The improper disposal of spent selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts causes environmental pollution and metal resource waste.A novel process to recover anatase titanium dioxide (TiO_(2)) from spent SCR catalys...The improper disposal of spent selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts causes environmental pollution and metal resource waste.A novel process to recover anatase titanium dioxide (TiO_(2)) from spent SCR catalysts was proposed.The process included alkali (NaOH) hydrothermal treatment,sulfuric acid washing,and calcination.Anatase TiO_(2) in spent SCR catalyst was reconstructed by forming Na_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) nanosheet during NaOH hydrothermal treatment and H_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) during sulfuric acid washing.Anatase TiO_(2) was recovered by decomposing H_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) during calcination.The surface pore properties of the recovered anatase TiO_(2) were adequately improved,and its specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume (PV) were 85 m^(2)·g^(-1)and 0.40 cm^(3)·g^(-1),respectively.The elements affecting catalytic abilities(arsenic and sodium) were also removed.The SCR catalyst was resynthesized using the recovered TiO_(2) as raw material,and its catalytic performance in NO selective reduction was comparable with that of commercial SCR catalyst.This study realized the sustainable recycling of anatase TiO_(2) from spent SCR catalyst.展开更多
为了提高CO催化氧化性能,将Pt/TiO_(2)催化剂在液相中进行紫外照射预处理以增加电子−空穴迁移速率,诱导Pt颗粒长大,然后制备不同UV照射时间的Pt/TiO_(2)催化剂,测试样品的催化性能和氧化能力,表征样品表面的活性颗粒直径、金属分散度和...为了提高CO催化氧化性能,将Pt/TiO_(2)催化剂在液相中进行紫外照射预处理以增加电子−空穴迁移速率,诱导Pt颗粒长大,然后制备不同UV照射时间的Pt/TiO_(2)催化剂,测试样品的催化性能和氧化能力,表征样品表面的活性颗粒直径、金属分散度和元素价态,并利用原位红外光谱研究CO催化反应机理的变化。研究结果表明,制备的Pt颗粒直径为1~2 nm,经过8 h UV预处理的Pt/TiO_(2)催化剂颗粒直径最大,Pt0含量增加,且具有最佳的CO催化性能,CO的完全转化温度降低了约45℃,活性位点的TOF提高15倍。通过对反应机理的分析发现,UV照射能减少副反应发生,提高CO转化率。展开更多
光催化CO_(2)高效、环保地转化为高附加值化工产品(CH_(4),CO,CH_(3)OH等),能够有效降低环境污染并且促进资源利用.商用P25(TiO_(2))因其具有无毒、化学稳定性和强氧化还原电位而被广泛研究.然而,TiO_(2)的带隙高达3.0 e V,只有在紫外...光催化CO_(2)高效、环保地转化为高附加值化工产品(CH_(4),CO,CH_(3)OH等),能够有效降低环境污染并且促进资源利用.商用P25(TiO_(2))因其具有无毒、化学稳定性和强氧化还原电位而被广泛研究.然而,TiO_(2)的带隙高达3.0 e V,只有在紫外光激发下才能产生光生载流子,这极大地限制了其在光催化领域的应用.单原子催化剂(SACs)具有金属原子利用率高、选择性高和活性高等优点,可用于精细化工合成、氧还原和污染物降解等催化领域.由于单个原子具有极高的表面自由能,因此如何稳定地保持原子分散,避免原子团聚成为SACs制备和反应过程中的一大挑战.本文通过简单的负压封装后热解方法实现了Fe在TiO_(2)表面的原子级分散负载,所制备的Fe SA/TiO_(2)催化剂展现出高效的光催化CO_(2)还原性能,并且利用多种表征手段及理论计算研究了TiO_(2)表面Fe位点促进CO_(2)高效转化的反应机制.扫描透射电子显微镜高角环形暗场像(HADDF-STEM)表明Fe以单原子形式分散在TiO_(2)表面.利用X射线吸收光谱研究了10Fe SA/TiO_(2)的配位情况和价态,结果表明,Fe的平均价态在Fe^(2+)和Fe^(3+)之间,10Fe SA/TiO_(2)中存在Fe-O键而不是Fe-Fe键.光电化学性能测试结果表明,Fe单原子的引入有利于光生载流子的分离,提高了可见光的利用率.光催化CO_(2)还原实验结果表明,最优的10Fe SA/TiO_(2)催化剂展示了最好的光催化CO_(2)转化为CO(48.2μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1))和CH4(113.4μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1))性能,而TiO_(2)体系仅产生少量CO(2.7μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)).13C同位素标记结果表明,产物中的C来自CO_(2)的催化转化.通过密度泛函理论计算对Fe单原子引入增强的CO_(2)还原性能机理进行探究,结果表明,CO_(2)在Fe位点的吸附能显著高于TiO_(2)中的Ti位点,Fe SA/TiO_(2)的d带中心向费米能级的偏移进一步证实了Fe位点的引入促进了催化剂对C1小分子的吸附.CO_(2)吸附在催化剂表面的差分电荷密度分布表明,Fe SA/TiO_(2)上的电子沿Ti-O-Fe-C路径快速转移.吉布斯自由能的计算结果表明,Fe SA/TiO_(2)表面形成*COOH所需能量(0.89 eV)明显低于TiO_(2)(1.51 e V),且CO^(*)在Fe位点转化为CHO*和进一步加氢生成CH_(4)在热力学上都是有利的.采用原位红外对CO_(2)在催化剂表面反应的中间产物进行检测,结果发现*CO,*COOH,CHO*等中间产物的存在,基于上述研究提出了FeSA/TiO_(2)光催化还原CO_(2)可能的反应路径.综上,本文为设计CO_(2)转化为高附加值产物的单原子催化剂提供了有效策略.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52274411)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51904287)the Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture,Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAGM2022D11)。
文摘The improper disposal of spent selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts causes environmental pollution and metal resource waste.A novel process to recover anatase titanium dioxide (TiO_(2)) from spent SCR catalysts was proposed.The process included alkali (NaOH) hydrothermal treatment,sulfuric acid washing,and calcination.Anatase TiO_(2) in spent SCR catalyst was reconstructed by forming Na_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) nanosheet during NaOH hydrothermal treatment and H_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) during sulfuric acid washing.Anatase TiO_(2) was recovered by decomposing H_(2)Ti_(2)O_(4)(OH)_(2) during calcination.The surface pore properties of the recovered anatase TiO_(2) were adequately improved,and its specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume (PV) were 85 m^(2)·g^(-1)and 0.40 cm^(3)·g^(-1),respectively.The elements affecting catalytic abilities(arsenic and sodium) were also removed.The SCR catalyst was resynthesized using the recovered TiO_(2) as raw material,and its catalytic performance in NO selective reduction was comparable with that of commercial SCR catalyst.This study realized the sustainable recycling of anatase TiO_(2) from spent SCR catalyst.
文摘为了提高CO催化氧化性能,将Pt/TiO_(2)催化剂在液相中进行紫外照射预处理以增加电子−空穴迁移速率,诱导Pt颗粒长大,然后制备不同UV照射时间的Pt/TiO_(2)催化剂,测试样品的催化性能和氧化能力,表征样品表面的活性颗粒直径、金属分散度和元素价态,并利用原位红外光谱研究CO催化反应机理的变化。研究结果表明,制备的Pt颗粒直径为1~2 nm,经过8 h UV预处理的Pt/TiO_(2)催化剂颗粒直径最大,Pt0含量增加,且具有最佳的CO催化性能,CO的完全转化温度降低了约45℃,活性位点的TOF提高15倍。通过对反应机理的分析发现,UV照射能减少副反应发生,提高CO转化率。
