Small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis in patients with deep corneal opacity:case series

AIM:To report the safety,efficacy,and accuracy of small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)or femtosecondassisted laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)for the correction of myopia or myopic astigmatism in patients with deep corneal opacity denoted by anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT).METHODS:Four patients with monocular corneal opacity(3 due to mechanical injury,1 due to a firecracker wound)were recruited and treated with refractive surgery(3 for SMILE,1 for FS-LASIK combined with limbal relaxing incision(LRI).Preoperative ocular manifestations,surgical details,postoperative visual outcomes,corneal opacity parameters,and corneal topography were analyzed.RESULTS:Preoperatively,spherical diopter ranged from-3.0 D to-4.75 D with cylinder ranging from-0.75 to-5.0 D,and corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA)ranging from 20/25 to 20/20.One eye’s corneal opacity was located in the central zone and three were in the mid-peripheral optical zone.Three patients underwent uneventful SMILE in both eyes,whilst one patient underwent FS-LASIK for high astigmatism in both eyes and LRI in the right eye.CDVA of the eye with corneal opacity ranged from 20/22to 20/20 one to six weeks postoperatively.Two patients achieved better CDVA and no patients lost Snellen lines.The postoperative diopter was within±0.75 D for all eyes.Significant edema existed above the corneal opacity in one eye and dissipated soon.No eccentric corneal topography or morphological anomaly of the corneal cap or flap was observed.CONCLUSION:The cases demonstrate that SMILE or FS-LASIK is safe and effective to treat myopic astigmatism combined with deep corneal opacity lesions after comprehensive preoperative evaluation and appropriate candidate selection.FS-LASIK combined with LRI is also sufficient for correcting high astigmatism due to corneal scarring.

Comparative study of functional optical zone:small incision lenticule extraction versus femtosecond laser assisted excimer laser keratomileusis

AIM:To investigate the size of functional optical zone(FOZ)after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)versus femtosecond laser assisted excimer laser keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)for myopia correction and potential associated factors for FOZ.METHODS:A total of 133 patients who received corneal refractive surgery in our hospital between November 2018 and July 2021 were retrospectively enrolled.There were 63 patients(123 eyes)in SMILE group and 70patients(139 eyes)in FS-LASIK group.The size of FOZ was measured using Pentacam 3-dementional anterior segment analyzer before and 3mo after surgery,so as to analyze postoperative achieved functional optical zone(AFOZ)and its contributing parameters.RESULTS:When planned functional optical zone(PFOZ)was 6.5 mm for both groups,AFOZ was 1.45±0.27 and 1.67±0.25 mm smaller than preoperative FOZ in SMILE group and FS-LASIK group 3mo after surgery.AFOZ in SMILE group was significantly larger than that in FS-LASIK group(P<0.001).Variation of FOZ was negatively correlated with preoperative spherical equivalent(SE)and positively correlated with variation of mean keratometry value(△Km),variation of spherical aberration(△SA),and variation of Q-value(△Q,all P<0.001)in both groups.Multiple variable linear regression equations were△FOZ=1.354-0.1×pre-SE+0.336×△Q+1.462×△SA in SMILE group and△FOZ=1.512+0.137×△Q+0.468×△SA in FS-LASIK group.CONCLUSION:AFOZ is significantly smaller than preoperative FOZ in both SMILE and FS-LASIK groups.With the same PFOZ,larger AFOZ is achieved in SMILE group than in FS-LASIK group.

Three-year results of small incision lenticule extraction and wavefront-guided femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis for correction of high myopia and myopic astigmatism

AIM： To compare and calculate the 3-year refractive results, higher-order aberrations （HOAs）, contrast sensitivity （CS） and dry eye parameters after small incision lenticule extraction （SMILE） and wavefront-guided femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis （FS-LASIK） for correction of high myopia and myopic astigmatism. METHODS： In this prospective, non-randomized comparative study, 78 eyes with spherical equivalent （SE） of -8.11±1.09 diopters （D） received a SMILE surgery, and 65 eyes with SE of -8.05±1.12 D received a wavefront-guided FS-LASIK surgery with the VisuMax femtosecond laser （Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany） for flap cutting. Visual acuity, manifest refraction, CS, HOAs, ocular surface disease index （OSDI） and tear break-up time （TBUT） were evaluated during a 3-year follow-up. RESULTS： The difference of uncorrected distance visual acuity （UDVA） postoperatively was achieved at lmo and at 3mo, whereas the difference of the mean UDVA between two groups at 3y were not statistically significant （t=-1.59, P=-0.13）. The postoperative change of SE was 0.89 D in the FS-LASIK group （t=5.76, P=0.00）, and 0.14 D in the SMILE group （t=-0.54, P=0.59） from lmo to 3y after surgery. At 3-year postoperatively, both HOAs and spherical aberrations in the SMILE group were obviously less than those in the FS-LASIK group （P=0.00）, but the coma root mean square （RMS） was higher in the SMILE group （0.59±0.26） than in the FS-LASIK group （0.29±0.14, P=0.00）. The mesopic CS values between two groups were not statistically significant at 3y postoperatively. Compared with the FS-LASIK group, lower OSDI scores and longer TBUT values were found in the SMILE group at Imo and 3mo postoperatively. With regard to safety, no eye lost any line of CDVA in both groups at 3y after surgery. CONCLUSION： Both SMILE and wavefront-guided FS- LASIK procedures provide good visual outcomes. Both procedures are effective and safe, but SMILE surgery achieve more stable long-term refractive outcome and better control of early postoperative dry eye as compared to FS-LASIK.

Dry eye and corneal sensitivity after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis:a Meta-analysis

AIM：To assess the corneal sensitivity and the incidences of dry eye after small incision lenticule extraction（SMILE） and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis（FSLASIK）.METHODS：The Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3.We searched on Pub Med from inception to March 2016.Summary weighted mean difference（WMD） and 95% confidence intervals（CIs） were used to analyze the datum.Random-effects or fixed-effects models were chosen up to between-study heterogeneity.The main outcomes were composed of the Ocular Surface Disease Index（OSDI） scores,tear film break-up time（TBUT）,Schirmer Test and corneal sensitivity.RESULTS：Eight eligible studies including 772 eyes（386 in SMILE group and 386 in FS-LASIK group） were identified.The parameters have no significiant difference heterogeneity between SMILE and FS-LASIK group preoperatively.There were significant differences between the two groups in OSDI scores at one and three months postoperatively,in TBUT at one and three months postoperatively,in corneal sensitivity at one week,about one month and three months postoperatively.However,there was no significant difference observed in Schirmer Test at the follow-up periods.CONCLUSION：Compare to FS-LASIK,dry eye and the corneal sensitivity recover better in the SMILE group,in first three months after the surgery.

Research Progress on Ocular Surface Changes after Femtosecond Laser Small IncisionLenticule Extraction

The femtosecond laser has a number of advantages,.such as short pulse time,.high instantaneous power,.high repetition rate, low monopulse energy, and small thermal effect. Femtosecond laser-assisted small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE) is becoming the new direction in refractive surgery,and the ocular surface changes after SMILE are attracting increasingly more attention. This article reviews adverse effects,including dry eye, injury of corneal nerves, and ocular surface inflammation,.occurring after SMILE.

Small-incision lenticule extraction versus femtosecond lenticule extraction for myopic:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

AIM： To examine differences in efficacy, accuracy, safety, aberrations and corneal biomechanical between Small incision lenticule extraction （SMILE） and femtosecond lenticule extraction （FLEx） for myopia. METHODS： Comprehensive studies were conducted on the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register before 31 July, 2015. Meta-analyses were performed on the primary outcomes [loss of ≥2 lines of corrected distance visual acuity （CDVA）, uncorrected distance visual acuity （UDVA） ≥20/20, spherical equivalent （SE） within ±0.50 diopters （D）, final refractive SE], secondary outcomes were high-order aberrations （HOAs） and corneal biomechanical [central corneal thickness （CCT）, corneal hysteresis （CH） and corneal resistance factor （CRF）]. RESULTS： Seven trials describing a total of 320 eyes with myopia were included in this Meta-analysis. No significant differences were found in the efficacy [UDVA weighted mean difference （WMD） -0.01; 95%CI： -0.04 to 0.01; P=0.37, UDVA ≥20/20, OR 1.49; 95%CI： 0.78 to 2.86; P=0.23], accuracy （SE WMD -0.03; 95%CI： -0.12 to 0.07; P=0.58 , SE within ±0.5 D OR 1.25; 95%CI： 0.34 to 4.65; P=0.74）, HOAs （WMD -0.04; 95%CI： -0.09 to 0.01; P=0.14） and CCT WMD 1.83; 95%CI： -7.07 to 10.72; P=0.69, CH WMD -0.01; 95%CI： -0.42 to 0.40; P=0.97, CRF WMD 0.17; 95%CI： -0.33 to 0.67; P=0.50） in the last fellow-up. But for safety, FLEx may achieve fewer CDVA lost two or more two lines （OR 11.11; 95%CI： 1.27 to 96.86; P=0.03） than SMILE, however CDVA （WMD 0.00; 95%CI： -0.03 to 0.02; P=0.77） is similar. CONCLUSION： SMILE and FLEx are comparable in terms of both efficacy, accuracy, aberrations and corneal biomechanical measures in the follow-up,but FLEx seems to be better in safety measures. The results should be interpreted cautiously since relevant evidence is still limited, although it is accumulating. Further large-scale, well-designed randomized controlled trials are urgently needed.

Applications of SMILE-extracted lenticules in ophthalmology

AIM:To review recent innovations,challenges,and applications of small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)extracted lenticule for treating ocular disorders.METHODS:A literature review was performed in the PubMed database,which was last updated on 30 December 2021.There was no limit regarding language.The authors evaluated the reference lists of the collected papers to find any relevant research.RESULTS:Due to the simplicity and accuracy of modern femtosecond lasers and the extensive development of SMILE surgery,many healthy human corneal stromal lenticules were extracted during surgery,motivating some professionals to investigate the SMILE lenticule reusability in different ocular disorders.In addition,new approaches had been developed to preserve,modify,and bioengineer the corneal stroma,leading to the optimal use of discarded byproducts such as lenticules from SMILE surgery.The lenticules can be effectively re-implanted into the autologous or allogenic corneas of human subjects to treat refractive errors,corneal ectasia,and corneal perforation and serve as a patch graft for glaucoma drainage devices with better cosmetic outcomes.CONCLUSION:SMILE-extracted lenticules could be a viable alternative to human donor corneal tissue.

SMILE和WG-FS-LASIK治疗低度无散光近视患者术后早期视觉质量比较

目的比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质内透镜取出术(SMILE)和波前像差引导的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(WG-FS-LASIK)治疗低度无散光近视患者术后的早期视觉质量。方法选择2022年3月至6月在广西壮族自治区人民医院视光中心行SMILE治疗的患者15例(30眼,SMILE组),行WG-FS-LASIK治疗的患者15例(30眼,WG-FS-LASIK组)。所有患者术前无散光且最佳矫正视力所需最低球镜度数均≤-3.00 D。于术前和术后1 d、1周、1个月测量视力、全眼像差(慧差、三叶草像差和球差)、客观散射指数(OSI)、调制传递函数截止频率(MTF_(cut-off))、斯特列尔比(SR)、可预测对比度视力(PVA)(包括PVA 100%、PVA 20%、PVA 9%)。比较两组观察指标测量结果。结果两组术后等效球镜、视力情况均较术前显著改善(P<0.05),但两组各时间点比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后OSI、SR、PVA 9%均较术前显著改善(P<0.05)。WG-FS-LASIK组在术后1 d、1周、1个月的OSI水平均显著低于SMILE组(P<0.05)。在术后1个月,WG-FS-LASIK组PVA 9%显著高于SMILE组(P<0.05)。SMILE组和WG-FS-LASIK组术后慧差均呈先上升后下降的趋势,但WG-FS-LASIK组变化幅度更小,在术后1 d、1周、1个月,WG-FS-LASIK组慧差小于SMILE组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论SMILE和WG-FS-LASIK均能提高低度无散光近视患者术后早期视觉质量,但WG-FS-LASIK早期视力恢复更好,且夜间视觉质量改善更优。

SMILE治疗近视患者效果及对角膜生物力学的影响

目的:探讨飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)治疗近视患者的效果及对角膜生物力学的影响。方法:回顾性研究。选择2020-01/2021-12在安阳市眼科医院拟行角膜屈光手术的近视患者120例240眼。根据手术治疗方式分为SMILE组64例128眼,经上皮准分子激光角膜切削术(TransPRK)组56例112眼。比较两组患者术后1、7 d,1、3、6 mo,1 a的裸眼视力、角膜生物力学、角膜内皮细胞数目、角膜后表面高度、角膜表面规则指数、手术并发症。结果:SMILE组患者术后1、7 d,1 mo裸眼视力均优于TransPRK组(均P<0.001),但两组术后3、6 mo,1 a均无差异(均P>0.05)。与术前相比,两组患者术后的角膜补偿眼压、模拟Goldmann眼压、角膜阻力因子、角膜滞后量呈先下降后升高趋势。SMILE组术后1、7 d,1 mo角膜补偿眼压、模拟Goldmann眼压、角膜阻力因子、角膜滞后量均高于TransPRK组(均P<0.05),但术后3、6 mo,1 a均无差异(均P>0.05)。手术前后两组患者角膜内皮细胞数目、角膜后表面高度均无差异(均P>0.05)。与术前相比,两组患者术后角膜表面规则指数呈先升高后降低趋势,但组间比较无差异(P>0.05)。两组患者术后并发症发生率比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论:相比TransPRK,SMILE对角膜生物力学的影响较小,早期视力恢复效果更好,两种手术的远期视力无差异,均有良好的安全性和有效性。

SMILE术后主导眼转变及对视觉质量的影响

目的:分析SMILE术后主导眼的转变情况及对视觉质量的影响。方法:前瞻性临床研究。选取2022-06/12在新疆医科大学第一附属医院行SMILE术矫正近视的患者140例280眼,根据术后3 mo内随访时卡洞法检查主导眼别转变情况分为转变组(46例92眼)和非转变组(94例188眼)。术前、术后1、3 mo,评估两组患者的裸眼视力(UCVA),采用屈光矫正者生活质量(QIRC)量表评估主观视觉质量,并检测全眼高阶像差评价客观视觉质量。结果:纳入患者SMILE术前主导眼为右眼105例,左眼35例,术后1 mo 46例患者主导眼发生转变,术后3 mo较术后1 mo无新发主导眼转变。术前、术后1、3 mo,转变组和非转变组患者UCVA、QIRC量表评分均无差异(P>0.05)。两组患者主导眼比较,术后3 mo转变组患者总高阶像差、球差显著高于非转变组(P=0.030、0.046);两组患者非主导眼比较,术后1 mo转变组患者三叶草像差显著高于非转变组(P=0.008)。术后1 mo,转变组患者双眼三叶草像差差值明显高于非转变组(P=0.022),余均无差异。结论:SMILE术后部分患者会发生主导眼的转变,但对主观视觉质量无显著影响,术后早期客观视觉质量下降可能是主导眼转变的相关因素。

不同程度近视患者行SMILE术后的有效光学区及角膜高阶像差比较

目的:比较低、中、高度近视患者行飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术(SMILE)后的有效光学区和角膜高阶像差。方法:收集2019-02/2021-02在我院行SMILE手术的患者134例,均取右眼入组,按等效球镜度(SE)分为低度近视组SE>-3.00 D,中度近视组-6.00 D<SE≤-3.00 D,高度近视组SE≤-6.00 D三组,分别于术前和术后1 mo行Pentacam检查,分析各组内手术前后角膜总高阶像差(tHOA)、球差、彗差有无差异,及术后三组间角膜总高阶像差、球差、彗差及有效光学区大小(EOZ)有无差异。结果:SMILE术后1 mo,三组术后有效光学区均小于预设光学区,随着屈光度数增加,有效光学区越小(P<0.05);术后1 mo角膜总高阶像差、球差、彗差均高于术前,除低近视度组球差术前与术后1 mo无差异(P>0.05),其余组别均有差异(P<0.05);角膜总高阶像差、球差和彗差随着屈光度数增加而增加,三组角膜总高阶像差和球差有差异(均P<0.05),高度近视组与中度近视组、低度近视组彗差结果均有差异(P<0.05),中度近视组与低度近视组彗差结果无差异(P>0.05)。结论:随着手术矫正的屈光度数增加,术后有效光学区减少越多,角膜高阶像差增加越明显;SMILE术后1 mo角膜高阶像差较术前增加。

SMILE和超薄瓣FS-LASIK矫正中度近视疗效比较

目的比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)和超薄瓣飞秒激光辅助准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS‐LASIK)矫正中度近视的临床疗效。方法回顾性病例对照研究。本研究纳入了年龄、性别和角膜厚度匹配合适的中度近视(等效球镜度-3.00~-6.00 D)患者,36例接受SMILE治疗患者的72只眼和36例接受超薄瓣FS‐LASIK治疗患者的72只眼。分别于术前及术后3个月记录所有患者的视力、屈光度及角膜高阶像差等变量,最后进行统计学分析以评估手术疗效。结果在术后随访3个月时,SMILE组和超薄瓣FS‐LASIK组疗效指数和安全指数比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.179和-0.255,P=0.242和0.800)。SMILE组和超薄瓣FS‐LASIK组术后屈光度呈正视并相对稳定,术后等效球镜度比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.206,P=0.837)。SMILE组和超薄瓣FS‐LASIK组患者的角膜后表面曲率和非球面因子Q值比较,差异无统计学意义(t=-1.852和0.576,P=0.066和0.566)。SMILE组和超薄瓣FS‐LASIK组患者术前的总高阶像差、球差及彗差与术后比较,差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。在术后3个月时,SMILE组患者的总高阶像差及球差明显低于超薄瓣FS‐LASIK组(均P<0.05)。结论SMILE和超薄瓣FS‐LASIK两种术式矫治中度近视均安全有效,但SMILE组患者的术后总高阶像差及球差增加量低于超薄瓣FS‐LASIK组。

SMILE术中应用十字定位法矫正低中度散光的临床效果

目的:采用Alpins矢量分析法评估飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)术中应用十字定位法矫正低中度散光的临床效果。方法:前瞻性随机对照研究。纳入2022-05/11在西安市第一医院激光近视治疗中心进行SMILE手术且散光度数≤1.50 D的低中度顺规散光患者50例81眼,依据随机表分为十字组患者25例41眼术中在进行标准SMILE程序之前术者根据十字交叉线调整患者头位,使患者双眼外眦与水平线对齐,眉心及鼻梁与垂直线对齐;未用十字定位法的对照组25例40眼。观察两组患者术后3 mo视力及屈光情况,采用Alpins矢量分析法对散光变化进行分析评估。结果:随访期间十字组失访6例11眼,对照组失访8例14眼。最终十字组纳入19例30眼,对照组纳入17例26眼。术后3 mo,两组患者术眼裸眼视力(UCVA)均≥1.0,均未出现严重并发症,两组间UCVA、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、球镜度及等效球镜度比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。十字组柱镜度数0.00(0.00,0.00)D小于对照组-0.13(-0.50,0.00)D(P=0.01)。矢量分析结果显示,十字组的矢量误差(DV)低于对照组[0.00(0.00,0.00)vs 0.13(0.00,0.50),P=0.01],成功指数(IOS)优于对照组[0.00(0.00,0.00)vs 0.18(0.00,0.77),P<0.01]。术后3 mo,十字组和对照组角度误差(AE)在±5°内的眼数分别为26眼(87%)、15眼(58%)。结论:SMILE术中应用十字定位法校准患者头位,减小了SMILE矫正低中度散光的轴位误差,提高SMILE矫正低中度散光的精确性。

SMILE与FS-LASIK治疗屈光性近视患者的效果比较

目的:比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)与飞秒激光辅助准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)治疗屈光性近视患者的效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年6月至2023年7月该院收治的106例屈光性近视患者的临床资料,按照手术方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各53例。对照组采用FS-LASIK治疗,观察组采用SMILE治疗。比较两组临床疗效,手术前后眼科指标(裸眼视力、眼压)水平、等效球镜度数,以及并发症发生率。结果:两组治疗总有效率和并发症发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后7 d、1个月,两组眼压水平均低于术前,但观察组术后7 d高于对照组,两组裸眼视力水平均高于术前,且观察组术后7 d高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3、7 d,两组等效球镜度数均低于术前,且术后3 d观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:SMILE治疗屈光性近视患者可改善术后早期眼压、裸眼视力、等效球镜度数,效果优于FS-LASIK治疗,但二者治疗总有效率和并发症发生率相当。

SMILE与FS-LASIK治疗高度近视散光患者5年疗效对比

目的比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)与飞秒激光辅助准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)治疗高度近视散光患者5年的临床疗效。方法前瞻性非随机对照研究。根据所接受的手术方式不同患者被分为SMILE组和FS-LASIK组,术后随访5年,对比分析两组患者裸眼远视力(UDVA)、最佳矫正远视力(BCDVA)、等效球镜度(SE)、散光、总高阶像差(HOAs)、球差、彗差、泪液分泌功能、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)和眼表疾病指数量表(OSDI)评分。采用重复测量资料的方差分析进行统计学分析,采用LSD-t检验进行两两比较,采用独立样本t检验进行组间分析。结果2组患者相比,术后UDVA、SE、HOAs、球差、彗差、泪液分泌试验、TBUT、OSDI评分差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),但BCDVA、散光的差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。SMILE组患者术后1个月的SE低于FS-LASIK组,而术后1~5年的SE均高于FS-LASIK组(均为P<0.05)。SMILE组患者术后3~6个月、3~5年的HOAs均较FS-LASIK组更低(均为P<0.05)。SMILE组患者术后3~5年的球差绝对值均明显低于FS-LASIK组(均为P<0.05);SMILE组患者术后1个月、1~5年的彗差均高于FS-LASIK组(均为P<0.05)。SMILE组患者术后1~6个月的TBUT均明显长于FS-LASIK组(均为P<0.05)。结论SMILE和FS-LASIK均安全有效,但SMILE在长期稳定性方面具有优势。SMILE引入较少的HOAs和球差,但引入较多的彗差。SMILE患者术后干眼症状持续时间更短,恢复更快。

SMILE治疗高度近视术后疗效研究进展

飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)的基本原理是利用飞秒激光在角膜基质内精确切割并制作一个透镜,再通过小切口机械分离后取出透镜,是目前比较流行的一种用以矫正近视、散光等屈光不正的手术方式。该文就以SMILE治疗高度近视术后视力、视觉质量、角膜高阶像差、角膜生物力学特性、角膜后表面高度等方面的疗效进行综述。

SMILE术矫治中高度近视的疗效及对其角膜形态的影响

目的探讨飞秒激光微小切口角膜基质透镜切除术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)矫治中高度近视的疗效及对其角膜形态的影响。方法选择2021年1月—2022年12月于肇庆市第一人民医院行手术矫治的80例中高度近视患者为研究对象,依据不同的手术矫治方式将患者分为研究组与对照组,各40例。研究组应用SMILE术,对照组应用飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(femtosecond assisted laser in situ keratomileusis,FS-LASIK)。对比两组最佳矫正视力、角膜非球面Q值、角膜曲率、角膜表面规则指数。结果与术前比较,两组术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月的最佳矫正视力明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组术后3个月、6个月角膜非球面Q值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月的角膜曲率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月的角膜表面规则指数高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中高度近视患者应用SMILE术矫治的疗效与FS-LASIK术相当,且对角膜非球面Q值、角膜曲率的影响更小,有助于提高角膜表面规则指数。

信息化个案管理在飞秒激光SMILE高度近视患者术后延续护理中的效果

目的:探讨信息化个案管理在飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)高度近视患者术后延续护理中的效果。方法:选取2022年1月至2022年12月深圳市眼科医院收治的86例进行飞秒激光SMILE的高度近视患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各43例。对照组患者采取常规延续护理模式,观察组患者在常规延续护理模式基础上应用信息化个案管理。比较两组患者焦虑、抑郁情况、自我护理能力、护理满意度。结果:随访1个月后,观察组患者焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分低于对照组,自我护理能力量表(ESCA)评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访1个月后,观察组患者护理满意度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:信息化个案管理可对飞秒激光SMILE高度近视患者术后进行精准化延续护理服务,促进患者术后的眼部健康和心理健康,从而改善患者的预后。

SMILE与FS-LASIK术后角膜光密度的变化研究

目的:比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)与飞秒激光辅助制瓣的准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术(FS-LASIK)术后角膜光密度的变化,探讨SMILE术后角膜界面混浊对视觉的影响。方法:前瞻性队列研究。选取2020-05/2021-10在南通大学附属医院眼科屈光手术中心拟行角膜屈光手术的患者93例186眼,其中SMILE组48例96眼,FS-LASIK组45例90眼,观察两组患者术前和术后1d,1wk,1、3、6mo时角膜光密度、等效球镜、裸眼视力(UCVA)的变化。结果:纳入93例患者均顺利完成手术,术中及术后均未出现相关并发症,无失访病例。FS-LASIK组在术后1d,1wk UCVA分别为0.044±0.064和-0.001±0.065优于SMILE组(0.102±0.077和0.023±0.064)(均P<0.05)。两组间术后各随访时间的等效球镜均无差异(P>0.05)。FS-LASIK组术后1d在距角膜顶点0~2、2~6mm的角膜光密度及总角膜光密度分别为18.0(17.5,18.6)、16.2(15.6,16.7)、16.7(16.1,17.3),均低于SMILE组[18.6(18.1,19.3)、16.8(16.4,17.4)、17.2(16.6,17.8)](均P<0.05);FS-LASIK组术后1wk在距角膜顶点0~2、2~6mm处的角膜光密度及总角膜光密度分别为17.2(16.7,17.6)、15.5(15.0,15.9)、15.9(15.3,16.7),均低于SMILE组[17.6(17.1,18.3)、16.0(15.6,16.5)、16.6(15.9,17.1)](均P<0.05)。结论:SMILE术后出现的一过性界面混浊是导致其早期角膜光密度高于FS-LASIK的原因,界面混浊的出现或是视觉质量的影响因素。

Femtosecond laser corneal refractive surgery for the correction of high myopic anisometropic amblyopia in juveniles

AIM： To evaluate the effects of femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis（FS-LASIK） and small-incision lenticule extraction（SMILE） to correct high myopic anisometropic amblyopia in juvenile patients. METHODS： From November 2013 to January 2015, 33 amblyopic patients with high myopic anisometropic amblyopia were studied. FS-LASIK（30 eyes） or SMILE（3 eyes） was performed in the amblyopic eyes. Visual acuity, refraction, contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity and complications were evaluated. Patients completed followup examinations at 3 d, 1 mo, 3 mo and the last follow-up time（mean 8.17±3.23 mo） after surgery. RESULTS： The mean age at surgery was 9.04±3.04 y（range 6-16 y）. The mean spherical equivalent in the amblyopic eyes was significantly decreased from-10.00±2.39 D preoperatively to-0.06±1.06 D at 1 mo,-0.19±1.33 D at 3 mo and-0.60±1.43 D at approximately 8 mo postoperatively（P〈0.05 for all）. The mean myopic anisometropia was significantly decreased from-9.45±2.33 D preoperatively to ＋0.37±1.48 D at 1 mo,-0.46±1.47 D at 3 mo and-0.09±1.83 D at approximately 8 mo（P〈0.05 for all）. The logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution（log MAR） for uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity（UDVA and CDVA, respectively） of the amblyopic eye improved from 1.74±0.35 and 0.98±0.63 preoperatively to 0.45±0.31 and 0.41±0.33 at approximately 8 mo after surgery, respectively. The logM AR CDVA at 3 d, 1, 3 and 8 mo postoperatively improved by means of 1.42, 2.22, 2.96, and 4.39 lines, and a gain of more than two lines accounted for 45%, 50%, 74% and 86% of all patients, respectively. The contrast sensitivity of both amblyopic eyes and dominant eyes at 0.5, 2, 8 cycles perdegree was significantly improved postoperatively（P〈0.05 for all）. Of the 33 pediatric patients, no patients had near stereopsis preoperatively and seven patients（21.2%） recovered near stereopsis（400″ to 60″） at approximately 8 mo after surgery. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred in any patient.CONCLUSION： FS-LASIK or SMILE can be promising alternative methods to correct high myopic anisometropic amblyopia in juvenile patients who have failed with traditional approaches.