激动剂及拮抗剂研究已成为探索代谢性疾病干预的有效手段。肝肠FXR的激活与抑制在防治代谢性疾病中的作用机制:肝脏FXR的激活多可通过肝脏小分子异源二聚体(SHP)依赖的方式加速下游脂肪酸氧化分解及糖代谢,抑制脂质合成改善代谢;而肠道FXR的抑制与激活则均可依赖于肠道纤维母细胞生长因子通过肠肝循环调节胆汁酸代谢产生机体代谢改善作用。与此同时,临床试验阶段的不同类型FXR激动剂与拮抗剂在改善代谢的同时不可避免地出现了不良反应,限制了其应用前景。基于肝肠FXR在代谢性疾病中相反的作用,以及肠道FXR调控糖脂代谢的复杂性,为此类药物的研发带来了新的挑战与思路。

Design, synthesis and metabolic regulation effect of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonistic benzoxepin-5-ones

A series of benzoxepin-5-ones were designed and synthesized by the cyclization of chalcones which were previously found as FXR antagonists. The cellular FXR antagonism of benzoxepines was investigated,among which the most potent compound 10 l was able to reduce the plasma and hepatic triglyceride and plasma ALT levels in mice.

法尼醇X受体拮抗剂及药理活性研究进展

法尼醇X受体(FXR)是核受体超家族的一员,具有广泛的生理病理功能,参与维持胆汁酸、糖、脂等的稳态,另外参与肿瘤的发生发展。因此,FXR转录活性调控是治疗多种疾病的重要策略,FXR激动剂的研发已取得突破性进展。近年来研究发现,FXR转录活性抑制对多种疾病具有积极的贡献,FXR拮抗剂的研发及其药理活性研究已取得较大进展。因此,本文就FXR拮抗剂及其药理活性研究进行综述。

法尼酯X受体调控因素及配体的研究进展

法尼酯X受体(Farnesoid X Receptor,FXR)属于核激素受体超家族中的一员,作为一种胆汁酸受体和胆汁酸生物合成的生物感受器,参与机体多种生理活动。因此揭示FXR转录表达的调控因素以及寻找具有选择性和高活性的FXR配体,为新药研发提供新思路具有重要的意义。因而对FXR表达调控和配体的最新研究进行综述。

Hypolipidemic effect of SIPI-7623,a derivative of an extract from oriental wormwood,through farnesoid X receptor antagonism

Farnesoid X receptor(FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors.As a metabolic regulator,FXR plays key roles in bile acid and cholesterol metabolism and lipid and glucose homeostasis.Therefore,FXR is a potential drug target for several metabolic syndromes,especially those related to lipidemia disorders.In the present study,we identified small molecule SIPI-7623,a derivative of an extract from Oriental wormwood(Artemisia capillaris),and found that it specifically upregulated the expression of cholesterol-7-alpha-hydroxylase(CYP7 A1),downregulated the expression of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 1 c(SREBP-1 c) in the liver,and inhibited the expression of ileal bile acid binding-protein(IBABP) in the ileum of rats.We found that inhibition of FXR by SIPI-7623 decreased the level of cholesterol and triglyceride.SIPI-7623 reduced the levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in in vitro Hep G2 cell models,ameliorated diet-induced atherosclerosis,and decreased the serum lipid content on rats and rabbits model of atherosclerosis in vivo.Furthermore,SIPI-7623 decreased the extent of atherosclerotic lesions.Our resutls demonstrated that antagonism of the FXR pathway can be employed as a therapeutic strategy to treat metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.In conclusion,SIPI-7623 could be a promising lead compound for development of drugs to treat hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

核受体FXR的配体及复合物结构研究进展

法尼醇X受体(FXR)属于核受体超家族,与代谢综合征的形成以及葡萄糖在体内的动态平衡等过程密切相关,是研发代谢疾病和抗糖尿病药物的重要靶标。近几年,FXR的激动剂、拮抗剂以及晶体结构等方面的研究有了较快的发展。本文综述了目前报道的不同类型的FXR配体及其构效关系,以及FXR复合物晶体结构的最新进展。