The photoluminescence of ZnSe bulk single crystals excited by femtosecond pulse

This paper reports on the photol spectra of ZnSe single crystal with trace chlorine excited by the femtosecond laser pulse. Three emission bands, including second-harmonic-generation, two-photon-excited peak and a broad band at 500-700nm, were detected. The thermal strain induced by femtosecond pulse strongly influences the photoluminescence of ZnSe crystal. The corresponding strain ~ in ZnSe crystal is estimated to be about 8.8× 10^-3 at room temperature. The zinc-vacancy, as the main point defect induced by femtosecond pulse, is successfully used to interpret the broad emission at 500-700nm. The research shows that self-activated luminescence possesses the recombination mechanism of donor-vacancy pair, and it is also influenced by a few selenium defects and the temperature. The rapid decrease in photol intensity of two-photon-excited fluorescence and second-harmonic generation emission at lower temperature is attributed to the fact that more point defects result in the thermal activation of the two-photo-absorption energy converting to the stronger recombination emission of chlorine-zinc vacancy in 500-700nm. The experimental results indicate that the femtosecond exciting photoluminescence shows a completely different emission mechanism to that of He-Cd exciting luminescence in ZnSe single crystal. The femtosecond laser exhibits a higher sensitive to the impurity in crystal materials, which can be recommended as an efficient way to estimate the trace impurity in high quality crystals.

Cu-Fe合金凝固过程中结构变化研究

采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了Cu_(100-X)Fe_(X)(X=1%、3%、5%)合金在冷却速率为2×10^(10)K/s条件下合金凝固过程.研究表明,Fe含量为1%时,随着合金温度的降低Fe原子始终保持均匀分布的状态,未出现Fe原子聚集现象,晶体结构是以FCC为主的Cu基体,Fe原子以固溶形式存在于基体中.Fe含量为3%时,随着合金温度的降低Fe原子有聚集趋势,但BCC晶体结构占比较小,晶体结构仍是以FCC为主的Cu基体.Fe含量为5%,随着合金温度的降低Fe原子发生明显聚集,最终形成以FCC、HCP晶体类型为主镶嵌Fe原子的Cu基体.研究了Fe团簇的形成过程,结果表明,Fe团簇的形成、长大是一个连续的过程,该过程受形核生长机制控制,不同阶段形成Fe团簇的大小和数量受Fe-Fe原子相互作用力、Fe原子的扩散能力以及Fe团簇与Cu基体间的界面能三个因素共同影响.

Fe^(2+)∶ZnSe激光晶体光学吸收及激光输出性能

采用热扩散掺杂技术制备了Fe2+∶ZnSe晶体,测试晶体样品中铁离子浓度达1.27×1018cm-3。分析了Fe2+∶ZnSe晶体光谱的光学吸收特性,在室温条件下,采用2.90μm激光器泵浦Fe2+∶ZnSe晶体,获得了中心波长4.45μm,平均功率67 mW的中红外激光输出。

室温脉冲Fe^(2+):ZnSe中红外激光特性研究

处于3~5μm波段的激光源在遥感、环境保护、医疗、通信和红外对抗等民用和军用领域都有广阔的应用前景。Fe^(2+):ZnSe晶体由于在材料特性和光学特性等方面都具有明显优势,是3~5μm波段极具潜力的激光介质之一。在室温条件下利用自制非链式脉冲HF激光器作为泵浦光源,对晶体直径为10 mm,厚度1 mm,Fe^(2+)离子掺杂浓度为3×1019/cm3的Fe^(2+):ZnSe晶体进行了研究,获得了中心波长4 295 nm、最大输出能量78.8 mJ的中红外激光输出。输出激光能量相对于晶体吸收泵浦能量的转换效率为27.7%,斜率效率达28.8%。采用小角度(3°)斜入射的方案很好地解决了Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器谐振腔镜镀膜问题。

中红外Fe:ZnSe激光技术最新研究进展

3-5μm中红外激光处于大气传输窗口,在分子光谱学、环境遥感、工业加工、空间通讯、光电对抗等领域有重要的应用前景。过渡金属掺杂II-VI族硫化物晶体可以直接实现中红外激光输出,是最有前途的技术途径之一。具有优良物理特性和光谱特性的Fe：ZnSe晶体是高效、宽带可调谐中红外激光介质的有力竞争者,介绍并分析了Fe：ZnSe晶体的光谱特性及其制备方法,综合评述了Fe：ZnSe激光技术的发展历程和最新研究进展,指出制备高光学质量的Fe：ZnSe晶体和研制3μm波段高效、高能窄脉冲泵浦源是发展实用室温Fe：ZnSe激光器当前面临的挑战。并对实现室温高能、高功率Fe：ZnSe激光的关键问题进行了讨论。

Effect of Fe_2O_3 on non-isothermal crystallization of CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 glass

The crystallization behavior and kinetics of CaO-MgO-Al2O3 SiO2（CMAS） glass with the Fe2O3 content ranging from zero to 5%were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）.The structure and phase analyses were made by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The experiment results show that the endothermic peak temperature about 760℃ is associated with transition and the exothermic peak temperature about 1000℃ is associated with crystallization.The crystallization peak temperature decreases with increasing the Fe203 content.The crystallization mechanism is changed from two-dimensional crystallization to one-dimensional growth,and the intensity of diopside peaks becomes stronger gradually.There is a saltation for the crystallization temperature with the addition of 0.5%Fe2O3 due to the decomposition of Fe2O3.Si-O-Si,O-Si-O and T-O-T（T=Si,Fe,Al） linkages are observed in Fe2O3-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass.

Fe∶ZnS/ZnSe中红外固体激光器研究进展

高性能中红外激光在军事对抗、生物安全、环境科学等领域有重要的应用价值。Fe∶Zn S/Zn Se具有长输出波长、宽吸收带和发射带的特点,是实现高性能、宽调谐3μm^5μm激光输出的最有效激光介质。介绍了Fe∶Zn S/Zn Se的光谱和热动力学特性,评述了Fe∶Zn S/Zn Se在低温和常温下激光输出性能方面的最新进展,分析了Fe∶Zn S/Zn Se激光器在功率、能量提升以及室温运转方面面临的科学挑战。

Fe^(2+):ZnSe晶体制备及光学吸收

本文采用热扩散掺杂技术制备了Fe2+∶ZnSe晶体,获得尺寸达20 mm×2.0 mm的晶体样品。光谱测试分析结果显示,晶体样品在3.0μm附近具有显著的Fe2+∶ZnSe晶体的特征吸收,相对吸收强度达85%;通过ICP-AES测试该晶体样品中铁离子为4.5×1017cm-3;分析了影响掺杂铁离子浓度的主要因素。

ZnSe∶Fe^(2+)中的动态Jahn-Teller效应和远红外光谱的研究

推导了 3d4 / 3d6离子基态 5D在立方晶体场、自旋 轨道耦合和动态Jahn Teller效应作用下的哈密顿矩阵 ,并用对角化该哈密顿矩阵的方法研究了Fe2 + 在ZnSe中的远红外光谱 ,理论计算与实验符合得好 .研究表明 ,在ZnSe∶Fe2 + 中 ,比晶体场理论分析多出的分裂谱线是Fe2 + 与ZnSe晶格间的动态Jahn Teller效应引起的 .还预测了其它Jahn Teller效应分裂谱 .所推导的哈密顿矩阵对研究 3d4 / 3d6离子在立方晶体中的精细光谱、电子顺磁共振谱和动态Jahn Teller分裂都是有用的 .

纳米Fe-ZnSe颗粒膜的结构与磁性

采用射频溅射法制备了纳米铁磁金属-半导体基体Fe_(0.35)(ZnSe)_(0.65)颗粒膜,并研究了其结构和磁特性.根据颗粒膜低场磁化率x(F)温度关系和不同温度下的磁滞回线,证实了在一定的温度范围内,颗粒膜中的纳米铁颗粒表现出磁性弛豫效应.当截止温度T_B=50 K时,颗粒膜的磁性由超顺磁性转变为铁磁性.在截止温度以上,其饱和磁化强度M_S(T)温度关系符合Bloch的自旋波T^(3/2)定律,探讨分析了自旋波常数增大的原因.

中红外Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器研究进展

发光谱位于3~5μm大气窗口处的中红外激光在医疗、工业加工、大气遥感、空间通讯、红外对抗等领域具有广泛的应用前景。以过渡金属(TM)掺杂Ⅱ~Ⅵ族硫化物晶体作为增益介质的激光器件可实现中红外激光输出,其中Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器具有转换效率高、中红外波段可调谐范围宽、结构紧凑等优点,是中红外波段实现高功率、高能量、短脉冲的最有效途径之一。随着近些年材料技术的发展,Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器发展迅速,逐渐成为热点之一。本文综述了以Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器为代表的TM^(2+):Ⅱ~Ⅵ族激光器的发展历程,介绍并分析了Fe^(2+):ZnSe增益介质的制备方法,讨论了影响Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器性能的泵浦源及因素,综合评述了Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器的输出特性,总结了Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器在室温和超短脉冲方向上的最新进展,并展望了Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器后续可能的发展方向。

Fe-3%Si大尺寸合金单晶的制备及磁感系数的计算

以取向Fe-3%Si合金热轧板为原材料,采用二次再结晶法制备了尺寸大于200 mm的合金单晶。随机选取3个单晶样品剪切成7个与轧向成不同角度、尺寸为50 mm×50 mm的样品,分别对所选样品进行单晶定向,并对每个样品的横、纵向磁性能进行了测量。以单晶定向结果为依据,计算每个单晶在晶体学坐标架下的极角和辐角,提出了一种单晶磁感系数的计算方法,并基于该方法以单晶磁性能实测值及其在晶体学坐标架下的极角和辐角为输入条件,测算了Fe-3%Si合金单晶磁感应强度系数并验证了其可靠性。采用该方法对{110}晶面平行于板面的任意方向单晶的磁感应强度进行了计算,为开展多晶材料磁性能计算提供了理论依据。

基于Fe^2＋：ZnSe粉末的4．45μm中红外随机激光

利用Fe^(2+):ZnSe微米粉末产生了4. 45μm的中红外随机激光。通过气相热扩散法制备了Fe^(2+)离子掺杂的ZnSe多晶块体,将制得的块体研磨成尺寸在10～50μm的微米粉末。X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明这些Fe^(2+):ZnSe粉末具有与ZnSe块体相同的立方闪锌矿结构,Fe^(2+)离子的引入没有改变ZnSe的晶体结构。在2. 94μm的脉冲激光泵浦下,研究了室温下Fe^(2+):ZnSe粉末的光致发光特性和发光脉冲的时间特性。随着泵浦能量增加,光谱发光强度发生跃变,光谱线宽从500 nm减小到50 nm,脉冲时间从270 ns减小到50 ns。当泵浦能量高于2 m J/pulse的阈值时,观察到中心波长4. 45μm的中红外随机激光。这种中红外随机激光器在红外标记、光通信、分子光谱测量等领域有很好的应用前景。

双温区热扩散掺杂Fe^(2+)∶ZnSe激光晶体的制备及激光输出性能

本文以CVD ZnSe晶片为基质材料,以FeSe粉末为掺杂物,采用双温区热扩散掺杂技术获得了尺寸为ϕ22 mm×4 mm的Fe^(2+)∶ZnSe激光晶体。通过二次离子质谱(SIMS)测试该晶体样品表面铁离子浓度为3.43×10^(18) cm^(-3),并通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了晶体样品中铁元素的离子价态。采用UV/Vis/NIR分光光度计和傅里叶红外光谱仪测试了Fe^(2+)∶ZnSe激光晶体的透过谱图。测试结果显示,在3.0μm处出现了明显的Fe^(2+)吸收峰,峰值透过率为5.5%。以波长为2.93μm的Cr,Er∶YAG激光器为泵浦源,温度77 K时抽运尺寸10 mm×10 mm×4 mm的Fe^(2+)∶ZnSe晶体,获得了能量为191 mJ、中心波长4.04μm的中红外激光输出,光光转换效率13.84%。

Fe:ZnSe laser pumped by a 2.93-μm Cr, Er:YAG laser

We demonstrated an Fe:ZnSe laser pumped by a 2.93-μm Cr, Er:YAG laser at liquid nitrogen and room temperature in single-shot free-running operation for the first time. The xenon flash lamp pumped Cr, Er:YAG laser had a maximum single pulse energy of 1.414 J, and the threshold and slope efficiency were 141.70 J and 0.70% which were respectively reduced by 29.3% and increased by 52.2% compared with the Er:YAG laser. At liquid nitrogen temperature of 77 K, the maximum single pulse energy of the Fe:ZnSe laser was 197.6 m J, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 13.4%. The central wavelength and full width at half maximum(FWHM) linewidth were 4037.4 nm and 122.0 nm, respectively. At room temperature, the laser generated a maximum single pulse energy of 3.5 mJ at the central wavelength of 4509.6 nm with an FWHM linewidth of 171.5 nm.

HPVB法Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光晶体生长及激光输出特性

本文采用纯度为99.999%的颗粒状ZnSe为基质材料,纯度为99.998%的FeSe粉末为掺杂物,通过HPVB法生长了Fe^(2+):ZnSe晶体,晶体尺寸达Φ50.8 mm×120 mm。采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪测试了Fe^(2+):ZnSe晶体样品中铁离子掺杂浓度为3.048×10^(18)cm^(-3)。采用粉末XRD衍射仪测试了Fe^(2+):ZnSe晶体样品的X-射线衍射谱,其衍射谱与基质ZnSe样品衍射谱匹配度达92%。采用UV/VIS/NIR分光光度计和傅里叶红外光谱仪测试了Fe^(2+):ZnSe晶体样品的透过谱图,透过谱在波长3.0μm处出现了明显的Fe^(2+)离子吸收峰。采用2.94μm Er:YAG激光器为泵浦源抽运尺寸为10 mm×10 mm×4 mm的Fe^(2+):ZnSe晶体样品,重复频率为100 Hz时,激光能量输出达12 mJ,输出波长调谐范围3.95~4.15μm。

基于Fe2+:ZnSe微米粉末嵌入ZBLAN玻璃的4.32μm中红外随机激光

在室温下制备了基于Fe^2+:ZnSe微米粉末嵌入ZBLAN(ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF)玻璃的中红外随机激光器,随机激光的中心波长约为4.32μm。Fe^2+:ZnSe微米粉末的平均晶粒尺寸为3.54μm,XRD结果表明Fe^2+:ZnSe微米粉末为立方闪锌矿结构。在2.94μm纳秒脉冲激光泵浦下,随机激光的阈值为557.89mJ/cm^2。随着泵浦能量的增加,随机激光多纵模的特点也随之出现。泵浦能量超过阈值后,随机激光的光谱线宽为10nm,脉冲宽度为50ns。这项工作为获得稳定的中红外激光源提供了一种简单而经济的方法,将粉末嵌入固体基质中可以对粉末起到稳定的作用,这种方法在制备中红外光子器件和光纤激光器上具有潜在前景。

连续波HF激光泵浦Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器的可行性

针对目前Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器缺乏有效的高功率泵浦源这一关键瓶颈,提出了采用连续波HF化学激光器泵浦Fe^(2+):ZnSe来实现4μm波段激光输出的技术路线,结合实验和理论手段考察了此技术路线的可行性。首次获得了由连续波HF化学激光泵浦的Fe^(2+):ZnSe激光器的W级激光输出,输出功率约为1.7 W,谱线峰值波长为4.18μm,出光时间约2 s。

Growth and physical characterization of high resistivityFe:β-Ga2O3 crystals

High quality 0.02 mol%,0.05 mol%,and 0.08 mol%Fe:β-Ga2O3 single crystals were grown by the floating zone method.The crystal structure,optical,electrical,and thermal properties were measured and discussed.Fe:β-Ga2O3 single crystals showed transmittance of higher than 80%in the near infrared region.With the increase of the Fe doping concentration,the optical bandgaps reduced and room temperature resistivity increased.The resistivity of 0.08 mol%Fe:β-Ga2O3 crystal reached to 3.63×1011Ω·cm.The high resistivity Fe:β-Ga2O3 single crystals could be applied as the substrate for the high-power field effect transistors(FETs).

Pyrite Films Grown by Sulfurizing Precursive Iron of Different Crystallizing Status

Precursive iron films with different grain sizes were prepared by magnetron sputtering on substrates heated at different temperatures. The iron films were sulfurized at 673 K for 20 h to form pyrite films. The structural and electrical characters were determined. High substrate temperatures produce large crystallites in the precursive iron films. The pyrite films are composed of a surface layer with coarse columnar grains and a bottom layer with fine equiaxed grains. With the increase of iron grain scale, the carrier concentration decreases and the carrier mobility increases. The electrical resistivity of the pyrite films increases to a maximum in the precursive iron films with increasing the grain size to about 3g nm. Sufficient formation and growth of iron grains result in improved crystallinity and high continuity of the pyrite films. The crystal defect density, transformation stress level and atom diffusion behavior are responsible for the characteristics of the electrical properties dependent on the crystallinity and continuity of the pyrite films or the crystallizing status of the precursive iron films.