Formation and mechanical properties of ductile Fe-based amorphous alloys using a cast iron with minor addition of B and Al

Fe-based amorphous alloys with ductility were synthesized using the commercial cast iron QT50 (denoted as QT) with the combining minor addition of B and Al by single roller melt-spinning. The melt-spun (QT1-xBx)99Al1 (x is from 0.006wt% to 0.01wt%) amorphous alloys exhibit onset crystallization temperatures and Curie temperatures of 759-780 and 629-642 K respectively, and whi- ch increase with B content. The amorphous ribbons are ductile and can be bent 180° without breaking. With the increase in B content from 0.006wt% to 0.01wt%, the Vickers microhardness of the amorphous alloys increases from Hv 830 to Hv 1110. The effects of the additional B and Al elements on the glass forming ability and mechanical properties were also discussed.

Microstructure of Cu-based Amorphous Composite Coatings on AZ91D Magnesium Alloy by Laser Cladding

To improve the sliding wear resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy, Cu-based amorphous composite coatings made of CuaTTi34Zr11Nis and Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8＋20 wt pct SiC powders were fabricated on AZ91D magnesium alloy by laser cladding, respectively. SEM （scanning electron microscopy）, EDS （energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy）, XRD （X-ray diffraction） and TEM （transmission electron microscopy） techniques were employed to study the phases of the coatings. The results show that the coatings mainly consist of amorphous phase and different intermetallic compounds. The reason of formation of amorphous phase and the function of SiC particles were explained in details.

TEM Specimen Preparation for Al-based Amorphous Alloys

Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） is usually used to identify the amorphicity. However, some artifacts may be introduced due to improper TEM foil preparation. In this paper, three Al-rich metallic glasses with and without a glass transition were selected for characterizing the effect of the electropolishing condition on the as-quenched structure during TEM specimen preparation. It is shown that the occurrence of the modulated bright-dark structure under TEM observation is closely sensitive to the electropolishing condition, which suggests us being careful about the possible artifacts induced by specimen preparation when examining amorphous alloys under TEM.

Hot-press sintering of MA Fe-based nanocrystalline/amorphous soft magnetic powder

Microstructures and magnetic properties of Fe84Nb7B9,Fe80Ti8B 12 and Fe32Ni36（Nb/V）7Si8B17 powders and their bulk alloys prepared by mechanical alloying（MA） method and hot-press sintering were studied. The results show that: 1) After MA for 20 h,nanocrystalline bcc singl e phase supersaturated solid solution forms in Fe84-Nb7B9 and Fe8 0Ti8B12 alloys,amorphous structure forms in Fe32Ni36Nb7 Si8B17 alloy,duplex microstructure composed of nanocrystalline γ- （FeNi） supersaturated solid solution and trace content of Fe2B phase forms in Fe32Ni36-V7Si8B17 alloy. 2) The decomposition process of supersaturated solid solution phases in Fe84Nb7B9 and Fe80Ti8B 12 alloys happens at 710780 ℃,crystallization reaction in Fe （32）Ni36Nb7Si8B17 alloy happens at 530 ℃（the temperature of peak value） and residual amorphous crystallized further happens at 760 ℃ （the temperature of peak value）,phase decomposition process of supersaturated solid solution at 780 ℃ （the temperature of peak value） and crystallization reaction at 431 ℃ （the temperature of peak value） happens in Fe32Ni36V7S i8B17 alloy. 3) under 900 ℃,30 MPa,（0.5 h） hot-press sintering conditions,bulk alloys with high relative density（94.7%95.8%） can be ob tained. Except that the grain size of Fe84Nb7B9 bulk alloy is large,s uperfine grains （grain size 50200 nm） are obtained in other alloys. Exc ept that single phase microstructure is obtained in Fe80Ti8B12 bul k alloy,multi-phase microstructures are obtained in other alloys. 4) The magne tic properties of Fe80Ti8B12bulk alloy（Bs=1.74 T,Hc= 4.35 kA/m） are significantly superior to those of other bulk alloys,which is r elated to the different phases of nanocrystalline or amorphous powder formed dur ing hot-press sintering process and grain size.

Molybdenum based amorphous and nanocrystalline coatings prepared by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying

The high velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF) based thermal spray process has developed as a potential advantageous approach for fabricating various kinds of functional coatings.In this article,the coatings of Mo-based alloy were synthesized using the HVOF process.The microstructure and the mechanical properties of the HVOF-processed coatings were investigated using SEM,TEM,XRD,and hardness and wear tests.Annealing treatment was applied to the as-sprayed coatings to develop the microstructure and its effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings was examined.It is found that the HVOF-processed Mo-based alloy coatings are comprised of an amorphous splat matrix embedded with nano-sized crystalline particles.Annealing at temperatures over 950 ℃ results into crystallization of the amorphous matrix.The mechanical properties of the as-sprayed coatings are enhanced with annealing temperature up to 750 ℃ and from 950 to 1050 ℃,keeps constant between 750 and 950 ℃,and reduce over 1050 ℃.The change of the mechanical property with the microstructure was illustrated in the study.

Oxygen Behavior in Bulk Amorphous Zr-base Alloy

Bulk Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 metallic glass plates with a dimension of 85 mm×35mm×4 mm and a complicated plate were fabricated by injecting casting method using spongy zirconium and industrial purity aluminum, nickel and copper as raw materials. It was shown that the holding time of liquid metals at elevated temperatures had a great influence on the oxygen content of the plates due to the contamination resulting from the atmosphere. Increasing holding time resulted in the increase of oxygen content in the injected alloy. The glass transition temperatures of the bulk metallic glass plates are higher than that reported in the literature and crystallization temperature is lower for the one with higher oxygen content at the same heating rate. The extension of the undercooled liquid region △Tx reaching about 87 K is 3 K higher than that previously reported and 26 K higher than that with oxygen content of 0.076 wt pct for the one with oxygen content as high as 0.065 wt pct. Therefore the oxygen content of the alloy has a significant influence on the glass forming ability and thermal stability of bulk metal glass. It is suggested that direct correlation between high glass forming ability and large △Tx is only valid for a well-defined low oxygen concentration or has to be reconsidered by incorporating oxygen as an additional alloying element.

INFLECTION OF COERCIVITY DURING LOCAL CRYSTALLIZATION OF Fe-Si-B AMORPHOUS ALLOYS

An inflection hehaviour was revealed during isothermal annealing under the observation of transition of the coercivity of Fe-Si-B amorphous alloys during local crystallization.It may be interpreted by the transition of α-Fe grain precipitated from single to multiple domain, Thus,the theoretical expression of H_0-t_a may be derived.The plot of expression H_0-t_a calcu- lated well represents the feature of the experimental curve.

Glass-forming ability and crystallization of Mg-Ni amorphous alloys with Y addition

Mg86.33Ni13.67-xYx(x=0, 1, 3, 6, 10) amorphous alloys were obtained by single-roller melt-spinning technique and the effect of Y addition on the glass forming ability(GFA), crystallization and micro-hardness of Mg-Ni alloys were studied. The results show that the GFA of Mg86.33Ni13.67-xYx(x=0, 1, 3, 6, 10) is improved successfully with the Y addition. The highest GFA appeares at x=6, while the reduced glass transition temperature (Trg) is 0.5225 and the supercooled liquid region(ΔTx) is 42.06 K; the position of the main diffraction halo is different for the alloys, and the maximum of the main diffraction halo of alloys with x=0, 1, 3 corresponds to the main peaks of a metastable fcc-Mg6Ni or fcc-Mg6Ni + Ni-Y intermetallic phases, and for the alloys with x=6, 10, it corresponds to Mg-Y and Ni-Y intermetallic phases; the micro-hardness of the alloys is improved with Y additions, and the highest micro-hardness is obtained at x=6 at.%, which is 960 MPa.

Effect of yttrium on thermal stability and crystallization behavior of Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Al_(10)Ni_(10) amorphous alloys

The effect of yttrium on the thermal stability and crystallization behavior of Nd-Fe-Al-Ni amorphous alloys was investigated using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, differential scanning calorimeter （DSC）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）.The results indicated that the as-cast Nd60Fe20Al10Ni10-xYx（X=-0, 2） amorphous alloys were fabricated with some quenched-in crystals, which could be restrained by Y. With the effect of yttrium, both the crystallization temperature and exothermic peak shifted to higher temperatures, illustrating that the thermal stability could be improved. The addition of Y changed the crystallization process and final crystallization results. Moreover, the crystallites in the amorphous matrix became more homogeneous and smaller. Meanwhile, Y was useful for the passivation of oxygen in chemistry and restrained the negative effect of oxygen. The activation energies of the start of crystallization and peaking were 1.21 and 1.16 eV, respectively, according to the Kissinger equation.

Effects of Ta addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti_(40)Zr_(25)Ni_8Cu_9Be_(18) amorphous alloy

The effects of Ta addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18 bulk amorphous alloy were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scan electron microscopy (SEM) and compressive testing. As a result, the addition of Ta (0-8at%) prompted the successive precipitation of quasicrystalline phase, CuTi2 phase and bcc β-Ti solid solution. Additionally, the addition of less Ta content (3at%-5at%) led to the formation of amorphous ma- trix/nanoquasicrystal/CuTi2 complex phase structure; and nanoquasicrystals, as reinforcement precipitates, improved the fracture strength of Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu-Be-Ta alloys, which led to the high compressive fracture strength 1856 MPa of Ta5 alloy. With increasing Ta content (5at%-8at%), although the ductile dendritic β-Ti solid solution was precipitated, the strength and plasticity decreased to a great extent resulting from the growth of quasicrystalline phase and CuTi2 phase.

Micro and sub-micro morphology of Mg_(65)Cu_(25)Y_(10) bulk amorphous alloy containing primary crystalline phases

Acoustic-frequency induction melting together with rapid quenching was used to prepare Mg65Cu25Y10 bulk amorphous alloy containing primary crystalline phases. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) were used to study the amorphization and morphology of the prepared alloy. Under micro condition,the sample alloy is composed of amorphous structure with cauliflorate shape,primary CuMg2 dendrite phase,mixed primary CuMg2 and Cu2Y crystalline phases,as well as Mg phase with small size. Further study under sub-micro condition shows that,the planar amorphous structure of cauliflorate shape is composed of the three-dimensional sub-micro morphology of "bulge-concavity" pattern,which extends into the space in terms of certain period. It is estimated that the major factors influencing the micro and sub-micro morphologies of amorphous alloy are its super-cooling liquid structure,rapid quenching transformation,as well as the melting conditions.

Preparation of Plate Fe_(60)Co_8Zr_(10)Mo_5W_2B_(15) Bulk Amorphous Alloy and Its Fracture Toughness

With processes of arc melting, inductive melting and copper mold suction casting, a plate Fe-based bulk amorphous alloy Fe_(60)Co_8Zr_(10)Mo_5W_2B_(15) with a thickness of 1mm was prepared. The surfaces and fractures of the cast bulk amorphous alloy were agleam and with typical metallic luster. The glass transition temperature(T_g), supercooled liquid region(△T_x)and reduced glass transition temperature(T_(rg))of the prepared Fe-based amorphous alloy are 884 K,63 K, and 0.611 respectively. The fracture toughness of the cast bulk amorphous alloy is at the level of 1.6 MPa·m^(1/2).

High-pressure sintering and magnetic properties of Fe_(86)Zr_(11-x)Nb_xB_3(x=5.5, 6) amorphous alloys

The thermal stability of milling Fe86Zr11-xNbxB3（x=5.5, 6） melt-spun strip powders and the influence of high-pressure sintering conditions on phase component and grain size of bulk alloys were investigated by X-ray diffractometry（XRD）, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results show that milling melt-spun powder remains in the amorphous state, and the crystallization temperature of which is 480530℃, the apparent activation energy Ep of crystallization process is 294.1219.5kJ/mol. The increasing Nb content can increase crystallization temperature and decrease Ep. Under the sintering conditions of 5.5GPa/3min, when Pw is 1150W, single phase α-Fe nanocrystalline （20.626.7nm） bulk alloy with relative density higher than 99.0% can be obtained. Under the sintering conditions of 5.5GPa/1150W/3min, the magnetic properties of these nanocrystalline bulk alloys are Fe86Zr5.5Nb5.5B3 alloy, Bs=1.15T, Hc=5.08kA·m-1; Fe86Zr5Nb6B3 alloy, Bs=1.26T, Hc=4.27kA·m-1.

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Al_(89)Gd_7Ni_3Fe Alloy Extruded from Its Amorphous Powders

The microstructures and mechanical properties of Als9 GdTNi3Fe alloy extruded from its amorphous powder were investigated at different temperatures. Devitrification process of amorphous phase was also analyzed. As a result, the microstructure of the extruded alloy consists of fee α-Al, binary intermetallic Al3Gd and ternary intermetallic r l phase. The grain size of α-Al is fine. The intermetallic Al3Gd exists as equiaxed particle and τ1 phase appears rod like.

NEW AMORPHOUS Al-La-Y-Ni(Fe)QUATERNARY ALLOYS WITH SUPERIOR STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY

The melt spun ribbons of Al-La-Y-Ni(Fe)quaternary alloys were prepared by a single- roller melt spinning technique in vacuum.Their amorphous nature,mechanical properties and tensile fracture surface morphology were investigated.The experimental results show that amorphous alloys with high strength and good ductility as well as good thermal stability can be achieved in Al-La-Y-Ni(Fe)system,when the alloy contains 85—90 at.-% Al and less than 10 at.-% La+Y.The maximum tensile fracture strength(σ_f) and microhardness(HV)are as high as 760 MPa and 294 DPN,respectively.The as- quenched ribbons can be bent 180 degree without fracturing.The dominant factors for formation of amorphous Al-La-Y-Ni(Fe)are the strong attractive interaction among Al, La,Y and a decrease of melting temperature.

MgH_2-Ti/Cr(AMORPHOUS)COMPOSITE FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE

Ti/Cr (atomic ratio 3:4) amorphous alloy was prepared by ball milling the rapidly quenched Ti/Cr ribbons for 30h, and then milled with MgH_2 for 50 h under Ar atmosphere to obtain MgH_2-30wt. % Ti/Cr composite. The XRD results indicate that MgH_2 decomposed partly during ball milling process. The brittle MgH_2 and the mechanical driving force resulted in a highly dispersive distribution of the Ti/Cr amorphous phase in the Mg matrix. The favorable hydrogenation performance is mainly attributed to the com...

Charge/Discharge Hysteresis Characteristics of an Amorphous Mg_(50)Ni_(50) Hydride Electrode

The hydrogenation/dehydrogenation thermodynamic properties of a Mg 50 Ni 50 alloy synthesized by mechanical alloying is measured by electrochemical method, and serious hydrogenation/dehydrogenation hysteresis characteristic was observed. The electrochemical impedance of the electrode discharge reaction of this electrode is mainly composed of charge transfer resistance R ct , hydrogen diffusion impedance Z w and surface H adsorption/desorption capacitance C ads . Electrochemical impedance analysis reveals that R ct is about one degree larger than the other impedance component. Thus it is reasonable to believe that discharge reaction is mainly dominated by the charge transfer reaction at the alloy surface, and the discharge hysteresis phenomenon is related to the factors that effect the charge transfer reaction. Hydroxides are present in the alloy surface before and after charging/discharging. These hydroxides would decrease the conductivity of the alloy surface and hinder the charge transfer process.

A PASSIVATION STUDY OF Ti-MODIFIED Fe—BASE ALLOY SYNTHESIZED BY MAGNETRON SPUTTERING TECHNIQUE

A set of fracture device was designed on the basis of traditional scratching-electrode technology and used to study the passivation process of two magnetron-sputtered stainless sleel coatings (amorphous and crystalline struture). The results of fracture tests in 3.5 % NaCl aqueous solution show that the amorphous alloy has a high bare surface reactivity and a high passive rate in comparison with the crystalline alloy. The effect of structure on corrosion resistance is also discussed. The excellent corrosion resistance of amorphous alloy is considered to be partly attributed to its great passivation ability.

电解水析氢反应的铁基非晶合金薄带催化剂研究进展

Pt基电催化剂是析氢反应的基准,然而低丰度和高成本制约了此类贵金属基催化剂的大规模应用,从而促使了替代材料的探索。铁基非晶合金具有无序原子排布结构,表现出独特的物理化学性质。受碱性溶液中的高效析氢反应启发,简述了铁基非晶合金薄带电催化剂的常见反应机理和设计策略,旨在为制备高性能电催化剂提供指导,包括杂原子掺杂、异质面构筑、应变及空位缺陷构建等。此外,原位表征技术和密度泛函理论在铁基非晶合金薄带电催化剂理论设计、反应过程、动态结构演变和机理揭示等方面发挥了重要作用。最后简要介绍了铁基电催化剂目前存在的挑战和未来的研究方向。