In many of D. G. Rossetti＇s paintings, Elizabeth Siddal appears as a model. In real life, they formed a married couple, and the relatonship was not as idealistic as it might have been, between a muse-figure and an ar...In many of D. G. Rossetti＇s paintings, Elizabeth Siddal appears as a model. In real life, they formed a married couple, and the relatonship was not as idealistic as it might have been, between a muse-figure and an artist. After Elizabeth＇s death, Rossetti seemed to have been preoccupied with the ＂Lilith＂ theme in his painting and poetry and somehow he could not free himself from the haunting memory of the ＂wronged wife＂, the muse. This often found manifestation in his portrayal of the ＂femme fatale＂ images. Applying psychoanalysis to art-criticism and literary appreciation, this paper is an attempt to explore the relationship between a model and an artist, which both psychologically and aesthetically, seemed to be working beyond the former＇s death. Through a detailed analysis of the ＂Lilith＂ image in D. G. Rossetti＇s art, this paper has shown the coplexities of the artist＇s agony and anxiety over the image of a muse, a homely beloved--turned into a threatening ＂femme fatale＂, now distant, unknown, frightening yet fascinating, and mystified by death.展开更多
Nous savons encore peu de choses sur la place qu＇ont les femmes dansla francaise, sur leur participation aux qui ont I＇ de la France dans la . Certes quelques noms de femmes qui ont un pendant la flottent dans...Nous savons encore peu de choses sur la place qu＇ont les femmes dansla francaise, sur leur participation aux qui ont I＇ de la France dans la . Certes quelques noms de femmes qui ont un pendant la flottent dans la commune: Marie-An-toinette, Manon Rolland, Charlotte Corday etc…En les prenant pour展开更多
The term film noir was coined by two French film critics Borde and Chaumenton in 1956 to describe American detective stories mode in the 1940s.Noir films were seen as a counter-cultural movement within Hollywood at th...The term film noir was coined by two French film critics Borde and Chaumenton in 1956 to describe American detective stories mode in the 1940s.Noir films were seen as a counter-cultural movement within Hollywood at that time,and the French new wave continued this feature in the 1960s.Therefore,the term noir itself connects the Frenchness and Americanness.This paper tends to map out the film noir sensibilities in French content through unfolding the characteristics of femme fatale in two French noir films Jean-Luc Godard’s A bout de souffle(Breathless)(1960)and Jean-Jacques Beineix’s Diva(1981).展开更多
La recherche Un métier exigeant et passionnant 50% des étudiants européens de première année sont des étudiantes. Si elles optent en majorité pour les lettres et disciplines socio-&#...La recherche Un métier exigeant et passionnant 50% des étudiants européens de première année sont des étudiantes. Si elles optent en majorité pour les lettres et disciplines socio-économiques, leur présence est de plus en plus marquée dans les facultés scientifiques et techiniques. Mais ensuite Qu’advient-il de celles qui désirent s’investir dans^1 la recherche scientifique 《Les femmes estiment que la réussite en recherche scientifique n’est en rien liée au sexe et sont prêtes être jugées selon les mêmes critères objectifs que leurs collègues masculins. En échange, elles demandent se voir offrir^2 les mêmes possibilités de carrière et les mêmes sources de financement et bénéficier des mêmes privilèges que ceux dont jouissent les hommes aux différents stades de leur carrière》 écrivait Mary Osborn, professeur au Max Planck Institute de Gttingen (Allemagne), dans une lettre Nature^3, en 1992.展开更多
This paper details the creation of a device capable of generating a powerful and consistent static magnetic field. This apparatus serves the purpose of quantifying the magnetostrictive strain found in materials like a...This paper details the creation of a device capable of generating a powerful and consistent static magnetic field. This apparatus serves the purpose of quantifying the magnetostrictive strain found in materials like annealed cobalt ferrite and Terfenol-D, specifically those shaped as cylindrical rods. In our investigation, the use of static magnetic fields proves most advantageous. This choice is made to mitigate the generation of eddy currents, which would inevitably occur if the magnetic field intensity were varied. The fundamental idea behind this design involves employing a C-shaped iron core constructed from low-carbon mild steel. On this core, three coils are mounted, each capable of producing one-third of the required 9000 Oersted (Oe) magnetic field strength. The test specimen is situated within the “jaws” of the C-shaped core, thus completing the magnetic circuit. To manage the heat generated by each coil, a cooling system consisting of copper tubes is employed. These tubes facilitate the flow of air to dissipate the heat. To model and predict the magnetic field strength produced by the coils, finite element analysis (FEMM) software is utilized, and the results align closely with the anticipated outcomes. This design effectively generates a robust and unchanging magnetic field measuring a stable 9000 Oe in total. Consequently, this equipment finds utility in characterizing the magnetic properties of specific materials.展开更多
The test selection and optimization （TSO） can improve the abilities of fault diagnosis, prognosis and health-state evalua- tion for prognostics and health management （PHM） systems. Traditionally, TSO mainly focuse...The test selection and optimization （TSO） can improve the abilities of fault diagnosis, prognosis and health-state evalua- tion for prognostics and health management （PHM） systems. Traditionally, TSO mainly focuses on fault detection and isolation, but they cannot provide an effective guide for the design for testability （DFT） to improve the PHM performance level. To solve the problem, a model of TSO for PHM systems is proposed. Firstly, through integrating the characteristics of fault severity and propa- gation time, and analyzing the test timing and sensitivity, a testability model based on failure evolution mechanism model （FEMM） for PHM systems is built up. This model describes the fault evolution- test dependency using the fault-symptom parameter matrix and symptom parameter-test matrix. Secondly, a novel method of in- herent testability analysis for PHM systems is developed based on the above information. Having completed the analysis, a TSO model, whose objective is to maximize fault trackability and mini- mize the test cost, is proposed through inherent testability analysis results, and an adaptive simulated annealing genetic algorithm （ASAGA） is introduced to solve the TSO problem. Finally, a case of a centrifugal pump system is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed models and methods. The results show that the proposed technology is important for PHM systems to select and optimize the test set in order to improve their performance level.展开更多
Because its high efficiency, its simple stator and rotor structures, the low cost and high reliability, speed operation combined with robust and low cost construction, the switched reluctance machines have represented...Because its high efficiency, its simple stator and rotor structures, the low cost and high reliability, speed operation combined with robust and low cost construction, the switched reluctance machines have represented. In recent years, an interesting alternative to other machine types has been chosen for traction applications especially starter-generator. Their rotors do not generate significant heat, resulting in easy cooling. Their unidirectional flux and current may generate lower core losses and require a simple converter design. Moreover, the switched reluctance machines are known for their high reliability and capability of operating in four quadrants for a variable speed drive. Despite those merits, switched reluctance machine has not been extensively used until recently because of its problems of torque ripples and noise. Additionally, researchers have faced many difficulties to build a SRM model because it is inherently multivariable. It has strong coupling and especially a high nonlinearity. In this paper, we deal with many modeling methods. Numerical, analytical and intelligent approaches are studied. The important aim in this research is to use static results from FEMM simulation as flux-linkage, co-energy, static torque to form a dynamic model of a switched reluctance machine used next as a starter-generator of a hybrid vehicle.展开更多
方形钕铁硼永磁铁是一种用于制作磁吸式陶瓷磁粉打印机内磁性打印版的磁性材料,因此有必要研究其磁场分布特征和磁力计算方法。先基于电磁场理论推导磁铁的磁力计算公式,再应用有限元法电磁学软件FEMM(Finite Element Method Magnetics...方形钕铁硼永磁铁是一种用于制作磁吸式陶瓷磁粉打印机内磁性打印版的磁性材料,因此有必要研究其磁场分布特征和磁力计算方法。先基于电磁场理论推导磁铁的磁力计算公式,再应用有限元法电磁学软件FEMM(Finite Element Method Magnetics)对其进行仿真分析,最后使用磁感应强度测量仪测量其磁感应强度。通过比较和分析计算、仿真和测量的结果,验证了理论计算和有限元仿真方法的有效性和可靠性,推导了方形钕铁硼永磁铁的表面磁感应强度随方形永磁铁尺寸变化的规律。展开更多
文摘In many of D. G. Rossetti＇s paintings, Elizabeth Siddal appears as a model. In real life, they formed a married couple, and the relatonship was not as idealistic as it might have been, between a muse-figure and an artist. After Elizabeth＇s death, Rossetti seemed to have been preoccupied with the ＂Lilith＂ theme in his painting and poetry and somehow he could not free himself from the haunting memory of the ＂wronged wife＂, the muse. This often found manifestation in his portrayal of the ＂femme fatale＂ images. Applying psychoanalysis to art-criticism and literary appreciation, this paper is an attempt to explore the relationship between a model and an artist, which both psychologically and aesthetically, seemed to be working beyond the former＇s death. Through a detailed analysis of the ＂Lilith＂ image in D. G. Rossetti＇s art, this paper has shown the coplexities of the artist＇s agony and anxiety over the image of a muse, a homely beloved--turned into a threatening ＂femme fatale＂, now distant, unknown, frightening yet fascinating, and mystified by death.
文摘Nous savons encore peu de choses sur la place qu＇ont les femmes dansla francaise, sur leur participation aux qui ont I＇ de la France dans la . Certes quelques noms de femmes qui ont un pendant la flottent dans la commune: Marie-An-toinette, Manon Rolland, Charlotte Corday etc…En les prenant pour
文摘The term film noir was coined by two French film critics Borde and Chaumenton in 1956 to describe American detective stories mode in the 1940s.Noir films were seen as a counter-cultural movement within Hollywood at that time,and the French new wave continued this feature in the 1960s.Therefore,the term noir itself connects the Frenchness and Americanness.This paper tends to map out the film noir sensibilities in French content through unfolding the characteristics of femme fatale in two French noir films Jean-Luc Godard’s A bout de souffle(Breathless)(1960)and Jean-Jacques Beineix’s Diva(1981).
文摘La recherche Un métier exigeant et passionnant 50% des étudiants européens de première année sont des étudiantes. Si elles optent en majorité pour les lettres et disciplines socio-économiques, leur présence est de plus en plus marquée dans les facultés scientifiques et techiniques. Mais ensuite Qu’advient-il de celles qui désirent s’investir dans^1 la recherche scientifique 《Les femmes estiment que la réussite en recherche scientifique n’est en rien liée au sexe et sont prêtes être jugées selon les mêmes critères objectifs que leurs collègues masculins. En échange, elles demandent se voir offrir^2 les mêmes possibilités de carrière et les mêmes sources de financement et bénéficier des mêmes privilèges que ceux dont jouissent les hommes aux différents stades de leur carrière》 écrivait Mary Osborn, professeur au Max Planck Institute de Gttingen (Allemagne), dans une lettre Nature^3, en 1992.
文摘This paper details the creation of a device capable of generating a powerful and consistent static magnetic field. This apparatus serves the purpose of quantifying the magnetostrictive strain found in materials like annealed cobalt ferrite and Terfenol-D, specifically those shaped as cylindrical rods. In our investigation, the use of static magnetic fields proves most advantageous. This choice is made to mitigate the generation of eddy currents, which would inevitably occur if the magnetic field intensity were varied. The fundamental idea behind this design involves employing a C-shaped iron core constructed from low-carbon mild steel. On this core, three coils are mounted, each capable of producing one-third of the required 9000 Oersted (Oe) magnetic field strength. The test specimen is situated within the “jaws” of the C-shaped core, thus completing the magnetic circuit. To manage the heat generated by each coil, a cooling system consisting of copper tubes is employed. These tubes facilitate the flow of air to dissipate the heat. To model and predict the magnetic field strength produced by the coils, finite element analysis (FEMM) software is utilized, and the results align closely with the anticipated outcomes. This design effectively generates a robust and unchanging magnetic field measuring a stable 9000 Oe in total. Consequently, this equipment finds utility in characterizing the magnetic properties of specific materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51175502)
文摘The test selection and optimization （TSO） can improve the abilities of fault diagnosis, prognosis and health-state evalua- tion for prognostics and health management （PHM） systems. Traditionally, TSO mainly focuses on fault detection and isolation, but they cannot provide an effective guide for the design for testability （DFT） to improve the PHM performance level. To solve the problem, a model of TSO for PHM systems is proposed. Firstly, through integrating the characteristics of fault severity and propa- gation time, and analyzing the test timing and sensitivity, a testability model based on failure evolution mechanism model （FEMM） for PHM systems is built up. This model describes the fault evolution- test dependency using the fault-symptom parameter matrix and symptom parameter-test matrix. Secondly, a novel method of in- herent testability analysis for PHM systems is developed based on the above information. Having completed the analysis, a TSO model, whose objective is to maximize fault trackability and mini- mize the test cost, is proposed through inherent testability analysis results, and an adaptive simulated annealing genetic algorithm （ASAGA） is introduced to solve the TSO problem. Finally, a case of a centrifugal pump system is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed models and methods. The results show that the proposed technology is important for PHM systems to select and optimize the test set in order to improve their performance level.
文摘Because its high efficiency, its simple stator and rotor structures, the low cost and high reliability, speed operation combined with robust and low cost construction, the switched reluctance machines have represented. In recent years, an interesting alternative to other machine types has been chosen for traction applications especially starter-generator. Their rotors do not generate significant heat, resulting in easy cooling. Their unidirectional flux and current may generate lower core losses and require a simple converter design. Moreover, the switched reluctance machines are known for their high reliability and capability of operating in four quadrants for a variable speed drive. Despite those merits, switched reluctance machine has not been extensively used until recently because of its problems of torque ripples and noise. Additionally, researchers have faced many difficulties to build a SRM model because it is inherently multivariable. It has strong coupling and especially a high nonlinearity. In this paper, we deal with many modeling methods. Numerical, analytical and intelligent approaches are studied. The important aim in this research is to use static results from FEMM simulation as flux-linkage, co-energy, static torque to form a dynamic model of a switched reluctance machine used next as a starter-generator of a hybrid vehicle.
文摘方形钕铁硼永磁铁是一种用于制作磁吸式陶瓷磁粉打印机内磁性打印版的磁性材料,因此有必要研究其磁场分布特征和磁力计算方法。先基于电磁场理论推导磁铁的磁力计算公式,再应用有限元法电磁学软件FEMM(Finite Element Method Magnetics)对其进行仿真分析,最后使用磁感应强度测量仪测量其磁感应强度。通过比较和分析计算、仿真和测量的结果,验证了理论计算和有限元仿真方法的有效性和可靠性,推导了方形钕铁硼永磁铁的表面磁感应强度随方形永磁铁尺寸变化的规律。
