The Diagnostic Validity of Preterm Delivery in Adolescent Girls Based on Neonatal Clinical Assessment

Introduction: Pregnant adolescents are at an elevated risk of premature delivery. In the context of low levels of education and limited resources, several difficulties are encountered in determining gestational age. These include a lack of knowledge of the date of the last menstrual period, failure to perform first-trimester ultrasound, and absence of an electroencephalogram. In such circumstances, the utilisation of a morphological score, analogous to the Finnstrom score, to ascertain gestational age would appear to be a more accessible and straightforward approach. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the Finnström score in newborns of teenage mothers, where the date of the last menstrual period may be subject to inaccuracy, in order to validate the diagnosis of preterm delivery. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional design of 87 newborns of teenage mothers, multicenter, conducted in the city of Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) with prospective data collection. Results: This study involved 87 newborns born to adolescent mothers. The incidence of premature delivery, as determined by the date of the last menstrual period, was observed to be 17.6% among teenage girls and 5.3% among adults. As indicated by the Finnström morphological score and early ultrasound dating, the incidence of preterm delivery was notably elevated, at 32.2% and 37.7%, respectively. The correlation between gestational age according to the date of the last menstrual period and gestational age according to early ultrasound dating was low (0.338), while there was a satisfactory correlation between gestational age according to the Finnström morphological score and early ultrasound dating (0.828). Conclusion: The Finnström morphological score represents a valuable tool for accurately determining gestational age, thereby validating the diagnosis of preterm delivery in adolescents, who are prone to inaccuracies in determining the date of the last menstrual period. It is therefore recommended that this score be evaluated in our setting, where access to ultrasound is sometimes still problematic.

Body Mass Index and Health Related Physical Fitness in Saudi Girls and Adolescents Aged 8 - 15 Years

Health related physical fitness (HRPF) is considered to be an indirect marker of a person’s health and wellbeing, reflecting the interplay and integration of many persons’ systems and body functions. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and HRPF in a national cross-sectional sample of Saudi girls and adolescents. Methods: Weight, height and four components of HRPF (body fat composition, strength and endurance, flexibility and cardio-respiratory fitness) were measured in three age groups [(8 - 10), (11 - 12) and (13 - 15) years]. Pearson correlation coefficient and regressions analysis using a non-linear quadratic model were used to evaluate the relationship between BMI and HRPF in three age groups. Results: The results revealed variable relationships among tests. Lower scores in body fat composition and cardio-respiratory fitness were associated with higher body mass indexes in each age group. Also lower scores in muscle strength and endurance were recorded in girls aged from 11 to 15 years. Relationships between BMI and flexibility differed among age groups. Conclusion: BMI significantly and differentially influenced individual HRPF, but effects varied with age. Higher body mass indexes were generally associated with lower HRPF. The level of HRPF determined by this study may serve as an indicator of potential health risks that overweight and obese children girls and adolescents faced.

Age at Menarche among School Adolescents Girls in Saudi Arabia: Environmental Factors

Background: Menarche is the first menstrual period of a girl at puberty. The timing of menarche is significant for health in future life. Saudi Arabia has developed immensely over the last three decades as evidenced by the economic and health sectors throughout all parts of the vast Kingdom. The current study measured the menarche age of school adolescents Girls in Saudi Arabia and explored environmental factors that could impact the onset of menarche. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1486 healthy Saudi school adolescents’ girls between 10 - 19 years old. The data were collected in 2016 using self-administered questionnaires. Health status, dietary intake, physical activities and parent’s education were recorded along with other environmental factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.1. Results: Out of 1486, 767 girls (51.6%) had experienced menarche with a mean age of 12.46 ± 1.57;681 girls (45.8%) had experienced menarche at age of 13 - 15;38 girls (2.6%) had experienced menarche at age of 16. A significant association between menarche and social factors was detected. Besides, the study discovered a significant association between menarche and the lifestyle of the studied groups.

Sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescent girls from conservative and low-income families in Erzurum, Turkey

The objective of this survey was to determine the sexual and reproductive health needs of conservative and/or economically challenged adolescent girls. A total of 310 subjects (16.5 ± 2.2 years old), attending three private institutes teaching Islamic matter and the holy Quran and two private institutes teaching carpet-weaving in Erzurum, Turkey, were interviewed between November 2004 and February 2005. The ques-tionnaire covered knowledge on reproductive health and sexual matters to attain their feelings prior to their first menarche, their practices during menstruation, and their awareness of gynecological and sexually transmitted dis-eases as well as their attitudes toward and re-sponsiveness to domestic violence. Their re-sponses showed that these issues were con-sidered taboo and/or embarrassing to share. Also, a considerable percentage of the girls had no or limited knowledge on reproductive health and sexual matters and mismanaged gyneco-logical problems and domestic violence. More-over, those had knowledge revealed that their sources were non-scientific information from unprofessional individuals. In conclusion, the conservative and/or economically challenged adolescent girls who are not attending regular high schools need professional lectures on re-productive health and sexual matters.

Unmet Needs for Family Planning among Adolescent Girls Giving Birth in Three Teaching Hospitals in Yaoundé

Many adolescent girls are pressured into having sex at an early age, which puts them at high risk of unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the unmet needs of adolescents who give birth. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in three university hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon: Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatric Hospital and the District Hospital of Biyem-Assi, from February 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020. Included were any teenage mothers speaking English or French. Data were entered using CSPRO 7.3, analyzed by Excel 2010 and SPSS version 23.0. The tools used to express our results were the number, the frequency, the mean, the odds ratio (OR) and the P. P was significant if less than 5%. Of a total of 2692 births recorded, 188 (7%) were from adolescents. Of these, 157 fulfilling our selection criteria were recruited and data analyzed. The average age of the participants was 17.9 ± 1.12 years with extremes of 13 and 19, the average parity was 1.2 ± 0.4 with extremes of 1 and 3. Out of 157 participants, 2 who fell in the age range of 10 to 14 years (100%) and 106 of 155 (68.4%) whose age ranged from 15 to 19 years had unmet need for family planning. Only unmarried participants had unmet needs after multivariate analysis [aOR 2.4 (1.1 - 5.3);p = 0.035)]. Being unmarried was independently associated with the occurrence of unmet needs. The intensification of campaigns for provider behavior changes communication and the creation of services dedicated to the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents would help to reduce the rate of unmet needs for family planning among adolescent girls.

Cesarean Section Indications and Prognosis in Adolescents Girls at the Mother-Child Pool of the Teaching Hospital of Tengandogo (CHU-T) in Burkina Faso

Objective: Conduct a study on cesarean sections in adolescent girls at the mother-child pool of the CHU-T in order to reduce maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a retrospective data collection method from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2019. Results: The frequency of caesarean sections in our series was estimated at 59.9% in adolescent girls. 68.7% of adolescent girls were married, the average age was estimated at 18.3 ± 1 years, primiparous women were the most represented group with a rate of 88%. Adolescent girls were housewives in 73.5% of cases, with 37.4% of them living in rural areas. The main indications for cesarean section were: pre-rupture syndrome (22.9%), fetal distress (19.3%), pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (18.1%) and bony dystocia (21.6%). The following results derive from the classification of the cesarean section indications into 2 groups according to one or the other member of the “mother-child” couple: maternal indications accounted for 57.8% while fetal adnexal indications were estimated at 36.1%. As for perinatal mortality, it reached 24.1%. Conclusion: Improving the maternal-fetal prognosis of cesarean section in adolescent girls necessarily requires the strengthening of pregnancies follow-ups among this population group where pregnancy is most often unplanned.

The Process by Which Girls Who Develop Type 1 Diabetes before School Age Acquire Self-Management Skills during Puberty and Adolescence

Our aim was to clarify the process by which girls who develop type 1 diabetes before school age acquire self-management skills during puberty and adolescence. We conducted semi-structured interviews with such women who had reached adolescence, and analyzed the results using the modified grounded theory approach (M-GTA). We found the process to be composed of eight categories: Girls begin to feel they understand their own bodies;Girls give precedence to fun, and forget about their disease;Girls build a foundation for taking control of their physical health;Girls feel “out of sync” with their physical sensations;Girls gain new awareness of their disease due to discrimination and comparing themselves to others;Girls revisit their lifestyle and diabetes care practices, with an eye to their future;Girls employ the wisdom and knowledge they have gained from experience;Girls are frustrated at diabetes’ relent-less presence in their lives. The learning process could be roughly divided into two periods: a period dominated by annoyance, where girls prioritize fun activities and try to forget about their disease, and a period where they leverage their wisdom to revisit their care behaviors and change their lifestyle.

The Secular Tendency of the Age at Menarche in a Representative Sample of Mexican Girls from an Urban Zone in Central Mexico

Objective: To investigate the age at menarche, pubarche and telarche in a representative sample of residents of an urban zone of Leon, Guanajuato, Central Mexico and to evaluate the secular change of the age at menarche between 1985 and 2000. Methods: Using status quo and retrospective methods, menarcheal, pubarcheal and telarcheal status of girls 8 - 17 years of age (n = 1093) were determined. Multiple regression analysis and logistic regression were used to determine factors that were related to or predictive of age at menarche. Results: Median ages for menarche, pubarche and telarche in our studied sample were: 11.9 ± 0.04;11.13 ± 1.25 and 10.84 ± 1.34 years, respectively. A direct correlation was found between the age of menarche of adolescents and that of their mother (p p p = 0.001), but an indirect correlation was found with the girls’ hip circumference (p = 0.004). We demonstrated a clear secular tendency towards an earlier onset of menarche by comparing our results (11.9 ± 0.04) with data from 1985 (12.8 ± 1.3) for adolescents from the same city. Conclusion: We demonstrated a clear reduction in age at menarche of approximately 0.75 year/decade, higher than Tanner’s finding in 1962, but similar than that of Malina et al. in 2004.

Analysis on the Factors Related to the Accidental Pregnancy in 98 Teenage Girls

Objective:To understand the general information of adolescent girls with unplanned pregnancy and the information about abortion and reproductive health knowledge,analyze the influencing factors of unplanned pregnancy and explore the preventive measures.Methods:Using epidemiological investigation method,the adolescent females(age<19 years old)who volunteered requested pain deprivation in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were examined by questionnaire with informed consultation,and the results were analyzed.Results:After screening,98 valid questionnaires were received.The average age of girls were 16.81 years old,and the youngest was 13 years old.Employed girls accounted for 54.0%,students for 23.5%and unemployed people for 22.5%.Non-eamers accounted for 38.8%,and those with monthly income less than 3,000 yuan accounted for 86.8%.78.6 of those aged 16-18 had sex for the first time.The age of first sexual intercourse<15 years old accounted for 21.4%・The first abortion patients accounted for 84.7%,repeated abortion accounted for 15.3%.years old accounted for 19.05%.First abortion in the age<15 There was no statistical difference between the reproductive health knowledge mastery score and the family economic status,parents*12*5 occupation,parents'marital status,parents5 sex education(P>0.05).The score of reproductive health knowledge was statistically different from that of school sex education and hospital sex education(P<0.05).Conclusions:The primary cause of unintended pregnancy is the lack of knowledge of contraception and reproductive health.Schools and hospitals are effective in sex education for adolescent girls.Relevant government departments,schools,families and hospitals should pay more attention to sex education and strengthen efforts to improve the quality of education,so as to further reduce the harm caused by accidental pregnancy of adolescent girls.

黄体生成素/促卵泡生成素比值对快进展型中枢性性早熟的预测价值研究

背景 中枢性性早熟(CPP)是儿童内分泌常见疾病,近年来呈逐年增加趋势,依据青春期发育进程可分为快进展型中枢性性早熟(RP-CPP)和缓慢进展型中枢性性早熟(SP-CPP)。RP-CPP具有极大危害,其与SPCPP在早期临床鉴别中存在困难,主要依靠随访中青春期发育进程及骨龄进展情况进行判断,目前缺乏有效的实验室检查指标来预测RP-CPP。目的 探讨促黄体生成素(LH)/促卵泡生成素(FSH)比值对RP-CPP的预测价值。方法回顾性选取2020年1月—2022年5月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的4~10岁CPP女童(n=380),依据青春期发育进程等指标分为RP-CPP组(n=130)及SP-CPP组(n=250),对两组间的临床特征进行对比分析,进行RP-CPP影响因素的单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,并绘制LH/FSH比值对RP-CPP预测价值的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。结果 RP-CPP组女童的身高、体质量、BMI、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、骨龄与实际年龄差值、双侧卵巢体积、LH基础值、雌二醇水平、LH基础值/FSH基础值、LH峰值/FSH峰值均高于SP-CPP组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示,LH基础值(OR=0.882,95%CI=0.686~0.986,P=0.035)及LH峰值/FSH峰值(OR=0.492,95%CI=0.336~0.723,P<0.001)是CPP患者进展为RP-CPP的影响因素。LH基础值/FSH基础值、LH峰值/FSH峰值均与身高、IGF-1、LH基础值、雌二醇水平、LH峰值、卵巢容积及骨龄呈正相关(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示LH基础值/FSH基础值、LH峰值/FSH峰值较其他指标对RP-CPP的预测价值更高,LH基础值/FSH基础值为0.63时,约登指数最大为0.258[灵敏度为43.1%,特异度为82.7%,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)=0.644],LH峰值/FSH峰值为1.39时,约登指数最大为0.276(灵敏度为74.6%,特异度53.0%,AUC=0.655),二者联合的预测模型优于单一指标预测模型(AUC=0.668)。对未进行临床干预患儿随访6个月后的基础促性腺激素水平进行分析,随访6个月后RP-CPP组的身高增长、ΔLH、ΔFSH、骨龄增长及卵巢容积增长均多于SP-CPP组(P<0.05)。结论 LH基础值/FSH基础值及LH峰值/FSH峰值是RP-CPP的早期预测指标,当LH/FSH基础值≥0.63或LH峰值/FSH峰值≥1.39时,需考虑RP-CPP的可能性,并且二者联合的预测价值优于单一指标,可作为临床应用促性腺激素释放激素类似物治疗的辅助参考指标。

Nutritional status in adolescent girls:Attempt to determine its prevalence and its association with sociodemographic variables

Objective:To determine the prevalence of malnutrition among adolescent girls and to assess the association of nutrition with sociodemographic variables.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescent girls aged 16-19 years.Data regarding sociodemographic variables were collected by administration of a prestructured,pretested questionnaire.Height and weight were measured by standardized techniques in a sample of 700 adolescents.BMI was calculated.IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 was used to determine proportions and for chi-square analysis,independence tests,and binary logistic regression.Results:We found 36.2%of adolescent girls were malnourished,among whom 33.7%were obese and 66.3%were undernourished.Conclusion:Age and education of the mother and father were found to be significantly associated with malnutrition.

同伴关系与环境敏感性对青春期女性心理健康的影响及其相互作用的理论模型

目的从青少年人格及同伴环境相互作用的角度,探讨同伴关系与环境敏感性的交互作用对青春期女性心理健康发展的影响,以及其相互作用的理论模型。方法2022年9月至11月,在陕西省西安市4个城区6所中学(7~12年级)的120个班开展青少年心理健康的问卷调查,随机选取5640名年龄在14~17岁的中学生为研究对象,其中女性有3135名(占55.6%),在完成心理健康问题(抑郁焦虑情绪、外化行为、自杀倾向、睡眠质量和主观幸福感)的测试后,进行同伴关系与环境敏感性的评估,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果①青春期女性的环境敏感性、同伴关系、抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量、自杀倾向和主观幸福感得分均明显高于青春期男性(t值分别为-7.504、-7.203、5.554、6.128、5.248、12.194、-2.864,P<0.05),而青春期女性的外化行为得分明显低于青春期男性(t=8.658,P<0.05)。②青春期女性同伴关系与抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量、自杀倾向均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.073、-0.081、-0.121、-0.422,P<0.01),与环境敏感性、外化行为和主观幸福感均呈正相关(r值分别为0.087、0.079、0.221,P<0.01);青春期女性环境敏感性与抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量和外化行为均呈正相关(r值分别为0.271、0.219、0.224、0.174,P<0.01),与自杀倾向呈负相关(r=-0.078,P<0.01),与主观幸福感无相关性(P>0.05)。③心理问题史在预测青春期女性主观幸福感、抑郁情绪和睡眠质量时,主效应均显著(b值分别为0.221、-0.361、-0.394,P<0.01);同伴关系及环境敏感性在预测青春期女性的主观幸福感、抑郁情绪、自杀倾向和睡眠质量时,主效应均显著(同伴关系:b值分别为0.283、-0.086、-0.431、-0.179,P<0.01,环境敏感性:b值分别为0.041、0.172、0.082、0.167,P<0.01);同伴关系与环境敏感性的交互作用均显著(b值分别为0.072、-0.074、-0.102、-0.093,P<0.05)。④同伴关系与环境敏感性对青春期女性主观幸福感、自杀倾向的交互作用符合差别易感性模型[主观幸福感:交互作用比例指标(PoI)=0.680,受影响比例指标(PA)=0.720;自杀倾向:PoI=0.250,PA=0.210],而同伴关系与环境敏感性对青春期女性抑郁情绪、睡眠质量的交互作用符合素质-压力模型(抑郁情绪:PoI=0.010,PA=0.008;睡眠质量:PoI=0.050,PA=0.030)。结论同伴关系与环境敏感性的交互作用对青春期女性主观幸福感及自杀倾向的影响支持差别易感性模型,而对抑郁情绪、睡眠质量的影响符合素质-压力模型,提示高环境敏感性女性更容易受到消极同伴关系的影响而表现出更多的心理问题,同时也更多获益于积极同伴环境的作用而促进健康发展。

浅从“女子不月”论治青春期女童月经迟潮

基于《黄帝内经》中“女子不月”的相关论述,浅析青春期女童月经迟潮的中医病因病机及治疗。青春期女童的月经迟潮,病因上多以肾虚为本,兼有脾虚而气血生化乏源,在标与肝郁气滞密切相关,因此治疗上以调补脾肾为主,兼以疏肝解郁,行气活血。并附验案1则以兹探讨。

Interhemispheric Subdural Empyema Secondary to Sinusitis in an Adolescent Girl

To the Editor:With the advent of antibiotics application,intracranial complications of paranasal sinusitis,including meningitis, intracranial abscess,subdural empyema (SDE),epidural abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis,and thrombosis of other dural sinuses, have become uncommon. However,SDE is still a life-threatening disease entity.It is defined as a purulent collection between dura mater and arachnoid.The most common cause of SDE is sinusitis.Other causes include meningitis,otitis media,operative infection,head trauma,and bacteremic seeding of previous subdural hematoma, Here,we present a rapidly progressive case ofinterhemispheric SDE following sinusitis.Clinicians should be aware of SDE when the patient presents with headache and fever,and neuroimaging manifests as a dilated subdural space especially in adolescent with sinusitis.

少女原发性痛经影响因素分析

目的 探讨青春期少女痛经发生情况及其影响因素 ,以便为其开展身心保健 ,采取有效对策。方法 采取整群随机抽样的方法 ,对宝鸡市具有代表性的三所中学 669名少女进行调查。结果 ( 1)少女痛经的发生率为 68.2 % ( 4 5 6/669) ,其中轻度为 5 0 .2 % ( 2 2 9/4 5 6) ,中度为 3 4.0 % ( 15 5 /4 5 6) ,重度为 15 .8% ( 72 /4 5 6)。 ( 2 )单因素分析有显著性意义的有 :少女食零食、冷水洗漱、睡眠、贫血 ,月经异常、白常异常 ,初潮年龄早 ,经龄时间短 ,烦躁焦虑 ,情绪低落 ,紧张担心 ,母亲有痛经共 12个因素对痛经有不同程度的影响 (P <0 .0 5 )。 ( 3 )多元逐步回归分析发现 ,睡眠充足为减少痛经发生的保护性因素 ,常食零食、贫血、月经异常、白带异常、烦躁与焦虑、情绪低落 6个因素是青春期少女痛经发生的危险因素 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 原发性痛经在青春期少女中具有较高的发生率 ,不良的生物、社会、心理因素可诱发少女痛经的发生。

青春期前后少女卵巢肿瘤临床特点分析

目的：探讨青春期前后少女卵巢肿瘤的临床特点及治疗。方法：对北京妇产医院1982年1月-2006年5月间收治的全部20岁以下卵巢肿瘤患者174例进行回顾性分析。结果：174例患者有明显临床症状就诊的占67.2%。良性肿瘤144例（82.8%）,恶性肿瘤30例（17.2%）。生殖细胞肿瘤患者97例（55.8%）,上皮性肿瘤42例（24.1%）,性索间质肿瘤8例（4.6%）,卵巢瘤样病变27例（15.5%）。上皮性肿瘤中黏液性肿瘤占76.2%。初潮前、后上皮性肿瘤及卵巢瘤样病变所占比例有明显差别。恶性生殖细胞肿瘤患者全子宫＋附件切除术后10年存活率与附件切除术者相比无增高。结论：青春期前后少女卵巢肿瘤以良性、生殖细胞肿瘤为主。黏液性肿瘤是上皮性肿瘤的主要病理类型。初潮是判断青春期少女卵巢肿瘤病理类型的一个重要因素。恶性肿瘤患者手术应尽可能保留生育功能。应重视青春期少女的临床表现并及时、定期妇科检查。

中学女生身体不满意的认知取向干预

基于女性身体不满意的预测模型,试图通过以干预课程为主的认知干预活动,降低青春期女生的身体不满意,形成健康的身体观。结果表明,身体不满意的干预活动能够有效防止初中女生身体不满意的进一步增加,对高中女生的影响没有达到显著差异;自编实验组女生成长问卷结果和实验组女生访谈的结果显示,干预活动给初中和高中实验组女生带来了一定的积极影响;初中生父母调查的结果反映了大部分父母比较满意此干预活动。研究表明本干预研究具有一定的可行性,值得进一步探讨和拓展。

香港华人少女进食障碍问卷的信度、效度与常模

目的:考察进食障碍问卷(EatingDisorderInventory,EDI)用于调查香港华人少女的心理测量学指标,并建立华人少女的年龄常模。方法:采用EDI对2256名12至18岁的香港中学女生进行调查,采用项目-总体相关、同质信度、结构效度等指标对EDI进行评定。结果:除8个项目外,项目-总体相关均高于0.30;EDI的α系数介于0.68到0.87;因素分析显示,按照特征根大于1的标准,提取出8个公因子,8个因子的累计贡献率为43.9%,符合原问卷的构想;组间比较分析揭示了进食障碍分量表得分的年龄和区域的显著差异。结论:进食障碍问卷是一种可靠、有效的评估进食障碍行为及相关心理特性的测查工具,本研究提供的华人少女特定年龄常模也为该问卷的应用提供了可靠的基础。

青春前期女童钙代谢实验研究

目的:研究我国青春前期女童钙代谢状况,初步探讨该时期女童钙需要量。方法:选择49名处于生长突增期、未月经初潮的青春前期女童,采用经典钙代谢实验方法,在600～1500mg/d范围内设计4个不同的钙摄入剂量组,观察研究对象的钙代谢状况。结果:在600～1500mg/d钙摄入量范围内,各组对象钙表观钙吸收率未发现差别,平均吸收率为(53±0.12)%(范围52%～55%)。采用非线性回归模型对钙摄入量和钙储留量的关系进行拟合,钙摄入量在500mg/d时,钙储留量处于较低水平,钙摄入量在500～1000mg/d时,储留量快速增加,当钙摄入量达到1100mg/d时,钙储留量稳定在500mg/d左右的平台水平。结论:我国青春前期女童钙的表观吸收率为(53±0.12)%;青春前期女童达到最大钙储留量的最低钙摄入量是1100mg/d。

青春期女生食物选择倾向和节食行为调查

目的 了解青春期女生食物选择倾向和节食行为及其影响因素 ,为对青春期女生进行营养教育提供依据。方法 采用问卷调查的方法 ,对 685名 8～ 2 1岁青春期女生进行食物选择倾向和节食行为调查。结果60 0 %以上女生存在食物好恶 ,影响食物选择倾向的主要因素是食物的味道、营养、外观、家庭饮食习惯、潮流时尚或节食减肥行为等。青春期前、中、后期女生中发生节食的比例分别为 4 9%、 2 2 6%和 2 8 9% ,各年龄组发生节食的比例差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1 )。调查还发现 ,节食与非节食的青春期女生对自身体形认识差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 大多数青春期女生有食物好恶倾向 ,部分女生存在节食行为 ,应制定有效的营养教育措施 。