Fe_3O_4/Ni复合纳米颗粒的制备及其微波吸收特性

采用电爆炸技术,合成了粒径约为70 nm的Ni纳米颗粒,以3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂(MPTS)对Ni颗粒进行表面改性,利用共沉淀法对改性Ni颗粒进行包覆得到核-壳结构的复合纳米颗粒。将获得的复合纳米颗粒作为微波吸收剂,并以不同比例分散到热固性酚醛树脂中,涂刷在200 mm×200 mm的金属板上,用RAM反射率远场RCS测量法研究了微波吸收特性。研究表明,核-壳结构Fe3O4/Ni复合颗粒作为微波吸收剂,在相同质量比条件下,其微波吸收性能明显优于纯Ni纳米颗粒或Fe3O4纳米颗粒的情况,并且在Fe3O4/Ni核-壳结构复合纳米颗粒中随着镍含量的提高,微波吸收增强,而随着Fe3O4含量的增加,微波吸收频段向高频段移动。

锦纶织物复合化学镀(Ni-P)-Fe_3O_4复合镀层

采用复合化学镀技术,实现了锦纶织物纤维表面复合化学镀(Ni-P)-Fe3O4纳米微粒复合镀层。结果表明:与化学镀镍-磷合金相比,不同分散剂分散Fe3O4纳米颗粒镀层表面粗糙度有所不同,但晶体结构没有改变。当质量增加率相同时,酸性化学镀镍-磷合金织物的电磁波屏蔽性能优于碱性化学镀镍-磷合金织物。烘燥温度和时间、Fe3O4纳米颗粒添加量及分散剂种类都对酸性化学镀镍-磷合金织物的电磁波屏蔽、表面电阻和耐磨性能有不同程度的影响。

功能化壳聚糖磁性微球的制备及其对Cr^(3+)、Ni^(2+)的吸附

以经SiO_2包覆的Fe_3O_4和4-氯苯基异氰酸酯修饰的壳聚糖为原料,六亚甲基双异氰酸酯(HDI)为连接剂,制得功能化Fe_3O_4@Si O_2-壳聚糖磁性微球(磁性微球C),并利用SEM、FTIR对其进行表征,考察了所得磁性微球C对Cr^(3+)和Ni^(2+)的吸附性能。结果表明:磁性微球C的平均粒径为520 nm左右且分散性好。对Cr^(3+)、Ni^(2+)的吸附在60 min内达到平衡,在吸附剂质量为0.2 g,Cr^(3+)浓度为2.5 mmol/L,p H=3.0时,Cr^(3+)的单位吸附量为191.1 mg/g;在Ni^(2+)浓度为0.1 mmol/L,pH=5.0时,Ni^(2+)的单位吸附量为4.725 mg/g。所测等温吸附数据既符合Langmuir模型,也符合Freundlich模型。

Enhanced dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol by recoverable Ni/Fe–Fe_3O_4 nanocomposites

Ni/Fe-Fe3O4 nanocomposites were synthesized for dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol （2,4-DCP）. The effects of the Ni content in Ni/Fe-Fe3O4 nanocomposites, solution pH, and common dissolved ions on the dechlorination efficiency were investigated, in addition to the reusability of the nanocomposites. The results showed that increasing content of Ni in Ni/Fe-FesO4 nanocomposites, from 1 to 5 wt.%, greatly increased the dechlorination efficiency; the Ni/Fe-Fe3O4 nanocomposites had much higher dechlorination efficiency than bare Ni/Fe nanoparticles. Ni content of S wt.% and initial pH below 6.0 was found to be the optimal conditions for the catalytic dechlorination of 2,4-DCP. Both 2,4-DCP and the intermediate product 2-chlorophenol （2-CP） were completely removed, and the concentra- tion of the final product phenol was close to the theoretical phenol production from complete dechlorination of 20 mg/L of 2,4-DCP, after 3 hr reaction at initial pH value of 6.0, 3 g/L Ni/Fe-Fe3O4, S wt.% Ni content in the composite, and temperature of 22℃ 2,4-DCP dechlorination was enhanced by C1- and inhibited by NO3- and SO42-. The nanocomposites were easily separated from the solution by an applied magnetic field. When the catalyst was reused, the removal efficiency of 2,4-DCP was almost 100% for the first seven uses, and gradually decreased to 75% in cycles 8-10. Therefore, the Ni/Fe-Fe3O4 nanocomposites can be considered as a potentially effective tool for remediation of Pollution bv 2.4-DCP.