Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) remains one of the most common viral pathogens affecting horses worldwide presenting as a persistent infection which can establish latency in nerve ganglia (trigeminal ganglion), lymphoid ...Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) remains one of the most common viral pathogens affecting horses worldwide presenting as a persistent infection which can establish latency in nerve ganglia (trigeminal ganglion), lymphoid tissues of the respiratory tract and peripheral blood lymphocytes. EHV-1 infection induces both humoral and cellular immune responses in horses. Virus neutralising antibody, particularly in the nasopharynx, is to kill free virus shed from infected epithelial cells. Hence this antibody has important functions in reducing virus shedding and spreading infection to cohorts. Cellular immune responses, particularly those carried out by cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), have been shown to be effective in killing virus-infected cells in vitro. This review underlines the state of knowledge regarding immunity to EHV-1 and also its interaction with equine lymphocyte. Finally, the review also includes the importance of the viral immediate early (IE) protein in the pathogenesis of EHV-1. This information can be used as the basis for future research.展开更多
By means of PCR,the gene encoding gD of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) strain Luojing was amplified,cloned and sequenced.The nucleotide sequence of this gD gene was (1 251 bp,)encoding 417 amino acids.Comparied with the...By means of PCR,the gene encoding gD of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) strain Luojing was amplified,cloned and sequenced.The nucleotide sequence of this gD gene was (1 251 bp,)encoding 417 amino acids.Comparied with the published P8-2 strain,the homology of the necleotide sequence is 99.92%,and that of the deduced amino acid sequence is 100%.The results indicated that gD of BHV-1 was highly conservative.展开更多
Human SAMHD1(h SAM)restricts lentiviruses at the reverse transcription step through its d NTP triphosphohydrolase(d NTPase)activity.Besides humans,several mammalian species such as cats and cows that carry their own l...Human SAMHD1(h SAM)restricts lentiviruses at the reverse transcription step through its d NTP triphosphohydrolase(d NTPase)activity.Besides humans,several mammalian species such as cats and cows that carry their own lentiviruses also express SAMHD1.However,the intracellular distribution of feline and bovine SAMHD1(f SAM and b SAM)and its significance in their lentiviral restriction function is not known.Here,we demonstrated that f SAM and b SAM were both predominantly localized to the nucleus and nuclear localization signal(11KRPR14)-deleted f SAM and b SAM relocalized to the cytoplasm.Both cytoplasmic f SAM and b SAM retained the antiviral function against different lentiviruses and cytoplasmic f SAM could restrict Vpx-encoding SIV and HIV-2 more efficiently than its wild-type(WT)protein as cytoplasmic h SAM.Further investigation revealed that cytoplasmic f SAM was resistant to Vpx-induced degradation like cytoplasmic h SAM,while cytoplasmic b SAM was not,but they all demonstrated the same in vitro d NTPase activity and all could interact with Vpx as their WT proteins,indicating that cytoplasmic h SAM and f SAM can suppress more SIV and HIV-2 by being less sensitive to Vpx-mediated degradation.Our results suggested that f SAM-and b SAM-mediated lentiviral restriction does not require their nuclear localization and that f SAM shares more common features with h SAM.These findings may provide insights for the establishment of alternative animal models to study SAMHD1 in vivo.展开更多
文摘Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) remains one of the most common viral pathogens affecting horses worldwide presenting as a persistent infection which can establish latency in nerve ganglia (trigeminal ganglion), lymphoid tissues of the respiratory tract and peripheral blood lymphocytes. EHV-1 infection induces both humoral and cellular immune responses in horses. Virus neutralising antibody, particularly in the nasopharynx, is to kill free virus shed from infected epithelial cells. Hence this antibody has important functions in reducing virus shedding and spreading infection to cohorts. Cellular immune responses, particularly those carried out by cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), have been shown to be effective in killing virus-infected cells in vitro. This review underlines the state of knowledge regarding immunity to EHV-1 and also its interaction with equine lymphocyte. Finally, the review also includes the importance of the viral immediate early (IE) protein in the pathogenesis of EHV-1. This information can be used as the basis for future research.
文摘By means of PCR,the gene encoding gD of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) strain Luojing was amplified,cloned and sequenced.The nucleotide sequence of this gD gene was (1 251 bp,)encoding 417 amino acids.Comparied with the published P8-2 strain,the homology of the necleotide sequence is 99.92%,and that of the deduced amino acid sequence is 100%.The results indicated that gD of BHV-1 was highly conservative.
文摘目的探讨猫白血病C亚类病毒受体1的反义RNA1(feline leukemia virus subgroup C virus receptor 1 antisense RNA 1,FLVCR1-AS1)对鼻咽癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响及其机制。方法以人永生化鼻咽上皮细胞NP69(简称NP69细胞)为对照,实时荧光定量PCR(realtime fluorescent quantitative PCR,qRT-PCR)法检测鼻咽癌细胞系(5-8F、C666-1、6-10B)中FLVCR1-AS1和微小RNA(microRNA,miR)-515-5p表达。将C666-1细胞分为si-NC组、si-FLVCR1-AS1组、miR-NC组、miR-515-5p组、si-FLVCR1-AS1+anti-miR-NC组和si-FLVCR1-AS1+anti-miR-515-5p组,CCK-8法和克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖,划痕实验和Transwell检测分别检测细胞迁移和侵袭。双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证FLVCR1-AS1和miR-515-5p调控关系。结果鼻咽癌细胞系(5-8F、C666-1、6-10B)中FLVCR1-AS1表达高于NP69细胞(2.26±0.11、4.19±0.24、3.54±0.18 vs 1.00±0.00,P<0.05),而miR-515-5p表达低于NP69细胞(0.86±0.09、0.20±0.03、0.47±0.05 vs 1.00±0.00,P<0.05)。与si-NC组比较,si-FLVCR1-AS1组C666-1细胞光密度(optical density,OD)值(0.59±0.03 vs 1.34±0.08)、克隆数[(55.67±1.70)个vs(114.67±3.30)个]、迁移距离[(75.34±3.09)μm vs(186.29±9.29)μm]、侵袭数[(69.33±3.68)个vs(149.67±6.80)个]降低(P均<0.05)。与miR-NC组比较,miR-515-5p组C666-1细胞OD值(0.51±0.04 vs 1.36±0.07)、克隆数[(46.67±1.25)个vs(115.67±4.11)个]、迁移距离[(65.89±1.96)μm vs(186.49±8.33)μm]、侵袭数[(58.33±2.05)个vs(150.00±6.98)个]降低(P均<0.05)。FLVCR1-AS1可靶向负调控miR-515-5p。与si-FLVCR1-AS1+anti-miR-NC组比较,si-FLVCR1-AS1+anti-miR-515-5p组C666-1细胞OD值(1.16±0.06 vs 0.59±0.04)、克隆数[(106.00±3.56)个vs(55.33±2.49)个]、迁移距离[(164.06±7.40)μm vs(75.48±2.62)μm]、侵袭数[(134.67±5.31)个vs(69.00±2.94)个]升高(P均<0.05)。结论 FLVCR1-AS1可能靶向下调miR-515-5p促进鼻咽癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270807)the Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program in the Thirteenth Five-year Plan Period(2018ZX10731101-002-003 and 2018ZX10731101-001-020)+3 种基金Program for Jilin University Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(JLUSTIRT)(2017TD05)National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20180124)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M641786)Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province(20200901030SF)。
文摘Human SAMHD1(h SAM)restricts lentiviruses at the reverse transcription step through its d NTP triphosphohydrolase(d NTPase)activity.Besides humans,several mammalian species such as cats and cows that carry their own lentiviruses also express SAMHD1.However,the intracellular distribution of feline and bovine SAMHD1(f SAM and b SAM)and its significance in their lentiviral restriction function is not known.Here,we demonstrated that f SAM and b SAM were both predominantly localized to the nucleus and nuclear localization signal(11KRPR14)-deleted f SAM and b SAM relocalized to the cytoplasm.Both cytoplasmic f SAM and b SAM retained the antiviral function against different lentiviruses and cytoplasmic f SAM could restrict Vpx-encoding SIV and HIV-2 more efficiently than its wild-type(WT)protein as cytoplasmic h SAM.Further investigation revealed that cytoplasmic f SAM was resistant to Vpx-induced degradation like cytoplasmic h SAM,while cytoplasmic b SAM was not,but they all demonstrated the same in vitro d NTPase activity and all could interact with Vpx as their WT proteins,indicating that cytoplasmic h SAM and f SAM can suppress more SIV and HIV-2 by being less sensitive to Vpx-mediated degradation.Our results suggested that f SAM-and b SAM-mediated lentiviral restriction does not require their nuclear localization and that f SAM shares more common features with h SAM.These findings may provide insights for the establishment of alternative animal models to study SAMHD1 in vivo.
