多尺度特征和极化自注意力的Faster-RCNN水漂垃圾识别

针对小目标水漂垃圾形态多变、分辨率低且信息有限,导致检测效果不理想的问题,提出一种改进的Faster-RCNN(Faster Regions with Convolutional Neural Network)水漂垃圾检测算法MP-Faster-RCNN(Faster-RCNN with Multi-scale feature and Polarized self-attention)。首先,建立黄河兰州段小目标水漂垃圾数据集,将空洞卷积结合ResNet-50代替原来的VGG-16(Visual Geometry Group 16)作为主干特征提取网络,扩大感受野以提取更多小目标特征;其次,在区域生成网络(RPN)利用多尺度特征,设置3×3和1×1的两层卷积,补偿单一滑动窗口造成的特征丢失;最后,在RPN前加入极化自注意力,进一步利用多尺度和通道特征提取更细粒度的多尺度空间信息和通道间依赖关系,生成具有全局特征的特征图,实现更精确的目标框定位。实验结果表明,MP-Faster-RCNN能有效提高水漂垃圾检测精度,与原始Faster-RCNN相比,平均精度均值(mAP)提高了6.37个百分点,模型大小从521 MB降到了108 MB,且在同一训练批次下收敛更快。

基于Faster-RCNN网络的接箍自动识别方法

在可视化测井中,深度对于判断油管缺陷位置、射孔位置至关重要,而现有的测深系统具有一定的深度误差。在观测井下视频人工查找接箍,存在耗时、检测速度慢等问题。先对VideoLog油气井可视化测井技术采集到的井下视频进行图像增强,引入Faster-RCNN模型,采用ResNet50网络作为特征提取网络提取接箍特征,最终通过兴趣区域池化网络和全连接层完成接箍的识别定位。该模型有着0.99的平均精度,在实验中,视频中的接箍均可被准确识别,具有识别速度快和准确率高等优点。

基于改进版Faster-RCNN的复杂背景下桃树黄叶病识别研究

由于桃树黄叶病(以下简称PTYLD)初期症状不明显,现有的基于深度学习的桃树病害识别技术,存在识别准确率不高、识别品种单一的问题,提出一种基于Faster-RCNN的PTYLD识别模型。为提高模型对PTYLD识别准确率和识别多样性,提出使用RS-Loss函数代替RPN中的交叉熵函数、使用Soft-NMS算法代替原来的NMS算法,来改进Faster-RCNN。通过试验对比初始版和改进版Faster-RCNN对PTYLD的识别效果。试验结果显示,改进后的Faster-RCNN对黄叶病识别的各类别平均准确率mAP达90.56%、召回率达94.16%、准确率达92.53%,能识别常见的五种PTYLD。

Underwater four-quadrant dual-beam circumferential scanning laser fuze using nonlinear adaptive backscatter filter based on pauseable SAF-LMS algorithm

The phenomenon of a target echo peak overlapping with the backscattered echo peak significantly undermines the detection range and precision of underwater laser fuzes.To overcome this issue,we propose a four-quadrant dual-beam circumferential scanning laser fuze to distinguish various interference signals and provide more real-time data for the backscatter filtering algorithm.This enhances the algorithm loading capability of the fuze.In order to address the problem of insufficient filtering capacity in existing linear backscatter filtering algorithms,we develop a nonlinear backscattering adaptive filter based on the spline adaptive filter least mean square(SAF-LMS)algorithm.We also designed an algorithm pause module to retain the original trend of the target echo peak,improving the time discrimination accuracy and anti-interference capability of the fuze.Finally,experiments are conducted with varying signal-to-noise ratios of the original underwater target echo signals.The experimental results show that the average signal-to-noise ratio before and after filtering can be improved by more than31 d B,with an increase of up to 76%in extreme detection distance.

Rao Algorithms-Based Structure Optimization for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

The structural optimization of wireless sensor networks is a critical issue because it impacts energy consumption and hence the network’s lifetime.Many studies have been conducted for homogeneous networks,but few have been performed for heterogeneouswireless sensor networks.This paper utilizes Rao algorithms to optimize the structure of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks according to node locations and their initial energies.The proposed algorithms lack algorithm-specific parameters and metaphorical connotations.The proposed algorithms examine the search space based on the relations of the population with the best,worst,and randomly assigned solutions.The proposed algorithms can be evaluated using any routing protocol,however,we have chosen the well-known routing protocols in the literature:Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH),Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems(PEAGSIS),Partitioned-based Energy-efficient LEACH(PE-LEACH),and the Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems Neural Network(PEAGSIS-NN)recent routing protocol.We compare our optimized method with the Jaya,the Particle Swarm Optimization-based Energy Efficient Clustering(PSO-EEC)protocol,and the hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm and PSO(HSA-PSO)algorithms.The efficiencies of our proposed algorithms are evaluated by conducting experiments in terms of the network lifetime(first dead node,half dead nodes,and last dead node),energy consumption,packets to cluster head,and packets to the base station.The experimental results were compared with those obtained using the Jaya optimization algorithm.The proposed algorithms exhibited the best performance.The proposed approach successfully prolongs the network lifetime by 71% for the PEAGSIS protocol,51% for the LEACH protocol,10% for the PE-LEACH protocol,and 73% for the PEGSIS-NN protocol;Moreover,it enhances other criteria such as energy conservation,fitness convergence,packets to cluster head,and packets to the base station.

基于迁移学习和改进Faster-RCNN遥感影像飞机目标检测

为了提高遥感影像飞机目标检测的准确性和泛化能力,需要解决背景复杂、尺度多变、目标密集、飞机朝向不确定和特征不明显等问题。但现阶段训练数据量有限,初始训练需要消耗大量算力和时间,容易出现过拟合现象。因此,需要优化模型结构和训练过程。针对上述问题,首先引入一种迁移学习的策略,在Faster-RCNN模型训练之前,加载MS COCO数据集预先训练好的权重,使模型快速收敛,节约了大量的训练时间。然后以ResNet50替代原Faster-RCNN的VGG16特征提取网络,更好地利用深层次的语义信息,在此基础上结合FPN网络,并对原Faster-RCNN的9种锚框增加为15种锚框,通过融合多尺度特征图以获得更丰富的特征表示,从而提高网络检测和定位目标的能力。以RSOD-Dataset数据集为例进行飞机目标检测实验,同时比较不同检测算法的性能;再以NWPU VHR-10数据集验证模型的泛化性和稳定性,实验结果表明:改进的Faster-RCNN在RSOD-Dataset数据集上的精确率为97.54%;在NWPU VHR-10数据集上的精确率为98.27%。通过迁移学习和改进Faster-RCNN的网络结构,可以实现在数据量较少的情况下高精度目标检测,且泛化能力较强,所提方法可以利用于其他目标检测和识别,具有较好的推广意义。

Product quality prediction based on RBF optimized by firefly algorithm

With the development of information technology,a large number of product quality data in the entire manufacturing process is accumulated,but it is not explored and used effectively.The traditional product quality prediction models have many disadvantages,such as high complexity and low accuracy.To overcome the above problems,we propose an optimized data equalization method to pre-process dataset and design a simple but effective product quality prediction model:radial basis function model optimized by the firefly algorithm with Levy flight mechanism(RBFFALM).First,the new data equalization method is introduced to pre-process the dataset,which reduces the dimension of the data,removes redundant features,and improves the data distribution.Then the RBFFALFM is used to predict product quality.Comprehensive expe riments conducted on real-world product quality datasets validate that the new model RBFFALFM combining with the new data pre-processing method outperforms other previous me thods on predicting product quality.

Path Planning for AUVs Based on Improved APF-AC Algorithm

With the increase in ocean exploration activities and underwater development,the autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)has been widely used as a type of underwater automation equipment in the detection of underwater environments.However,nowadays AUVs generally have drawbacks such as weak endurance,low intelligence,and poor detection ability.The research and implementation of path-planning methods are the premise of AUVs to achieve actual tasks.To improve the underwater operation ability of the AUV,this paper studies the typical problems of path-planning for the ant colony algorithm and the artificial potential field algorithm.In response to the limitations of a single algorithm,an optimization scheme is proposed to improve the artificial potential field ant colony(APF-AC)algorithm.Compared with traditional ant colony and comparative algorithms,the APF-AC reduced the path length by 1.57%and 0.63%(in the simple environment),8.92%and 3.46%(in the complex environment).The iteration time has been reduced by approximately 28.48%and 18.05%(in the simple environment),18.53%and 9.24%(in the complex environment).Finally,the improved APF-AC algorithm has been validated on the AUV platform,and the experiment is consistent with the simulation.Improved APF-AC algorithm can effectively reduce the underwater operation time and overall power consumption of the AUV,and shows a higher safety.

基于Faster-RCNN的绝缘子缺陷检测

针对传统人工检测绝缘子缺陷效率低的问题,提出一种基于Faster-RCNN的绝缘子缺陷检测方法。首先对航拍的绝缘子缺陷图片进行数据增强,其次算法中使用残差网络结构并引入注意力机制,提升检测效果的同时降低了模型复杂性,使用组归一化方式代替批归一化方式,最后用Soft-NMS代替NMS进行结果优化。试验结果表明,改进后算法的精确率达到90.3%,与改进前相对比精确率提升了14.7%,使绝缘子缺陷检测的有效性与可靠性得到了提升。

Algorithm Selection Method Based on Coupling Strength for Partitioned Analysis of Structure-Piezoelectric-Circuit Coupling

In this study, we propose an algorithm selection method based on coupling strength for the partitioned analysis ofstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling, which includes two types of coupling or inverse and direct piezoelectriccoupling and direct piezoelectric and circuit coupling. In the proposed method, implicit and explicit formulationsare used for strong and weak coupling, respectively. Three feasible partitioned algorithms are generated, namely(1) a strongly coupled algorithm that uses a fully implicit formulation for both types of coupling, (2) a weaklycoupled algorithm that uses a fully explicit formulation for both types of coupling, and (3) a partially stronglycoupled and partially weakly coupled algorithm that uses an implicit formulation and an explicit formulation forthe two types of coupling, respectively.Numerical examples using a piezoelectric energy harvester,which is a typicalstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling problem, demonstrate that the proposed method selects the most costeffectivealgorithm.

A Review of Image Steganography Based on Multiple Hashing Algorithm

Steganography is a technique for hiding secret messages while sending and receiving communications through a cover item.From ancient times to the present,the security of secret or vital information has always been a significant problem.The development of secure communication methods that keep recipient-only data transmissions secret has always been an area of interest.Therefore,several approaches,including steganography,have been developed by researchers over time to enable safe data transit.In this review,we have discussed image steganography based on Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT)algorithm,etc.We have also discussed image steganography based on multiple hashing algorithms like the Rivest–Shamir–Adleman(RSA)method,the Blowfish technique,and the hash-least significant bit(LSB)approach.In this review,a novel method of hiding information in images has been developed with minimal variance in image bits,making our method secure and effective.A cryptography mechanism was also used in this strategy.Before encoding the data and embedding it into a carry image,this review verifies that it has been encrypted.Usually,embedded text in photos conveys crucial signals about the content.This review employs hash table encryption on the message before hiding it within the picture to provide a more secure method of data transport.If the message is ever intercepted by a third party,there are several ways to stop this operation.A second level of security process implementation involves encrypting and decrypting steganography images using different hashing algorithms.

Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Handwritten Document Enhancement

The Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) demonstrate strong performance;however, there remains room for improvement in convergence and practical applications. This study introduces a hybrid optimization algorithm, named the adaptive inertia weight whale optimization algorithm and gannet optimization algorithm (AIWGOA), which addresses challenges in enhancing handwritten documents. The hybrid strategy integrates the strengths of both algorithms, significantly enhancing their capabilities, whereas the adaptive parameter strategy mitigates the need for manual parameter setting. By amalgamating the hybrid strategy and parameter-adaptive approach, the Gannet Optimization Algorithm was refined to yield the AIWGOA. Through a performance analysis of the CEC2013 benchmark, the AIWGOA demonstrates notable advantages across various metrics. Subsequently, an evaluation index was employed to assess the enhanced handwritten documents and images, affirming the superior practical application of the AIWGOA compared with other algorithms.

基于Faster-RCNN的智能机器人自动抓取系统研究

为实现复杂场景、多模态目标物体的自适应定位、抓取,文章设计一种基于改进Faster-RCNN算法的智能机器人自动抓取系统。首先,以DSFPN算法改进Faster-RCNN的特征提取方法,通过低、高层次语义信息融合,改进小尺寸目标特征提取精度;并采用CDN通过可变形卷积的逐层叠加,提升复杂环境下多模态目标体检测精度,而后,引人NP层对训练进行自适应反馈调节,以控制候选区数量,优化目标检测的效率,由此,基于ROS机器人操作系统,利用Kinect相机获取目标物体的位姿,通过手眼标定数据完成目标物体位姿转换,实现自适应抓取。最后,通过对比实验,验证基于改进Faster-RCNN算法的抓取系统,目标检准率、检全率、综合检测率分别达到93.68、92.71%、93.06%,尤其对小尺寸目标的检测准确性更优,可满足多变环境下不同目标物体的抓取需求。

Representation of an Integer by a Quadratic Form through the Cornacchia Algorithm

Cornachia’s algorithm can be adapted to the case of the equation x2+dy2=nand even to the case of ax2+bxy+cy2=n. For the sake of completeness, we have given modalities without proofs (the proof in the case of the equation x2+y2=n). Starting from a quadratic form with two variables f(x,y)=ax2+bxy+cy2and n an integer. We have shown that a primitive positive solution (u,v)of the equation f(x,y)=nis admissible if it is obtained in the following way: we take α modulo n such that f(α,1)≡0modn, u is the first of the remainders of Euclid’s algorithm associated with n and α that is less than 4cn/| D |) (possibly α itself) and the equation f(x,y)=n. has an integer solution u in y. At the end of our work, it also appears that the Cornacchia algorithm is good for the form n=ax2+bxy+cy2if all the primitive positive integer solutions of the equation f(x,y)=nare admissible, i.e. computable by the algorithmic process.

A Hybrid Dung Beetle Optimization Algorithm with Simulated Annealing for the Numerical Modeling of Asymmetric Wave Equations

In the generalized continuum mechanics(GCM)theory framework,asymmetric wave equations encompass the characteristic scale parameters of the medium,accounting for microstructure interactions.This study integrates two theoretical branches of the GCM,the modified couple stress theory(M-CST)and the one-parameter second-strain-gradient theory,to form a novel asymmetric wave equation in a unified framework.Numerical modeling of the asymmetric wave equation in a unified framework accurately describes subsurface structures with vital implications for subsequent seismic wave inversion and imaging endeavors.However,employing finite-difference(FD)methods for numerical modeling may introduce numerical dispersion,adversely affecting the accuracy of numerical modeling.The design of an optimal FD operator is crucial for enhancing the accuracy of numerical modeling and emphasizing the scale effects.Therefore,this study devises a hybrid scheme called the dung beetle optimization(DBO)algorithm with a simulated annealing(SA)algorithm,denoted as the SA-based hybrid DBO(SDBO)algorithm.An FD operator optimization method under the SDBO algorithm was developed and applied to the numerical modeling of asymmetric wave equations in a unified framework.Integrating the DBO and SA algorithms mitigates the risk of convergence to a local extreme.The numerical dispersion outcomes underscore that the proposed SDBO algorithm yields FD operators with precision errors constrained to 0.5‱while encompassing a broader spectrum coverage.This result confirms the efficacy of the SDBO algorithm.Ultimately,the numerical modeling results demonstrate that the new FD method based on the SDBO algorithm effectively suppresses numerical dispersion and enhances the accuracy of elastic wave numerical modeling,thereby accentuating scale effects.This result is significant for extracting wavefield perturbations induced by complex microstructures in the medium and the analysis of scale effects.

Multi-Objective Optimization of VBHF in Deep Drawing Based on the Improved QO-Jaya Algorithm

Blank holder force(BHF)is a crucial parameter in deep drawing,having close relation with the forming quality of sheet metal.However,there are different BHFs maintaining the best forming effect in different stages of deep drawing.The variable blank holder force(VBHF)varying with the drawing stage can overcome this problem at an extent.The optimization of VBHF is to determine the optimal BHF in every deep drawing stage.In this paper,a new heuristic optimization algorithm named Jaya is introduced to solve the optimization efficiently.An improved“Quasi-oppositional”strategy is added to Jaya algorithm for improving population diversity.Meanwhile,an innovated stop criterion is added for better convergence.Firstly,the quality evaluation criteria for wrinkling and tearing are built.Secondly,the Kriging models are developed to approximate and quantify the relation between VBHF and forming defects under random sampling.Finally,the optimization models are established and solved by the improved QO-Jaya algorithm.A VBHF optimization example of component with complicated shape and thin wall is studied to prove the effectiveness of the improved Jaya algorithm.The optimization results are compared with that obtained by other algorithms based on the TOPSIS method.

RRT Autonomous Detection Algorithm Based on Multiple Pilot Point Bias Strategy and Karto SLAM Algorithm

A Rapid-exploration Random Tree(RRT)autonomous detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy and Karto Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM)algorithm was proposed to solve the problems of low efficiency of detecting frontier boundary points and drift distortion in the process of map building in the traditional RRT algorithm in the autonomous detection strategy of mobile robot.Firstly,an RRT global frontier boundary point detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy was put forward,which introduces the reference value of guide nodes’deflection probability into the random sampling function so that the global search tree can detect frontier boundary points towards the guide nodes according to random probability.After that,a new autonomous detection algorithm for mobile robots was proposed by combining the graph optimization-based Karto SLAM algorithm with the previously improved RRT algorithm.The algorithm simulation platform based on the Gazebo platform was built.The simulation results show that compared with the traditional RRT algorithm,the proposed RRT autonomous detection algorithm can effectively reduce the time of autonomous detection,plan the length of detection trajectory under the condition of high average detection coverage,and complete the task of autonomous detection mapping more efficiently.Finally,with the help of the ROS-based mobile robot experimental platform,the performance of the proposed algorithm was verified in the real environment of different obstacles.The experimental results show that in the actual environment of simple and complex obstacles,the proposed RRT autonomous detection algorithm was superior to the traditional RRT autonomous detection algorithm in the time of detection,length of detection trajectory,and average coverage,thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of autonomous detection.

Synergistic Swarm Optimization Algorithm

This research paper presents a novel optimization method called the Synergistic Swarm Optimization Algorithm(SSOA).The SSOA combines the principles of swarmintelligence and synergistic cooperation to search for optimal solutions efficiently.A synergistic cooperation mechanism is employed,where particles exchange information and learn from each other to improve their search behaviors.This cooperation enhances the exploitation of promising regions in the search space while maintaining exploration capabilities.Furthermore,adaptive mechanisms,such as dynamic parameter adjustment and diversification strategies,are incorporated to balance exploration and exploitation.By leveraging the collaborative nature of swarm intelligence and integrating synergistic cooperation,the SSOAmethod aims to achieve superior convergence speed and solution quality performance compared to other optimization algorithms.The effectiveness of the proposed SSOA is investigated in solving the 23 benchmark functions and various engineering design problems.The experimental results highlight the effectiveness and potential of the SSOA method in addressing challenging optimization problems,making it a promising tool for a wide range of applications in engineering and beyond.Matlab codes of SSOA are available at:https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/153466-synergistic-swarm-optimization-algorithm.

MCWOA Scheduler:Modified Chimp-Whale Optimization Algorithm for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing provides a diverse and adaptable resource pool over the internet,allowing users to tap into various resources as needed.It has been seen as a robust solution to relevant challenges.A significant delay can hamper the performance of IoT-enabled cloud platforms.However,efficient task scheduling can lower the cloud infrastructure’s energy consumption,thus maximizing the service provider’s revenue by decreasing user job processing times.The proposed Modified Chimp-Whale Optimization Algorithm called Modified Chimp-Whale Optimization Algorithm(MCWOA),combines elements of the Chimp Optimization Algorithm(COA)and the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA).To enhance MCWOA’s identification precision,the Sobol sequence is used in the population initialization phase,ensuring an even distribution of the population across the solution space.Moreover,the traditional MCWOA’s local search capabilities are augmented by incorporating the whale optimization algorithm’s bubble-net hunting and random search mechanisms into MCWOA’s position-updating process.This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach using a two-story rigid frame and a simply supported beam model.Simulated outcomes reveal that the new method outperforms the original MCWOA,especially in multi-damage detection scenarios.MCWOA excels in avoiding false positives and enhancing computational speed,making it an optimal choice for structural damage detection.The efficiency of the proposed MCWOA is assessed against metrics such as energy usage,computational expense,task duration,and delay.The simulated data indicates that the new MCWOA outpaces other methods across all metrics.The study also references the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),Chimp Algorithm(CA),Ant Lion Optimizer(ALO),Genetic Algorithm(GA)and Grey Wolf Optimizer(GWO).

基于Faster-RCNN与自注意力机制的矿山图像异常检测算法

矿山异常行为检测是一项重要工作,有助于提高采场安全生产监管效率。提出了一种基于自注意力机制的Faster-RCNN算法,用于矿山图像异常行为检测。该算法通过自注意力机制对特征图进行加权,有效提取关键特征,并减少冗余信息干扰。首先,从图像中提取RoI区域,并通过自注意力机制对RoI区域内的特征图进行加权,使得关键特征得到更准确的提取。同时,对RoI区域内的特征图进行细粒度融合,以捕捉更多的图像细节信息。最后,使用分类器对每个RoI区域进行分类,以检测图像中的异常行为。在自建数据集上对算法进行了训练与评估,试验结果表明:所提算法在矿工图像异常行为检测工作上表现出更高的准确性和鲁棒性,与传统的Faster-RCNN算法相比,该算法检测精度提高了4.8%。此外,该算法对于光照和角度等变化具有更好的鲁棒性,可以有效应对实际场景中的复杂环境。