Health promotion and education proposal among Chinese female college students:eliminating cervical cancer is no longer a dream

Cervical cancer is a serious threat to women’s health.Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus(HPV)infection is a necessary factor for cervical cancer development and has become a serious public health threat to women.At present,young women have become a high-risk group for potential HPV infection.HPV vaccination is an effective method to prevent HPV infection and related diseases and is a primary preventive measure for HPV infection-related diseases.This study explores the influencing factors of female college students’willingness to receive HPV vaccination,their ability to understand college students’HPV awareness,their motivation for HPV vaccination,their behavioral skills related to HPV vaccination,their willingness to receive HPV vaccination and their vaccination rate.The aim of this study was to increase the HPV vaccination rate of Chinese female college students through health education programs and thus reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.

A Study on the Impact of Cheerleading on the Psychological Health of Female College Students

This study investigates the effects of technical cheerleading and dance cheerleading on the psychological health of female college students by utilizing the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90),the Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale for Interpersonal Relationships,and the Social Adaptability Diagnostic Scale.The findings indicate the following:(1)Technical cheerleading has a highly significant impact on sensitivity in interpersonal relationships,paranoia,and psychoticism,and a significant effect on anxiety and hostility;dance cheerleading has a highly significant effect on paranoia;(2)Both technical and dance cheerleading have minimal impact on the overall score distribution of interpersonal relationships among female college students,but the dimensions of their effects differ;(3)The impact of technical cheerleading on the social adaptability of female college students is more pronounced than that of dance cheerleading.

Discussion on the Relationship between Dieting and Bone Density among Female College Students and the Health Guidance

We studied the relationship between dieting and bone density among female college students and the current state thereof. Female college students are generally thin, with the time to giving birth and raising the next generation approaching. We expect the results of this study will be useful in improving health guidance. The subjects consisted of 124 female college students. Their average age was 21.4. The ultrasonic propagation velocity of the heel bone was measured as the bone density value. Body height, weight, and BMI (Body mass index) were also measured. Further, a multiple choice and short answer survey was conducted regarding their desire to be thin and dieting. Classifying the subjects by BMI, 16 students were underweight (13%), 102 students were of normal weight (84%), and 4 students were overweight (3%). 95% of those in the normal weight group had a desire to be thin, while 44% of the underweight group had a desire to be thin. Moreover, 31% of those in the normal weight group were currently on a diet, while 21% of the underweight group was also on a diet. The distribution of bone density (%YAM value: Young Adult Mean) was as follows: 61 students (49%) were in the high density group (≥100);58 students (47%) were in the middle density group (≥80 - <100);and 5 students (4%) were in the low density group (<80). The more the bone density decreased, the greater the proportion of students with dieting experience. Among students with no dieting experience, the %YAM value was high when the BMI value was high. All of the students in the low density group had a desire to be thin, even though their bone density was low. Students who do not need to be thin had a desire to be thin and were considering continuing dieting going forward. Moreover, some students fell into the %YAM low density group, which is worrisome for the future. It is believed necessary to reinforce health guidance regarding dieting and bone density in school education. In particular, it is necessary to improve guidance since we observed a lack of knowledge regarding osteoporosis prevention.

A Survey on the Sexual and Contraceptive Behaviors in Chinese Female College Students

To get information in the sexual and contraceptive behaviors in Chinese female college students, a randomized cluster sampling was conducted in colleges and universities in Wuhan Area, China, in terms of types of colleges, subjects （literature, sciences, medicines, art etc）, and grades etc. A total number of 2450 questionnaires were distributed, with 2365 questionnaires returned being valid. The return rate of valid questionnaires was 96.6 %. The questionnaire investigation was conducted on a multiple-choice and anonymous basis. Data were input into computer and SPSS12.0 software package was employed for statistical analysis. Among the female students, 1196 had the experiences of hugging and kissing （50.57 %） and 423 （17.89 %） had sexual experiences （sexual intercourse）. The first sexual intercourse took place at the age of 19.23±1.74 y. There were significant differences in the sexual experiences among the majors of different subjects, with the rate of sexual experiences in art majors （43.17 %） and high-grade students （34.31%） being the highest. The causes of the first sexual intercourse included sexual impulse, curiosity, intention to strengthen the relationship or to show loyalty to boyfriend and sometimes violence. While the motives of the sexual intercourse within the past one year before the investigation were to satisfy the sexual needs and to strengthen the relation with their boyfriends. With both first intercourse and sexual experiences within last one year, the partners of the sexual intercourse were mainly their boyfriends （95.7 % and 97.3 % respectively）, but the partners also included acquaintances, ＂one night stand＂ partners and customers of sex trade. Some of them had multiple sexual partners, with the highest number of the sexual partners being 11. In the first sexual intercourse of the subjects, 44.0 % of them did not take any contraceptive measures; only 16.4 % of them used condoms. In the sexual intercourse within the last one year, only 44.6 % took contraceptive measures every time they had sexual intercourse. Among those who took contraceptive measures, 64.4 % used condoms. Among those who had sexual intercourse, 101 persons got pregnant, with a rate of pregnancy being 4.3 %, accounting for 23.9 % of all who had sexual intercourse. Among those who got pregnant, 78 persons got pregnant once; the others became pregnant more than two times, the highest being 5 times. There were 122 persons who had inflammation of reproductive system, mostly vaginitis. Other conditions included venereal warts and herpes genitalis. It is concluded that the rate of sexual behaviors is high in female college students and there exist promiscuity, unexpected pregnancy and transmission of STD in the students.

Intervention Study on Hypnotherapy of Primary Dysmenorrhea in Female College Students

Objective:To understand the relevant situation of primary dysmenorrhea among the subjects and target the relief of pain and associated symptoms through hypnotherapy only.Methods:The study recruited a total of 23 female college students who underwent primary dysmenorrhea as objects and conducted a self-report study.The clinical effect of hypnotic suggestion on primary dysmenorrhea was analyzed using the Visual Analogue Scale and the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire as observation indexes.Results:This finding demonstrated a significant reduction in the primary pain score after treatment(t=6.59,P<0.01).Moreover,no significant difference was noted between the first time and the second and third times after treatment.A significant difference was observed in the total scores of MDQ before and after treatment,which indicated the positive effect of hypnotherapy(F=28.52,P<0.001).After treatment,the scores of pain(F=7.85,P<0.001),concentration(F=5.12,P<0.001),behavioural change(F=8.12,P<0.001),autonomic reactions(F=14.54,P<0.001),water retention(F=5.7,P<0.001)and negative effect(F=16.08,P<0.001)were significantly lower than that of before treatment.Through a comparison of the correlation between the reduction rate of pain score and suggestibility at different stages of treatment,the study noted no significant correlation(P>0.05).Conclusion:The experimental results demonstrate that hypnotherapy is effective in treating primary dysmenorrhea.hypnotherapy intervention can improve negative emotions and level of attention and promote behavior change.

Prevalence and associated factors of sexual violence among private college female students in Bahir Dar city, North Western Ethiopia

Background: Despite the higher risk victimization of young women in Ethiopia, the prevalence of sexual violence and its determinants among college students were scarce, particularly in the study area. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and associated factors of sexual violence among female private college students in Bahir Dar city. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in April 2012 among 541 female college students in Bahir Dar city using multistage sampling technique. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis with SPSS version 16 soft ware package. Result: The study revealed that the prevalence of sexual violence among female college students was 37.3%. Respondents whose childhood background from rural areas were more than four times likely to have had sexual violence (AOR = 4.51, 95%CI: 1.67 - 12.16). The odds of sexual violence were higher for those respondents who had a close friend who drank alcohol (AOR = 3.13, 95%CI: 1.09 - 8.97). Besides, respondents who had never discussed on reproductive health issues with their parents were more than four times likely to have had sexual violence (AOR = 4.36, 95%CI: 1.40 -13.56). Conclusion: This study shows that sexual violence among female college students is higher. Sexual violence is associated with certain variables such as rural childhood residence, having a close friend who drank alcohol, and not discussing reproductive issues with parents. Therefore, it is recommend ed that sexual violence needs due attention and remedial action from policy makers, college officials, parents, students and other concerned bodies.

Physical Activity and Fruit and Vegetable Intake among Black and White Female College Students at Two- and Four-Year Colleges and Universities

Objective: We compared fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, physical activity (PA), and overweight/ obesity among Black and White females attending two- and four-year colleges. Methods: We recruited 24,055 students at six colleges in the Southeast to complete an online survey, yielding 4840 responses (20.1% response rate). The current analyses focused on the 2276 Black and White females. Results: Binary logistic regression analyses indicated that recommended FV intake among White females was associated with greater extraversion (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.05, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.00, 1.11, p = 0.05) and greater conscientiousness (OR = 1.08, CI 1.02, 1.14, p = 0.01), whereas among Black females correlates included greater openness to experience (OR = 1.08, CI 1.01, 1.15, p = 0.03). Ordinal logistic regression analyses indicated that, among White females, greater PA was associated with attending a four-year college (Beta = 0.27, CI 0.01, 0.53, p = 0.04), whereas among Black females, correlates were with younger age (Beta = -0.01, CI -0.17, -0.03, p = 0.003) and greater emotional stability (Beta = 0.07, CI 0.01, 0.13, p = 0.02). Binary logistic regression analyses indicated that, among White females, being overweight or obese was associated with older age (OR = 1.08, CI 1.01, 1.16, p = 0.03), attending a two-year college (OR = 1.62, CI 1.22, 2.16, p = 0.001), and lower satisfaction with life (OR = 0.96, CI 0.94, 0.98, p = 0.002), whereas among Black females, being overweight or obese was associated with older age (OR = 1.87, CI 1.10, 1.28, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Identifying factors related to obesity-related factors is critical in developing interventions targeting factors associated with overweight and obesity among Black and White females attending two- and four-year colleges. Moreover, understanding different college settings and the contextual factors associated with overweight/obesity is critical.

Correlations between five-pattern personality scores from traditional Chinese medicine and autonomic nervous response indicators in healthy female college students

Objective:To explore the correlations between five-pattern personality scores and autonomic nervous response indicators in Chinese female college students,to provide a foundation for further exploration of the modern physiological basis of these personality types.Methods:Subjects were asked to fill in 'The Five-Pattern Personality Inventory' (revised edition 2008).Taiyang,Shaoyang,yin-yang balance,Taiyin,and Shaoyin personalities were scored.The galvanic skin response and heart rate,and the low frequency (LF),high frequency (HF),and LF/HF ratio of heart rate variability were collected using a 16-channel physiological recorder (BIOPAC MP150).Relationship between the five-pattern personality scores and autonomic nervous response indicators was analyzed using bivariate correlation.Results:The five-pattern personality scores of the subjects were compared with national averages.The Taiyang and Shaoyang personality scores of the subjects were significantly lower than the overall national average,the national female average,and the national female average in the 18-29-year-old age group (all P <.05).The Taiyang personality score was negatively correlated with both the LF and the HF (P =.009 and P =.001,respectively),and the yin-yang balance personality score was significantly negatively correlated with the galvanic skin response (P =.026).Conclusion:There is a relationship between five-pattern personality scores and autonomic nervous response indicators in Chinese female college students.The higher the Taiyang personality score,the lower the sympathetic and vagus nerve excitability;the higher the yinyang balance personality score,the lower the sympathetic nerve excitability.

Analysis and Guiding Strategy of Female College Students' Behaviors in the Webcast

With the rise of live webcasts,the phenomenon of female college students'live webcasts is worthy of attention.According to the present situation,female college students'behaviors of the live webcast are different because of the difference in subject attributes,and they have higher cognition degrees due to the effect of advertisement implantation.Thanks to the convenient means of live broadcast,the diversity of the motive of live broadcast,and the multi-dimensional content,they have higher participation.There are many hidden dangers because of weak supervision and management.The main problems are as follows:the content has a vulgar tendency,public opinion has out-of-control risk,competition has hidden violence,supervision has a“Vacuum zone”.To strengthen the education and guidance of female college students'live webcast behaviors,we should adhere to the valuable guidance and set up the correct network values.Meanwhile,we also need to strengthen the guidance of public opinions,purify the field of live broadcast public opinion,and improve media literacy to establish an excellent concept of network security,strengthen network supervision,and build a perfect system of live broadcast rules.

Teachers Are Key Factors of Universities Peking Female Higher Normal College 1917-1922

The successful experiences that cause Peking Female Higher Normal College （PKFHNC） to complete a relatively large scale of talents training task and become the birthplace of modern female intellectuals in early 20th century China in spite of disorder of social circumstance outside and regular educational system inside are as follows. First, with the endeavor of Chen Zhongfan, Dean of Chinese Department, PKFHNC gathered lots of leading scholars both from old school and new school during May Fourth Movement; second, these leading scholars＇ diversified academic thoughts, political ideas, and educational experiences encouraged students to think freely and critically; finally, their deep concerns about the future of China society, academic disciplines, and women＇s liberation and education caused all superficial changes and differences of PKFHNC to form an united spiritual power, which promoted this group of female students＇ development deeply.

Health Related Physical Fitness Measures: Reference Values and Predictive Equations for Saudi Female College Students

Health related-physical fitness (HRPF) is critical for maintaining and enhancing health and quality of life. Purposes: To estimate the reference values and predictive equations for frequently used clinical field HRPF measures in a sample of Saudi female college students aged 18 - 24 years. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, body fat percentage (BF %) was estimated. Curl-up test (CUT) and sit and reach test (SRT) were applied in 216 students. The Queen’s College Step Test (QCST) was used to predict maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max). Physical activity (PA) level was also measured using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: The mean of BF %, SRT, CUT, and predicted VO2 max were 23.98% ± 6.13%, 17.10 ± 7.50 cm, 28.17 ± 7.72 number/min, and 39.58 ± 4.01 ml/kg/min respectively. There was no significant effect of age on all HRPF measures except for BF % (F (6,215) = 3.25, p (6,215) = 4.01, p strated that BMI was the predictor for BF % and SRT and explained 65% and 4% of total variance respectively. IPAQ score, age, and height were the predictors of CUT counting 17% of total variance. While, BMI and IPAQ score were the predictors for VO2 max and explained 13% of the total variance. Conclusion: Reference values can be used clinically in the evaluation of HRPF, in the rehabilitation process as well as in designing a program to improve the HRPF for female college students with consideration of age, height, BMI, and PA level for a particular population.

性别刻板印象对重庆市高校非体育专业女大学生体育参与意愿的影响研究

高校女大学生兼具女性与大学生群体的双重性,其体育参与与身心健康逐渐受到社会关注。为缓解女大学生体育参与不足的问题,对1063名重庆市高校非体育专业女大学生进行问卷调查,探究性别刻板印象对女大学生体育参与意愿的影响及其内在机制。研究发现:(1)性别刻板印象显著降低女大学生体育参与意愿。(2)归因方式与自我效能感在性别刻板印象对体育参与意愿的影响路径中发挥并行中介作用。性别刻板印象通过降低积极归因方式、增强消极归因方式进而抑制女大学生的体育参与意愿;性别刻板印象通过削弱自我效能感进而降低女大学生的体育参与意愿,且两种归因方式并未对自我效能感的作用路径产生显著影响。(3)相比于归因方式,自我效能感在性别刻板印象影响女大学生体育参与意愿的中介路径中效用更显著。提出以下建议:(1)营造公平体育文化生态,强化性别平等观念;(2)多措并举优化运动环境,减少消极归因方式;(3)深化体育课堂教学设计,促进自我效能感提升。

高校女生12min跑和800m跑体能测试方法比较

采用实验法,比较高校女生12min跑和800m跑体能测试方法。结果表明:采用12min跑锻炼,能增强学生心肺功能和有氧耐力水平,且方法简单易行,有利于调动女大学生的锻炼积极性。对于少数无氧耐力素质较好的女生,800m跑同样可以提高耐力水平。建议以12min跑测试项目为主,800m跑作为测试的补充项目。

体育教育专业男女大学生Wingate测试分析

为分析比较体育教育专业男女大学生无氧代谢能力的特征，对186名体育教育专业男女大学生进行30s Wingate测试，结果显示，体育教育专业男大学生的最大无氧功率、平均无氧功率显著高于女生，不同时段最大转速、平均功率趋势一致，均显著高于女生，最大转速出现时间男生早于女生，男生的疲劳指数显著高于女生，女生在10～30s各组的相对峰值显著高于男生：体育教育专业男生的无氧代谢能力显著大于女生，男生与女生比较，其无氧代谢能力表现为启动速度快，峰值功率高，但无氧功率的递减率快。

训练方式和训练周期对隐性肥胖者内脏和皮下脂肪的影响

背景:研究表明,运动干预比单纯的药物治疗或限制饮食在减脂方面可能更具优势,但同时研究训练方式与训练周期对肥胖人群内脏和皮下脂肪影响的研究较少见。目的:探究训练方式和训练周期对隐性肥胖女大学生内脏和皮下脂肪的影响。方法:招募郑州工商学院隐性肥胖(体质量指数<24 kg/m^(2)且体脂含量百分数≥30%)女大学生63名,采用抽签法随机分为高强度间歇性训练组(n=32)、中等强度持续性训练组(n=31)。两组受试者均在跑台上进行对应强度的运动训练,并保证两组运动量相当,每周3次,每4周为1个训练周期,为期16周。训练前及每个训练周期末,使用对应的测试装置测量被试内脏脂肪、皮下脂肪及整体脂肪情况。结果与结论:(1)重复测量F检验结果显示,内脏脂肪面积、内脏脂肪指数、腹部皮下脂肪厚度、体脂含量和体质量指数的训练周期主效应显著,肱三头肌和肩胛骨部位皮下脂肪厚度的训练方式主效应显著,所有指标训练方式和训练周期的交互效应均显著(P均<0.05);(2)简单效应检验结果显示,训练第4,12周末的内脏脂肪面积和内脏脂肪指数,训练第8,12周末的肱三头肌、肩胛骨和腹部皮下脂肪厚度,以及第8周末体脂含量和体质量指数的训练方式简单效应显著;组内所有指标训练周期的简单效应显著;(3)多重比较结果显示,高强度间歇性训练组训练第4,8,12,16周末的内脏脂肪面积、内脏脂肪指数、体脂含量、体质量指数和腹部皮下脂肪厚度依次下降,训练第8,12,16周末肱三头肌和肩胛骨部位的皮下脂肪厚度依次下降(P均<0.05);中等强度持续性训练组训练第8,12,16周末的内脏脂肪面积、内脏脂肪指数、肱三头肌和肩胛骨部位皮下脂肪厚度以及体脂含量和体质量指数依次下降,训练第4,8,12,16周末的腹部皮下脂肪厚度依次下降(P均<0.05);(4)结果显示,训练方式和训练周期均是影响隐性肥胖女大学生内脏和皮下脂肪的因素,训练方式主要影响肱三头肌和肩胛骨部位皮下脂肪,但在较长训练周期中减脂效果可能趋同;训练周期主要影响内脏脂肪面积、内脏脂肪指数、腹部皮下脂肪、体脂含量和体质量指数。

山西省女大学生首次性行为发生时期及HIV相关高危性行为的关联性分析

[目的]掌握当前山西省女大学生性行为发生情况,并探寻其首次性行为年龄及HIV相关高危性行为之间的关联性,为今后山西省开展大学生性教育提供参考。[方法]采用整群抽样法选取山西省女大学生(本科生、研究生)作为调查对象,通过线上邀请调查对象匿名填写调查问卷。[结果]共有488名女大学生参与并完成问卷,调查对象的平均年龄为(22.98±0.62)岁,性行为发生率为23.6%,不同年龄组的调查对象性行为发生情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);82.0%的调查对象接受过性教育;41.7%首次性行为发生在大学,40.0%首次性行为发生在高中,18.3%首次性行为发生在初中。其中,首次性行为发生在大学时期的调查对象与异性发生占97.9%,首次性行为避孕套使用率为70.8%,64.6%更倾向于采取其他措施作为避孕措施,77.1%近一年性伴数<2人,近一年性行为时避孕套经常及每次使用率为77.1%。与之相比,首次性行为发生在大学时期之前的调查对象具有首次性行为未使用避孕套(P<0.001)、更倾向于采取避孕套作为避孕措施(P<0.001)、近一年性伴数≥2人(P=0.002)及近一年性行为中从不使用或偶尔使用避孕套(P=0.009)的特征。[结论]山西省女大学生性行为发生率较高及HIV相关高危性行为较多,并且首次性行为发生较早者更容易发生HIV相关高危性行为。

12min跑对超重女大学生的减肥效用研究

研究目的:探究12min跑的锻炼方式对肥胖女大学的减肥效果。实验方法:选取40名女大学生(BMI≥24)为实验对象,随机分成甲、乙两组,甲组为1min快跑1min慢跑间歇的变速跑进行12min,乙组为12min持续跑,进行为期12周的干预实验,对比甲、乙两组被试实验前后的体重、体脂率、腰臀比、肺活量和最大摄氧量及血液生化指标。研究结果:甲、乙两组实验干预后的体重、BMI、体脂率、腰臀比均出现显著性下降(P<0.01),最大摄氧量及肺活量略有提高,血液生化指标无明显变化,两组的干预效果没有显著性差异。研究结论:两组形式的12min跑对超重女大学生能有效达到减肥效果;在同等时间内,中高强度的持续训练与高强度间歇训练对减肥的效用基本无差异。

基于女性创业韧性研究的女大学生创业教育设计

企业家经常面临威胁组织生存的困境和挑战,女性创业过程中会遇到更多的障碍和刻板印象,这塑造了其特有的创业韧性。在宏观、中观和微观三个层面,女性创业韧性的保护因素和风险因素都有所不同。微观层面包括个体特质和人力资本,具有女性创业自我效能更低、以推动性创业动机为主、角色积累较为单一等特点。中观层面包括社会支持和财务资源的不同,女性承担更多的家庭责任,更难获得财务资源。宏观层面则表现为社会性别化的压力。对女性创业韧性的研究分析,对女大学生创业教育有一定启发,要求课程中加入增强女性创业自我效能、提升女大学生家庭事业的平衡能力和增强创业动机等内容。

运动感知焦虑量表的汉化及在女大学生中的信效度检验

目的:对运动感知焦虑量表(ESAQ)进行汉化,并在女大学生中进行信效度检验。方法:征得原作者授权后,通过BrisLin模型对ESAQ进行翻译、回译、文化调试和预调查,最终形成中文版运动感知焦虑量表。采用便利抽样法,于2023年9月至10月期间,通过问卷星平台对1200名女大学生进行运动感知焦虑调查,评估中文版ESAQ的信效度。结果:中文版ESAQ共2个维度,16个条目,各维度Cronbach sα系数为0.892、0.852,折半信度为0.894、0.852。探索性因子分析中共抽取2个公因子,累积方差解释率为53.057%;验证性因子分析中,X 2/df=1.365,RMSEA=0.018,GFI=0.984,NFI=0.979,CFI=0.994,TLI=0.993,模型拟合达标;内容效度指数I-CVI为0.82~0.91,S-CVI/UA为0.90。结论:中文版运动感知焦虑量表具有良好的信效度,可作为我国女大学生运动感知焦虑的评测工具。

人际价值观对女大学生宿舍关系满意度影响研究

为研究人际价值观对女大学生宿舍关系满意度的影响,采用问卷调查法,以1954名女大学生为对象,了解其宿舍关系满意度状况。结果表明,大多数女大学生对宿舍关系满意度较高,但因年级、专业、生源地不同以及是否独生而在宿舍关系满意度上存在不同程度的差异。从人际交往重要性和人际交往原则两个维度,对女大学生人际价值观和宿舍关系满意度进行相关分析和回归分析,结果显示,积极的人际价值观与女大学生较高的宿舍关系满意度呈正相关。研究结果对于引导女大学生树立积极健康的人际价值观,从而妥善处理宿舍关系、营造良好人际环境具有参考价值。