精密铸造Fe-Cr-Ni-Co-Mo马氏体不锈钢界面反应

以某型氧泵壳体精密铸造生产工艺条件为基础,研究了硅溶胶-锆英砂面层体系陶瓷型壳与Fe-Cr-Ni-Co-Mo马氏体不锈钢(S-04、S-130)的界面反应。采用激光粒度仪、SEM等手段表征分析了陶瓷型壳原料粉体的形貌和粒度分布,采用冷冻透射电镜表征了硅溶胶的微观结构,并采用SEM、EDS等手段分析了两种不锈钢铸件的界面反应。结果表明,S-04、S-130发生界面反应的原因主要为合金中Cr与型壳面层SiO2发生反应;S-04不锈钢中Cr反应活度高于S-130不锈钢,而Fe则相反,这导致两种不锈钢的界面反应层厚度在微观上存在差异。

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钴铬钼合金中锰、铁、镍、钼、钨

提出了用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钴铬钼合金中锰、铁、镍、钼、钨的含量。用盐酸和硝酸溶解样品,选择波长为216.556,257.610,204.598,259.940,207.911 nm 5条谱线依次作为测定镍、锰、钼、铁和钨的分析线。方法用于钴铬钼合金标准样品（C112X）分析,加标回收率在96.0%-105.0%之间,相对标准偏差（n=9）在1.1%-2.0%之间。

Thermal stability,crystallization behavior,Vickers hardness and magnetic properties of Fe-Co-Ni-Cr-Mo-C-B-Y bulk metallic glasses

Thermal stability,crystallization behavior,Vickers hardness and magnetic properties of the Fe41Co7-xNixCr15Mo14C15B6Y2（x=0,1,3,5） bulk metallic glasses were investigated.The Fe41Co7-xNixCr15Mo14C15B6Y2（x=0,1,3,5） metallic glasses were fabricated by copper mold casting method.The thermal stability and crystallization behavior of the metallic glass rods were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and isothermal experiments.Hardness measurements for samples annealed at different temperatures for different time were carried out at room temperature by the Vickers hardness tester,and magnetic measurements were performed at different temperatures by the vibrating sample magnetometer.It is shown that the addition of Ni does not play a positive role for enlarging ΔTx and GFA from parameter γ（=Tx/（Tg＋Tl））,and it can,however,increase the activation energy in the initial stage of crystallization by changing the initial crystallization behavior.The minor addition of Ni can refine the crystal grain obtained from the full crystallization experiment.The primary crystallization causes the decrease of hardness in these alloys,and as the crystallization continues,the hardness in all samples increases instead due to the precipitation of carbide and boride.The annealing temperature has an obvious effect on magnetic properties of these alloys,and the minor addition of Ni can effectively prevent the alloy annealed at high temperature to transform from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic state.

Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-Co-W合金中宏观“黑斑”缺陷的特征分析

将晶界萃取碳复型技术同其它实验技术相配合 ,研究了Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-Co -W合金宏观“黑斑”缺陷特征的形成原因 ,认为“黑斑”缺陷主要是由晶界易腐蚀引起的。在“黑斑”区不均匀富集的钨、钼元素主要以数量较多、尺寸较大的富含钼、钨的M6C形式存在于晶界上 ,使“黑斑”区的晶界易受腐蚀。该合金中的“黑斑”缺陷具有元素的宏观偏聚和微观偏聚相结合的特点。

DUO-ICP-AES测定精对苯二甲酸中的钴、铬、铁、锰、钼、镍、钛

采用DUO-ICP-AES同时测定精对苯二甲酸中钴、铬、铁、锰、钼、镍、钛,并对仪器的分析线选择、背景校正、入射功率、雾化器压力、辅助气流量、冷却气流量、蠕动泵转速的影响及共存元素的干扰、硝酸铯灰化助剂等因素进行了详细的研究。方法的检测限:钴0.0097 mg/L;铬0.0021 mg/L;铁0.0078 mg/L;锰0.0012 mg/L;钼0.0027 mg/L;镍0.016 mg/L;钛0.0027 mg/L,回收率和精密度分别为93.0%～99.5%和0.37%～3.2%。该方法快速简便,具有良好的精密度和准确度,适用于进出口精对苯二甲酸的日常检验。

ICP-AES测定多目标水地球化学普查样品中的14种微量元素

采用IRIS Intrepid II SXP ICP光谱仪,对地球化学普查水样中Ba、Be、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、 Mn、Mo、Ni、P、Pb、Sr和Zn等元素的测量条件进行了探讨,优化了实验条件,进行了大批量实际样品的测定。方法简便,快速。检出限、精密度和准确度均符合质量管理的要求。

Effects of cryogenic treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of Fe-Cr-Mo-Ni-C-Co alloy

Fe-Cr-Mo-Ni-C-Co alloy was quenched in liquid nitrogen and held for 24 h.Hardness tester,OM,XRD,SEM were used to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructures of the alloy.The results show that the hardness increases by 1-2(HRC)and the compressive strength decreases slightly after cryogenic treatment.The increase in hardness is attributed to the transformation from austenite to martensite and the precipitation of the very tiny carbideη-Fe2C.The decrease in compressive strength is caused by residual stress.The great amount of carbides,such as Cr7C3 and Fe2MoC,in the alloy and the obvious difference in thermal expansion coefficient between these carbides and the matrix at the cryogenic temperatures lead to this residual stress.The microscopy of cryogenic martensite is different from that of the non-cryogenic martensite.The cryogenic martensite is long and fine;while the non-cryogenic martensite is short and coarse.There is obvious surface relief of the cryogenic martensite transformation.It is not orientational of this kind surface relief and the boundary of this surface relief is smooth and in a shape of butterfly.The surface relief in the non-cryogenic martensite is wide and arranged in parallel,and the boundary of surface relief is not smooth.These characteristics may imply different growth ways of the two kinds of martensite.

Seaweeds as Biomonitoring System for Heavy Metal (HM) Accumulation and Contamination of Our Oceans

This research manuscript reports the heavy metal accumulation in four marine seaweeds sp. 1)?Caulerpa sertlatioides (Cuba);2) Caulerpa cf. brachypus;(Bali, Indonesia);3) Undaria pinnatifida (West-Donegal, Ireland);4) Ulva lactuca (Easters-Scheldt, the Netherlands). Mechanical pressure at 10 bar of fresh seaweed fronds casu quo biomass in the laboratory delivered seaweed moisture which was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy (ICP)-techniques for heavy-metals = [HM], (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb & Zn). Three important observations were made: 1) The [HM] in the seaweed moisture is higher than in the surrounding seawater which directs to mechanism(s) of bio-accumulation;2) The accumulation factor [AF] is varying per metallic-cation with an overall trend for our four seaweeds and sampling locations for [HM] are: As & Co & Cu: 5000 - 10,000 μg/l;Ni & Zn: 3000 - 5000 μg/l;Cd: 2000 - 3000 μg/l;Cr: 1000 - 2000 μg/l;Al: 200 - 1000 μg/l;Mo & Pb & Fe: 0 - 200 μg/l range. 3) Seaweed moisture detected that [HM]: Pb & Zn & Fe—which all three could not be detected in the seawater—supports the view that seaweeds have a preference in their bio-accumulation mechanism for these three HM. Major conclusion is in general that “overall” for the macro-elements Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P & S in the moisture of the four seaweed species the concentration is lower in the seaweed species, or equals the concentration, in comparison to the surrounding sea water. For the HM (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb & Zn) the opposite is the case species and is the concentration “overall” higher in the seaweed species in comparison to the surrounding sea water. Further topics addressed include strategies of irrigation of the Sahara desert with the moisture out of seaweeds under conditions of low anthropogenic influences.

龟龄集胶囊无机元素指纹图谱的建立及主成分分析

目的建立龟龄集胶囊无机元素指纹图谱,评价龟龄集胶囊产品质量均一性,并寻找特征元素。方法采用微波消解法对样品进行前处理,ICP-MS法对龟龄集胶囊中Na、Mg、K、Ca、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Se、Mo、Sn共14种无机元素进行了定量测定,绘制无机元素质量分数分布图,并应用IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0软件对结果进行主成分分析(PCA)。结果建立了龟龄集胶囊的无机元素指纹图谱,10批次样品平均数相似度(夹角余弦值)、中位数相似度(夹角余弦值)均大于0.970,表明产品质量均一性良好。应用PCA选出4个主因子,得出Cr、Mn、Fe、Zn、Se为龟龄集胶囊的特征元素。结论建立的龟龄集胶囊无机元素指纹图谱,可为龟龄集胶囊的质量评价提供研究基础。

基于ICP-MS法的麝香保心丸中26种无机元素分析

目的采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法建立麝香保心丸中26种无机元素(Li、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、As、Se、Sr、Mo、Cd、Sb、Ba、Hg、Tl、Pb、Bi)的测定方法。方法麝香保心丸样品以浓硝酸为消解试剂经微波消解后,以Ge、In元素为内标,以灌木枝叶标准物质作为质控标准物质,采用ICP-MS法测定其中26种无机元素的量。结果待检测的26种元素线性关系良好,相关系数r≥0.999 4,各元素的检出限在0.010~2.987μg/L,定量限在0.035~10.000μg/L,回收率在79.88%~105.76%,RSD≤4.55%。测定的12批样品中Ca、Mg、Na、Fe量较高,均超过1.000 mg/g;Mn、Cu、Zn、Al、Ga量也相对较高,而Sb、Hg、Tl、Bi量相对较低,均在0.050μg/g以下。结论该方法操作简便,分析速度快,灵敏度高,适用于麝香保心丸中无机元素的测定。

ICP-MS法测定清火栀麦片及胶囊中25种元素的残留量

目的:应用电感耦合等离子体质谱技术(ICP-MS)建立同时测定清火栀麦片/胶囊中锂、钒、铬、铁、镍、钴、铜、锌、砷、硒、钼、钌、铑、钯、银、镉、锡、锑、钡、铱、铂、金、汞、铊、铅25种元素的方法,并建议限度要求。方法:微波程序升温消解法处理样品(片剂47批,胶囊剂2批),以72锗、115铟、209铋为内标,电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定清火栀麦系列制剂中25种元素的残留量。结果:各元素在各自的浓度范围内线性关系良好(r>0.999);检测下限为0.000 3~5.2μg·d-1;回收率为88.1%~121.9%,RSD为0.7%~6.7%。参照USP 41-NF 36及EP 9.0拟定各元素残留限度,结果 -2批片剂中铅的残留量超出拟定限度,且标示为同一厂家,1批胶囊中砷的残留量超出拟定限度,存在一定用药风险。结论:该方法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于清火栀麦片及胶囊中多种元素的检测,为其风险监控提供技术参考。

基于ICP-MS法的桂枝茯苓胶囊中无机元素分析

目的采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法建立桂枝茯苓胶囊(GFC)中29种无机元素(Li、Be、B、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、As、Se、Sr、Mo、Cd、Sn、Sb、Ba、Hg、Tl、Pb、Bi)的测定方法。方法 GFC样品以浓硝酸为消解试剂经微波消解后,以Ge、In元素为内标,以灌木枝叶标准物质作为质控标准物质,采用ICP-MS法测定其中29种无机元素含量。结果待检测的29种无机元素在各的自线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 4;各元素的检出限在0.012~4.105μg/L,定量限在0.045~14.500μg/L,平均加样回收率在79.88%~105.76%,RSD≤4.55%。测定的12批样品中Ca、Na、Mg含量较高,均超过300μg/g;Fe、Mn、Sr含量也相对较高,而有害元素Be、As、Cd、Sb、Hg、Tl、Bi含量相对较低,均在0.030μg/g以下。结论该方法操作简便,分析速度快,灵敏度高,适用于GFC中无机元素的测定。