We describe a new species, Fejervarya muangkanensis sp. nov., based on a series of specimens collected from Ban Tha Khanun, Thong Pha Phum District, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. The new species is easily distingui...We describe a new species, Fejervarya muangkanensis sp. nov., based on a series of specimens collected from Ban Tha Khanun, Thong Pha Phum District, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. The new species is easily distinguished from its congeners by morphological and molecular data, and can be diagnosed by the following characters： （1） small size （adult male snout-vent length （SVL） 33.5 mm; female SVL 40.0-40.9 mm）; （2） tympanum small, discernible but unclear; （3） poorly developed toe webbing; （4） no lateral line system in adults; （5） characteristic ＂Fejervaryan＂ lines present in females; and （6） femoral glands absent. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial 16S rRNA further supports it as a distinct lineage and distinguishes it from its congeners for which sequences are available.展开更多
Antimicrobial peptides（AMPs）,a class of gene-encoded peptides,are the first line of immune system to defense microbial invasions in multicellular organisms.Cathelicidins are an important family of AMPs that have bee...Antimicrobial peptides（AMPs）,a class of gene-encoded peptides,are the first line of immune system to defense microbial invasions in multicellular organisms.Cathelicidins are an important family of AMPs that have been identified exclusively in vertebrates.However,up to now,cathelicidins from amphibians are poorly understood.In the present study,we reported the identification and characterization of two novel cathelicidins（FM-CATH1 and FMCATH2） from the frog Fejervarya multistriata.The c DNA sequences encoding FM-CATHs were successfully cloned from the constructed lung c DNA library of F.multistriata.Both of the c DNA sequences encoding FM-CATHs are 447 bp in length,and the deduced mature peptides of FM-CATHs are composed of 34 residues.Structural analysis indicated that FM-CATH1 and FM-CATH2 mainly assume amphipathic alpha-helical conformations.Antimicrobial and bacterial killing kinetic analysis indicated that both FM-CATH1 and FM-CATH2 possess potent,broad-spectrum and rapid antimicrobial potency.And cytoplasmic membrane permeabilization analysis indicated that FM-CATH1 and FMCATH2 kill bacteria by inducing the permeabilization of bacterial membrane.Besides direct antimicrobial activities,FM-CATHs also exhibited significant inhibitory effect on the formation of bacterial biofilms at low concentrations below 1×MIC.Furthermore,FM-CATH1 and FM-CATH2 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting LPS-induced transcription and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in mouse peritoneal macrophages.Meanwhile,FM-CATHs showed relatively low cytotoxic activity against mammalian normal and tumor cell lines,and low hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes.In summary,the identification of FM-CATHs provides novel clues for our understanding of the roles of cathelicidins in amphibian immune systems.The potent antimicrobial,biofilm inhibitory,anti-inflammatory activities,and low cytotoxicity of FM-CATHs imply their great potential in novel antibiotics development.展开更多
We describe a new species of frog in the dicroglossid genus Fejervarya from Ban Monjong, Omkoi District, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. Analysis of DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial gene 16S, advertise...We describe a new species of frog in the dicroglossid genus Fejervarya from Ban Monjong, Omkoi District, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. Analysis of DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial gene 16S, advertisement calls, and morphological distinctiveness support recognition of the new species. Matrilineal genealogy suggests that the new population from Chiang Mai is a sister taxon to the South Asian clade that includes F. syhadrensis, F. granosa, and F. pierreL The new species, Fejervarya chiangmaiensis sp. nov., differs morphologically from its congeners by its relatively small body size and proportions and the presence of dorsal warts and dermal ridges. Discovery of this new species indicates that the biodiversity of amphibians in this region remains underestimated.展开更多
A new Dicroglossid species is described from Mawphlang,Meghalaya,northeastern India. The new species differs from all the congeners occurring in this region in body size and call characteristics. It is larger than Fej...A new Dicroglossid species is described from Mawphlang,Meghalaya,northeastern India. The new species differs from all the congeners occurring in this region in body size and call characteristics. It is larger than Fejervarya syhadrensis and F. nepalensis,but smaller than F. teraiensis. It overlaps F. pierrei in snout-vent length,but clearly differs from it in advertisement call,with much shorter note duration,much longer inter note interval,and much lower dominant frequency. Paucity of genetic information and underestimation of species diversity in this region are discussed.展开更多
The genus Minervarya is among the most widely distributed,commonly occurring,and taxonomically confusing groups of dicroglossid frogs in India.Recent studies have provided evidence that this genus contains complexes o...The genus Minervarya is among the most widely distributed,commonly occurring,and taxonomically confusing groups of dicroglossid frogs in India.Recent studies have provided evidence that this genus contains complexes of morphologically conserved but genetically divergent taxa—some widely distributed across South and Southeast Asia,and many particularly restricted to the Western Ghats region of the Indian Peninsula—posing several challenges in resolving long-standing taxonomic confusions.Here,we present a systematic review of minervaryan species found in Peninsular India,based on extensive DNA barcoding with nearly 400 samples from the entire range of the genus,including 277 new samples and topotypic material for most available names from the study area,combined with detailed morphological studies.As a result,we recognise 18 species in Peninsular India,including a new species described herein as Minervarya pentali sp.nov.Due to the comprehensive nature of the study,including comparisons with all available types,certain long-standing taxonomic uncertainties on the status of ten previously known taxa are resolved Rana(Tomopterna)parambikulamana Rao,1937(=Minervarya parambikulamana),Rana(Hylorana)sauriceps Rao,1937(=Minervarya sauriceps),and Fejervarya kudremukhensis Kuramoto,Joshy,Kurabayashi,and Sumida,2008"2007"(=Minervarya kudremukhensis),are considered as junior subjective synonyms of Rana(Rana)limnocharis mysorensis Rao,1922(=Minervarya mysorensis);Nyctibatrachus sanctipdustris var.modestus Rao,1920(=Minervarya modesta)is proposed to be a synonym of Rana limnocharis syhadrensis Annandale,1919(=Minervarya syhadrensis);while Rana murthii Pillai,1979(=Minervarya murthii)and Fejervarya mudduraja Kuramoto,Joshy,Kurabayashi,and Sumida,2008"2007"(=Minervarya mudduraja)are considered as junior subjective synonyms of Rana nilagirica Jerdon,1853(=Minervarya nilagirica).At the same time,Rana brevipalmata Peters,1871(=Minervarya brevipalmata),previously known only from its original description and the type specimen,is recognised as a distinct species referable to live populations in the Western Ghats.The study results in taxonomic stability of all the currently recognised members of the genus in Peninsular India.Significant geographical range extensions of species previously known from single localities are also provided based on morphologically and genetically confirmed records.Additionally,we classify all the recognised species into eight species-groups,with the aim of facilitating a better working taxonomy and future systematic studies on minervaryan frogs across their entire known range in Asia.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31501843)Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(Y4ZK111B01:2015CASEABRI002)Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS,and Animal Branch of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species,CAS(Large Research Infrastructure Funding)
文摘We describe a new species, Fejervarya muangkanensis sp. nov., based on a series of specimens collected from Ban Tha Khanun, Thong Pha Phum District, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. The new species is easily distinguished from its congeners by morphological and molecular data, and can be diagnosed by the following characters： （1） small size （adult male snout-vent length （SVL） 33.5 mm; female SVL 40.0-40.9 mm）; （2） tympanum small, discernible but unclear; （3） poorly developed toe webbing; （4） no lateral line system in adults; （5） characteristic ＂Fejervaryan＂ lines present in females; and （6） femoral glands absent. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial 16S rRNA further supports it as a distinct lineage and distinguishes it from its congeners for which sequences are available.
基金supported by the grants BK20160336 from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province to Yan CHEN16KJB350004 from the Natural Science Foundation of College in Jiangsu Province to Yipeng WANG+1 种基金SYN201407 and SYN201504 from the Suzhou Science and Technology Development Project to Yipeng WANG2015NY06 from the Haimen Science and Technology Development Project to Yipeng WANG
文摘Antimicrobial peptides（AMPs）,a class of gene-encoded peptides,are the first line of immune system to defense microbial invasions in multicellular organisms.Cathelicidins are an important family of AMPs that have been identified exclusively in vertebrates.However,up to now,cathelicidins from amphibians are poorly understood.In the present study,we reported the identification and characterization of two novel cathelicidins（FM-CATH1 and FMCATH2） from the frog Fejervarya multistriata.The c DNA sequences encoding FM-CATHs were successfully cloned from the constructed lung c DNA library of F.multistriata.Both of the c DNA sequences encoding FM-CATHs are 447 bp in length,and the deduced mature peptides of FM-CATHs are composed of 34 residues.Structural analysis indicated that FM-CATH1 and FM-CATH2 mainly assume amphipathic alpha-helical conformations.Antimicrobial and bacterial killing kinetic analysis indicated that both FM-CATH1 and FM-CATH2 possess potent,broad-spectrum and rapid antimicrobial potency.And cytoplasmic membrane permeabilization analysis indicated that FM-CATH1 and FMCATH2 kill bacteria by inducing the permeabilization of bacterial membrane.Besides direct antimicrobial activities,FM-CATHs also exhibited significant inhibitory effect on the formation of bacterial biofilms at low concentrations below 1×MIC.Furthermore,FM-CATH1 and FM-CATH2 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting LPS-induced transcription and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in mouse peritoneal macrophages.Meanwhile,FM-CATHs showed relatively low cytotoxic activity against mammalian normal and tumor cell lines,and low hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes.In summary,the identification of FM-CATHs provides novel clues for our understanding of the roles of cathelicidins in amphibian immune systems.The potent antimicrobial,biofilm inhibitory,anti-inflammatory activities,and low cytotoxicity of FM-CATHs imply their great potential in novel antibiotics development.
基金supported by the Program of the Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y4ZK111B01:2015CASEABRI002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31501843)+5 种基金Animal Branch of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Large Research Infrastructure Funding)sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Visiting Fellowship for Researchers(Postdoc.) from Developing Countries(2013FFS130015)supported by the Russian Science Foundation(RSF grant No.14-50-00029)supported by a NSERC Discovery Grant(3148)the ROM Foundationthe ROM Members Volunteer Committee
文摘We describe a new species of frog in the dicroglossid genus Fejervarya from Ban Monjong, Omkoi District, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. Analysis of DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial gene 16S, advertisement calls, and morphological distinctiveness support recognition of the new species. Matrilineal genealogy suggests that the new population from Chiang Mai is a sister taxon to the South Asian clade that includes F. syhadrensis, F. granosa, and F. pierreL The new species, Fejervarya chiangmaiensis sp. nov., differs morphologically from its congeners by its relatively small body size and proportions and the presence of dorsal warts and dermal ridges. Discovery of this new species indicates that the biodiversity of amphibians in this region remains underestimated.
文摘A new Dicroglossid species is described from Mawphlang,Meghalaya,northeastern India. The new species differs from all the congeners occurring in this region in body size and call characteristics. It is larger than Fejervarya syhadrensis and F. nepalensis,but smaller than F. teraiensis. It overlaps F. pierrei in snout-vent length,but clearly differs from it in advertisement call,with much shorter note duration,much longer inter note interval,and much lower dominant frequency. Paucity of genetic information and underestimation of species diversity in this region are discussed.
基金partially supported by the following grants to SDB:Critical Ecosystem partnership Fund,Conservation International,USA(Project 55918/2009)。
文摘The genus Minervarya is among the most widely distributed,commonly occurring,and taxonomically confusing groups of dicroglossid frogs in India.Recent studies have provided evidence that this genus contains complexes of morphologically conserved but genetically divergent taxa—some widely distributed across South and Southeast Asia,and many particularly restricted to the Western Ghats region of the Indian Peninsula—posing several challenges in resolving long-standing taxonomic confusions.Here,we present a systematic review of minervaryan species found in Peninsular India,based on extensive DNA barcoding with nearly 400 samples from the entire range of the genus,including 277 new samples and topotypic material for most available names from the study area,combined with detailed morphological studies.As a result,we recognise 18 species in Peninsular India,including a new species described herein as Minervarya pentali sp.nov.Due to the comprehensive nature of the study,including comparisons with all available types,certain long-standing taxonomic uncertainties on the status of ten previously known taxa are resolved Rana(Tomopterna)parambikulamana Rao,1937(=Minervarya parambikulamana),Rana(Hylorana)sauriceps Rao,1937(=Minervarya sauriceps),and Fejervarya kudremukhensis Kuramoto,Joshy,Kurabayashi,and Sumida,2008"2007"(=Minervarya kudremukhensis),are considered as junior subjective synonyms of Rana(Rana)limnocharis mysorensis Rao,1922(=Minervarya mysorensis);Nyctibatrachus sanctipdustris var.modestus Rao,1920(=Minervarya modesta)is proposed to be a synonym of Rana limnocharis syhadrensis Annandale,1919(=Minervarya syhadrensis);while Rana murthii Pillai,1979(=Minervarya murthii)and Fejervarya mudduraja Kuramoto,Joshy,Kurabayashi,and Sumida,2008"2007"(=Minervarya mudduraja)are considered as junior subjective synonyms of Rana nilagirica Jerdon,1853(=Minervarya nilagirica).At the same time,Rana brevipalmata Peters,1871(=Minervarya brevipalmata),previously known only from its original description and the type specimen,is recognised as a distinct species referable to live populations in the Western Ghats.The study results in taxonomic stability of all the currently recognised members of the genus in Peninsular India.Significant geographical range extensions of species previously known from single localities are also provided based on morphologically and genetically confirmed records.Additionally,we classify all the recognised species into eight species-groups,with the aim of facilitating a better working taxonomy and future systematic studies on minervaryan frogs across their entire known range in Asia.
