Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP)is a pregnancy-specific liver condition that typically arises in the middle and late stages of pregnancy.Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),prominent metabolites of the gut microbiota,have significant connections with various pregnancy complications,and some SCFAs hold potential for treating such complications.However,the metabolic profile of SCFAs in patients with ICP remains unclear.AIM To investigate the metabolic profiles and differences in SCFAs present in the maternal and cord blood of patients with ICP and determine the clinical significance of these findings.METHODS Maternal serum and cord blood samples were collected from both patients with ICP(ICP group)and normal pregnant women(NP group).Targeted metabolomics was used to assess the SCFA levels in these samples.RESULTS Significant differences in maternal SCFAs were observed between the ICP and NP groups.Most SCFAs exhibited a consistent declining trend in cord blood samples from the ICP group,mirroring the pattern seen in maternal serum.Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between maternal serum SCFAs and cord blood SCFAs[r(Pearson)=0.88,P=7.93e-95].In both maternal serum and cord blood,acetic and caproic acids were identified as key metabolites contributing to the differences in SCFAs between the two groups(variable importance for the projection>1).Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that multiple SCFAs in maternal blood have excellent diagnostic capabilities for ICP,with caproic acid exhibiting the highest diagnostic efficacy(area under the curve=0.97).CONCLUSION Compared with the NP group,significant alterations were observed in the SCFAs of maternal serum and cord blood in the ICP group,although they displayed distinct patterns of change.Furthermore,the SCFA levels in maternal serum and cord blood were significantly positively correlated.Notably,certain maternal serum SCFAs,specifically caproic and acetic acids,demonstrated excellent diagnostic efficiency for ICP.

The Relationships between Erythrocyte Membrane n-6 to n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Ratio and Blood Lipids and C-reactive Protein in Chinese Adults:An Observational Study

Objective To investigate the relationships between erythrocyte membrane n-6：n-3 PUFAs ratio and blood lipids and high sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）. Methods The Chinese and a observational study consisted of a population-based cross-sectiona subsequent 1-year follow-up study of 171 subjects with the fasting cholesterol of 5.13-8.00 mmol/L. study of 456 plasma total Results In the cross-sectional analysis, plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-c） had a significant and negative association with the erythrocyte membrane n-6：n-3 PUFAs ratio （P for trend=0.019） after adjusting for sex, age and total PUFA percentage. In the follow-up study, 171 subjects were categorized into quartiles by the changes of n-6：n-3 ratio in erythrocyte membrane （△=month 12-month 0）. In the top quartile whose ratios of n-6：n-3 increased by an average of 1.25 during the follow-up, the LDL-c-lowering extent was 3.3 times of that in the lowest quartile whose ratios of n-6：n-3 decreased by an average of 1.13 （-1.07 mmol/L v.s. -0.32 mmol/L）. The hsCRP decreased by 0.11 mg/dL in the lowest quartile while increasing by 0.10 mg/dL in the top quartile （P for difference=0.052）. Conclusion Our results suggested that the balance between n-6 and n-3 fatty acids may optimize the cardiovascular benefits from dietary PUFAs.

Effects of <i>γ</i>-Polyglutamic Acid on Blood Glucose and Caecal Short Chain Fatty Acids in Adult Male Mice

γ-Polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a major component of Natto. We hypothesized that γ-PGA could reduce postprandial glucose rise and plasma glucose levels. Mice were fed a 0.1% γ-PGA—containing diet or control diet for 91 days. Maltose and starch tolerance tests were performed, and plasma lipids, glucose levels, and caecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured. Mice were co-administered γ-PGA and starch to suppress the initial rise in blood glucose levels. Blood glucose levels at 15 min were significantly lower in the PGA group than in the Con group (P 0.05). The plasma glucose level and NEFA level were also significantly lower in the PGA group (P 0.05), and caecal acetic acid/total caecal SCFAs ratio was significantly increased in the PGA group (P 0.05). Significant negative correlations existed between the caecal acetic acid/propionic acid ratio and the weight of visceral fat/BW (r =?-0.57, P = 0.0318). Our results suggest that γ-PGA may effectively prevent metabolic syndrome by lowering blood glucose levels.

The interplay between non-esterified fatty acids and bovine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: results of an in vitro hybrid approach

Background: In dairy cows circulating non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA) increase early post-partum while liver and other tissues undergo adaptation to greater lipid metabolism, mainly regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPAR). PPAR are activated by fatty acids(FA), but it remains to be demonstrated that circulating NEFA or dietary FA activate bovine PPAR. We hypothesized that circulating NEFA and dietary FA activate PPAR in dairy cows.Methods: The dose-response activation of PPAR by NEFA or dietary FA was assessed using HP300 e digital dispenser and luciferase reporter in several bovine cell types. Cells were treated with blood plasma isolated from Jersey cows before and after parturition, NEFA isolated from the blood plasma, FA released from lipoproteins using milk lipoprotein lipase(LPL), and palmitic acid(C16:0). Effect on each PPAR isotype was assessed using specific synthetic inhibitors.Results: NEFA isolated from blood serum activate PPAR linearly up to ~ 4-fold at 400 μmol/L in MAC-T cells but had cytotoxic effect. Addition of albumin to the culture media decreases cytotoxic effects of NEFA but also PPAR activation by ~ 2-fold. Treating cells with serum from peripartum cows reveals that much of the PPAR activation can be explained by the amount of NEFA in the serum(R~2 = 0.91) and that the response to serum NEFA follows a quadratic tendency, with peak activation around 1.4 mmol/L. Analysis of PPAR activation by serum in MAC-T, BFH-12 and BPAEC cells revealed that most of the activation is explained by the activity of PPARδ and PPARγ, but not PPARα. Palmitic acid activated PPAR when added in culture media or blood serum but the activation was limited to PPARδ and PPARα and the response was nil in serum from post-partum cows. The addition of LPL to the serum increased > 1.5-fold PPAR activation.Conclusion: Our results support dose-dependent activation of PPAR by circulating NEFA in bovine, specifically δand γ isotypes. Data also support the possibility of increasing PPAR activation by dietary FA;however, this nutrigenomics approach maybe only effective in pre-partum but not post-partum cows.

Inhibitive effects of glucose and free fatty acids on proliferation of humanvascular endothelial cells in vitro

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of glucose and free fatty acids (FFAs) on the proliferation and cell cycle of human vascular endothelial cells in vitro, and to examine whether the combined presence of elevated FFAs and glucose may cross-amplify their individual injurious effects. METHODS: Cultured human vascular endothelial cells (ECV304) were incubated with various concentrations of glucose and/or FFAs (palmitate and/or oleate) for 24 - 96 h. Morphologic alterations were observed using a phase contrast microscope and an electron microscope. Inhibition of proliferation was measured by a colorimetric 3-[4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell viability was determined using trypan blue exclusion. Distribution of cells along phases of the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Glucose 15 or 30 mmol/L, palmitate (PA) 0.25 or 0.5 mmol/L, and oleate (OA) 0.5 mmol/L inhibited proliferation and accelerated death of endothelial cells in a dose-and-time-dependent manner. After treatment with elevated glucose and/or FFAs, the G(0)/G(1) phase cells increased, whereas S phase cells decreased, suggesting that high glucose and/or FFAs mainly arrested endothelial cells at G(0)/G(1) phase. The inhibitive rates of proliferation and population of dead cells in endothelial cells incubated with glucose plus FFAs (glucose 30 mmol/L + PA 0.25 mmol/L, glucose 30 mmol/L + OA 0.5 mmol/L, glucose 30 mmol/L + PA 0.25 mmol/L + OA 0.5 mmol/L) increased more markedly than those treated with high glucose or FFAs (PA and/or OA) alone. CONCLUSION: Both high ambient glucose and FFAs can inhibit proliferation and accelerate death of endothelial cells in vitro. These changes were cross-amplified in the combined presence of high levels of glucose and FFAs.

Effects of Subcutaneous Fat Stores on Serum Phospholipids and Nonesterified Fatty Acid Lipid Fractions in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Negative energy balance in early lactating dairy cows results in a massive release of fatty acids （FA） into the blood in nonesterified fatty acids （NEFA） form. Large quantities of circulating NEFA may alter the serum FA profile of phospholipids （PL） fraction, which is responsible for cellular plasma membrane integrity and intercellular signaling. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of subcutaneous fat stores, as assessed by body condition score （BCS） on a scale of one to five, around the time of calving and the subsequent lipomobilization on FA profile of serum NEFA and PL lipid fractions, and on productive performance. Based on BCS, cows were retrospectively dichotomized into two groups： over-conditioned （BCS _〉 3.25） and control （BCS _〈 3.0）. 22 cows had serum samples obtained at -28, -7, 8, 18 and 28 d relative to parturition and analyzed for the FA profile of the NEFA and PL fractions. As expected, over-conditioned cows had greater total plasma NEFA concentrations and decreased dry matter intake. Milk yield and composition did not differ between groups. More importantly however, several FA in the NEFA fraction of plasma lipids varied significantly, including C14：1, C16：0, C18：0 and C20：3n3. In the PL fraction, other FA varied significantly by BCS around time of parturition, including C16：0, C17：0, total C18：2 cis, and C20：2. In summary, BCS did affect FA profile of serum NEFA and PL lipid fractions. This may have drastic consequences for circulating immune cells and their ability to fight infection by altering their FA profile.

Omega-3 fatty acids and non-communicable diseases

Objective To review the relation between dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) and non-communicable diseases. Method Data were collected from scientific journals and conference publications, MEDLINE (1979-2002) and current content which included 68 prospective, cross-sectional, case control and dietary-intervention studies. Scientific paper selections were based on the association between ω-3 PUFA and non-communicable diseases. Results ω-3 PUFA has beneficial effects on increasing heart rate variability, decreasing the risk of stroke, reducing both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. Long chain ω-3 PUFA has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. ω-3 PUFA has also been reported to have a beneficial effect on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia, and may be effective in managing depression in adults. Conclusions Results from epidemiological and dietary intervention studies have shown that ω-3 PUFA represent powerfully a class of bioactive compounds and that dietary intake of ω-3 PUFA plays a critical role in human health in relation to non-communicable diseases.

Effects of N-3 Fatty Acids on the Coronary Heart Disease Patients

Objectives To evaluate the effects of n-3 fatty acids on the coronary heart disease patients. Methods From September 2007 to March 2008, 60 patients with coronary heart disease were randomly assigned to n-3 fatty acids group (group N) and control group (group C). Both groups received standard coronary artery disease secondary prevention treatment and group N also received eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 1.8 g plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 1.2 g per day for 12 weeks. Plasma triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and blood pressure were measured before and after the study. Results Plasma triacylglycerols, blood pressure and LDL-C level were lower in group N after n-3 fatty acids treatment while no change was found in group C (P<0.05). HDL-C level slightly increased and total cholesterol level slightly decreased after n-3 fatty acids but both change were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions N-3 fatty acids have beneficial effects on the coronary artery disease patients.

Considerations on Blood Platelets: A Neuron’s Mirror for Mood Disorders?

This work aims to be a reflection concerning a remarkable similarity between platelet and neuron. Through a series of experimental tests which have affected the fatty acid composition of the membrane of platelets, it was possible to provide a contribution to the scientific literature, which had already reported strong similarities between platelet and neuron. The work performed could be of great interest to investigate, by studying the interactome of the platelet, the molecular behavior of the neuron.

土鳖虫化学成分和药理作用的研究进展及其质量标志物(Q-Marker)的预测分析

土鳖虫是我国传统中药,分布于河南、河北、江苏、湖南等地,具有破血逐瘀、续筋接骨的功效。土鳖虫中化学成分种类丰富,主要包括蛋白质及多肽类、氨基酸类、脂肪酸类、生物碱、无机元素、核苷类等。现代药理研究表明,土鳖虫具备抗凝血并防止血栓形成、调节血脂的作用,此外,还具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、增强免疫力、抗氧化等作用。近年来,土鳖虫等动物类中药在临床应用方面备受关注。本文对土鳖虫化学成分和药理作用的研究现状进行总结,在此基础上分析功效作用与化学成分之间的联系,发现蛋白质及多肽类成分与抗凝血、调血脂作用关联紧密,生物碱类成分与抗菌抗炎作用相关。并从传统功效、现代药理、化学成分可测性、中药配伍等角度预测分析其质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker),初步确定土鳖虫活性肽组分、纤溶活性蛋白、脂肪酸类成分、生物碱、核苷类成分等可作为其质量标志物。中药质量标志物的研究为鉴定土鳖虫的真假优劣提供依据,也为后续开发土鳖虫新剂型、制定质量标准提供理论基础。

抑郁症患者血清短链脂肪酸水平与症状及生化指标的相关性

目的 探索抑郁症患者血清短链脂肪酸与生化指标及症状的相关性。方法 本研究共纳入50例住院的抑郁症患者为病例组,并同期海报招募了42名健康志愿者为对照组。采用气相色质谱法检测所有被试者血清中5种短链脂肪酸含量,包括乙酸、丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸和己酸。采用ELISA法检测血脂、血糖、胆汁酸、肌酐、尿素、尿酸、甲状腺素等生化指标。采用流式细胞法检测血液中的免疫指标(白细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、中性粒细胞百分比、淋巴细胞百分比、单核细胞百分比)。采用HAMD-17、HAMA-14他评量表以及PHQ-9、GAD-7、PSQI、SDS等自评量表评估抑郁症的临床症状。使用Spearman相关分析计算短链脂肪酸与血液免疫细胞、血糖血脂、甲状腺素等生化指标和临床症状量表的相关性。结果 病例组血清短链脂肪酸中乙酸、戊酸、异戊酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,在抑郁症患者中升高的乙酸与单核细胞百分比呈显著正相关(r=0.39,P<0.01);戊酸与尿酸呈负相关(r=-0.33,P<0.05),与葡萄糖(r=0.31,P<0.05)和GAD7(r=0.31,P<0.05)呈正相关;异戊酸与肌酐(r=0.29,P<0.05)、尿素(r=0.30,P<0.05)、HAMA中的精神焦虑因子(r=0.28,P<0.05)均呈正相关;丁酸与TSH呈正相关(r=0.34,P<0.05),与淋巴细胞数量呈负相关(r=-0.39,P<0.01);己酸与甘油三酯(r=0.36,P<0.05)、总胆固醇(r=0.42,P<0.01)、低密度脂蛋白(r=0.42,P<0.01)、HAMD中睡眠因子(r=0.30,P<0.05)均呈正相关。结论 抑郁症患者血清短链脂肪酸中乙酸、戊酸、异戊酸水平升高,可能与血糖、血脂、血常规、甲状腺功能相互作用,共同对抑郁症的发生产生影响。

三子养亲汤对正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠PPARα/CPT-1通路的影响

目的:基于过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPARα)/肉毒碱棕榈酰基转移酶-1(CPT-1)通路探究三子养亲汤对正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠脂质代谢的影响。方法:将50只Wistar大鼠随机分成空白组10只及造模组40只,空白组给予维持饲料,造模组采用高脂饲料饲养+高盐(6%盐水)灌胃方式制备正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠模型,造模8周,模型构建成功后将40只大鼠随机分为模型组及三子养亲汤低、中、高剂量组,每组各10只。其后,空白组给予生理盐水灌胃,造模组继续给予高脂饲料加6%盐水灌胃,同时三子养亲汤各组给予相应浓度水煎液灌胃。灌胃8周后,检测各组大鼠体质量、血压、血脂四项及肝脏生化指标,观察肝脏病理形态及脂质沉积情况,检测大鼠肝脏中PPARα、CPT-1、酰基辅酶A氧化酶(ACOX1)基因和蛋白的表达。结果:与模型组比较,三子养亲汤高剂量组体质量、血压及血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶均显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)。空白组大鼠肝细胞排列整齐,细胞核形态完整,无红色脂质沉积;模型组大鼠肝细胞排列不整齐,出现细胞核消失的现象,肝细胞内出现部分脂质沉积;三子养亲汤高剂量组肝细胞排列规则、细胞核完整,有较少红色脂质沉积;三子养亲汤中、低剂量组细胞核较完整,肝细胞排列较整齐,有少量红色脂质沉积。与模型组比较,三子养亲汤高剂量组PPARα、CPT-1、ACOX1蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),中剂量组ACOX1蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,三子养亲汤高剂量组PPARα、CPT-1、ACOX1mRNA水平升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),三子养亲汤低、中剂量组ACOX1mRNA水平升高(P<0.01)。结论:三子养亲汤可改善正常高值血压痰湿壅盛证大鼠体质量、血压、血脂及肝脏生化指标等。其机制可能与三子养亲汤调控PPARα/CPT-1信号通路,促进脂肪酸氧化分解,进而调控肝脏脂质代谢相关。

Comparisons of blood biochemical parameters,digestive enzyme activities and volatile fatty acid profile between Meishan and Yorkshire piglets

This study was conducted to compare physiological characteristics between Meishan and Yorkshire piglets in their early lives. Six healthy purebred Meishan sows and Yorkshire sows with close farrowing dates were used in this research. The piglets sucked their respective sow’s milk for 14 days, then they were slaughtered to collect samples of blood, pancreas, contents of stomach, jejunum, cecum, colon as well as feces for analysis of blood biochemical parameters, digestive enzymes, and volatile fatty acid(VFA). The results showed that Yorkshire piglets had higher concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and total cholesterol(TC)(P < 0.05). Gastric lipase activity was higher in Meishan piglets but Yorkshire piglets had higher lactase activity(P < 0.05). The total VFA together with acetate and propionate in cecum and colon were higher in Meishan piglets than in Yorkshire piglets(P < 0.05),but acetate in jejunum and ratio of acetate to propionate in colon were lower in Meishan piglets than in Yorkshire piglets(P < 0.05). In conclusion, in early suckling period, significant differences exist in host metabolism and intestinal microbial metabolism between Meishan and Yorkshire piglets.

中风Ⅱ号方联合针刺治疗气虚血瘀证脑卒中疗效观察及对短链脂肪酸的影响

目的:观察中风Ⅱ号方联合针刺治疗对气虚血瘀证脑卒中患者学习记忆功能、脑血流及短链脂肪酸的影响。方法:选取140例气虚血瘀证脑卒中患者,按随机数字表法分为联合组及常规组各70例。常规组采用中风Ⅱ号方治疗,联合组在常规组基础上联合针刺治疗。比较2组临床疗效及病残情况,比较2组治疗前后中医证候积分、学习记忆功能、日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、脑血流及短链脂肪酸的变化。结果:联合组临床疗效总有效率为94.29%,常规组为82.86%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组半身不遂、口舌歪斜、言语謇涩、偏身麻木中医证候积分均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),联合组上述4项中医证候积分均低于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组最小血流速度、最大血流速度、平均血流速度、平均血流量均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),脑血管阻力均治疗前下降(P<0.05);联合组最小血流速度、最大血流速度、平均血流速度、平均血流量均高于常规组(P<0.05),脑血管阻力低于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸、己酸比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组乙酸、丙酸、丁酸及总短链脂肪酸均较治疗前升高(P<0.05);联合组乙酸、丙酸、丁酸及总短链脂肪酸均高于常规组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组临床记忆量表评分、ADL评分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),NIHSS评分均较治疗前下降(P<0.05);联合组临床记忆量表评分、ADL评分均高于常规组(P<0.05),NIHSS评分低于常规组(P<0.05)。联合组病残程度低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中风Ⅱ号方联合针刺治疗气虚血瘀证脑卒中疗效显著,可促进认知功能的恢复,提高患者学习记忆功能,缓解临床症状,改善脑血流动力学指标,降低病残程度。

茵陈五苓散加减治疗2型糖尿病临床研究

目的:观察茵陈五苓散加减治疗脾虚痰湿型2型糖尿病(T2DM)的临床疗效。方法:选取27例T2DM患者,按照完全随机的方法分为二甲双胍组(A组)、茵陈五苓散加减组(B组)及二甲双胍联合茵陈五苓散加减组(C组)各9例。治疗28 d后,比较3组治疗前后空腹血糖(FBG)水平、胃肠道不良反应评分,并分别采集其治疗前后的粪便样本,利用PacBio测序平台对粪便标本进行高通量测序,比较3组菌群丰度。结果:治疗后,3组FBG水平均降低(P<0.05),且3组间FBG水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,A组胃肠道不良反应评分升高(P<0.05),B组、C组胃肠道不良反应评分降低(P>0.05),且A组高于B组、C组(P<0.05)。治疗后,A组瘤胃球菌(科水平)、梭菌目(目水平)、梭菌纲(纲水平)、普氏栖粪杆菌(种水平)丰度均降低(P>0.05),B组及C组上述菌群丰度均升高(P>0.05),但3组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:茵陈五苓散加减能降低FBG,调节肠道菌群失调,增加有益菌的菌群丰度并保护胃肠道。

H型高血压患者血尿酸水平与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的关系

目的 探讨H型高血压患者血尿酸(serum uric acid,SUA)水平与非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的关系。方法 回顾性研究,收集2022—2023年在延安大学咸阳医院心血管内科住院的H型高血压患者共284例,根据是否患有NAFLD,分为合并NAFLD组88例和正常组196例。比较两组患者一般资料及实验室指标,采用多因素logistic回归分析H型高血压患者发生NAFLD的影响因素,进一步绘制ROC曲线观察SUA预测NAFLD的作用,并根据约登指数最大值选取最佳截断值。结果 合并NAFLD组患者BMI、收缩压(systolic blood pressure, SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、SUA、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase,γ-GT)及谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)水平均高于正常组,而年龄、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)低于正常组(P <0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,BMI(OR=1.173,95%CI:1.066~1.291)、UA(OR=1.005,95%CI:1.001~1.010)、TG(OR=1.929,95%CI:1.042~3.574)水平升高是H型高血压患者发生NAFLD的危险因素(P <0.05)。ROC曲线示SUA、TG、BMI及三者联合的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.709、0.707、0.750、0.796。结论 发生NAFLD的H型高血压患者BMI及SUA、TG水平均较无脂肪肝组患者高,SUA水平升高是H型高血压患者发生NAFLD的危险因素,且SUA水平超过337μmol/L对预测NAFLD有重要价值。

内蒙古地区新生儿短、中、极长链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏症致病基因携带筛查分析

目的 了解短链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏症(SCADD)、中链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏症(MCADD)和极长链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏症(VLCADD)在内蒙古新生儿中致病基因突变的携带情况。方法 采用横断面研究,随机抽取3 233名新生儿纳入基因筛查。采集足跟血,提取基因组,对C-2至C-3短链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶基因(ACADS)、C-4至C-12直链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶基因(ACADM)、极长链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶基因(ACADVL)3个基因上突变进行检测。研究比较3个基因的突变位点及携带情况。结果 在3 233例新生儿中,携带ACADS致病基因22例,携带率为0.68%,以c.164C>T突变为主。携带ACADM的致病基因8例,携带率为0.25%,以c.449_452delCTGA为最多见。携带ACADVL的致病基因7例,携带率为0.22%,c.865G>A为最多见的基因位点。结论 SCADD、MCADD、VLCADD在内蒙古地区新生儿中相对罕见,且基因突变携带在内蒙古地区新生儿中有差异。

复合膳食纤维对糖尿病小鼠血糖血脂的调节及肠道菌群的影响

本研究旨在探讨复合膳食纤维对糖尿病小鼠血糖血脂的调节作用,以及其对短链脂肪酸及肠道菌群的影响。选取SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠,空白组喂养基础饲料,其余小鼠连续8周喂养高糖高脂饲料后,腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)溶液,建立糖尿病小鼠模型。造模成功后的小鼠随机分为模型对照组、复合膳食纤维低、中、高剂量组。空白组继续喂养基础饲料,模型对照组喂养高糖高脂饲料,复合膳食纤维低、中、高剂量组分别用含2.5%、5.0%、7.5%复合膳食纤维的高糖高脂饲料喂养8周后,模型对照组小鼠改用基础饲料喂养,复合膳食纤维低、中、高剂量组改用含2.5%、5.0%、7.5%复合膳食纤维的基础饲料喂养,连续4周,饲养结束后检测血糖血脂相关指标、短链脂肪酸含量及肠道菌群组成。结果表明:复合膳食纤维可以降低糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖,减轻胰岛素抵抗,改善血脂异常;此外,复合膳食纤维可在一定程度上促进乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸、异丁酸、异戊酸的分泌;下调Firmicutes、Rikenellaceae、Lachnospiraceae相对丰度,上调Bacteroidotas相对丰度,降低F/B值。复合膳食纤维可以有效改善糖尿病小鼠血糖血脂水平,其机制可能是通过调节肠道菌群组成以促进短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)分泌实现的。

Hcy、HSP70、H-FABP对脑梗死患者的疗效评估作用

目的探讨同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、热休克蛋白70(HSP70)、心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)对丁苯酞联合通窍活血汤治疗脑梗死患者的疗效评估作用。方法选取鹿邑县人民医院2021年10月至2022年10月收治的82例脑梗死患者作为研究对象,给予丁苯酞联合通窍活血汤治疗。比较有效组和无效组的临床资料及血清学指标,Logistic回归分析影响治疗效果的因素,分析血清Hcy、HSP70、H-FABP单独及联合检测预测治疗效果的价值并编制ROC曲线。结果治疗14 d后,显效38例、有效30例、无效14例,治疗有效率为82.93%。其中有效组68例,无效组14例;有效组Hcy、HSP70、H-FABP水平均低于无效组;Hcy、HSP70、H-FABP均是影响脑梗死患者治疗效果的危险因素;血清Hcy、HSP70、H-FABP联合检测预测治疗效果的AUC值高于单项检测,差异有统计学意义(Z_(Hcy)=3.038,Z_(HSP70)=2.411,Z_(H-FABP)=2.352,P<0.05)。结论血清Hcy、HSP70、H-FABP联合检测对丁苯酞联合通窍活血汤治疗的脑梗死患者的临床疗效具有一定预测价值。

参芎葡萄糖治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并肺源性心脏病的临床效果

目的探讨参芎葡萄糖治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并肺源性心脏病(PHD)的临床效果。方法选取2022年1月—2024年1月收治的228例COPD合并PHD,采用随机数字表法随机将其分为观察组和对照组2组各114例。观察组给予参芎葡萄糖联合常规治疗,对照组给予常规治疗。比较2组血常规指标(红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞比容、血小板计数)、凝血指标[D-二聚体(D-D)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)]、肝肾功能[血尿素(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、总蛋白(TP)]、血气指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))]、心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、N末端B型脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、肺动脉收缩压(PASP)、急性生理学及慢性健康状况评估系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分,并统计入院28 d病死情况、治疗期间不良反应。结果治疗后,2组红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞比容、血小板计数、D-D、FIB、PaCO_(2)、H-FABP、cTnI、NT-proBNP、PASP、APACHEⅡ低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组;2组PT、APTT、PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。治疗前后,2组组间和组内BUN、Scr、AST、ALT、TP比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。观察组入院28 d病死率和治疗期间不良反应发生率(7.02%,8/114;7.89%,9/114)与对照组(10.53%,12/114;5.26%,6/114)比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论参芎葡萄糖可改善COPD合并PHD患者血常规、凝血指标及血气指标,并降低H-FABP、cTnI、NT-proBNP水平,进而减轻心肌损伤程度,缓解患者病情。