Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is the most common inflammatory arthritis and a major cause of disability. Presently, the clinical therapeutic medicines for inflammatory and arthritic diseases are unsatisfactory due to se...Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is the most common inflammatory arthritis and a major cause of disability. Presently, the clinical therapeutic medicines for inflammatory and arthritic diseases are unsatisfactory due to severe adverse effects or ineffectiveness. The Guge Fengtong formula （GGFT）, containing the standardized extracts of Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma, Spatholobi Caulis, and Zingiberis Rhizoma, has long been used for RA treatment in China. However, the detailed anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of GGFT has not been reported so far. In the present work, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of GGFT using three in vivo animal models and tried to uncover the underlying mechanism of action in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The obtained results indicated that GGFT significantly attenuated ear edema, decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema, reduced the ar- thritis score, and reversed the weight loss of the complete Freund＇s adjuvant （CFA）-injected rats. Additionally, decrease in synovial inflammatory infiltration and synovial lining hyperplasia in the joints and decline of inflammatory factors （TNF-α and IL-1β） in the serum were observed in the GGFT-treated rats. In lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 macrophages, GGFT reduced the produc- tion of NO, PGE2, and IL-6 and inhibited the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and NF-kB. Our results demonstrated that GGFT possessed considerable anti-inflammatory activity and had potential therapeutic effects on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats, providing experi- mental evidences for its application in the treatment of RA and other inflammatory diseases.展开更多
The present study was designed to characterize the chemical constituents of Guge Fengtong Tablet(GGFTT).Based on the chromatographic retention behavior,fragmentation pathways of chemical components and the published l...The present study was designed to characterize the chemical constituents of Guge Fengtong Tablet(GGFTT).Based on the chromatographic retention behavior,fragmentation pathways of chemical components and the published literatures,a diagnostic ion filtering strategy with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS) was established to identify the multiple bioactive constituents of GGFTT.The rapid identification of forty-seven components,including 18 phenolic acids,8 saponins,14 gingerol-related compounds,and 7 diarylhepatonoids,was accomplished using this newly developed method.The coupling of HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS with the diagnostic ion filtering strategy was useful and efficient for the in-depth structural elucidation of chemical compounds of GGFTT.展开更多
In the present study, we developed and validated a rapid analytical method using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-Q-TOF/MS) to investigate the metabo...In the present study, we developed and validated a rapid analytical method using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-Q-TOF/MS) to investigate the metabolic profile of Guge Fengtong tablet(GGFTT), a traditional Chinese medicine. The urine and bile samples were collected with 24 h after oral administration of GGFTT. A total of 34 compounds, including 11 parent compounds and 23 metabolites were unambiguously or tentatively identified. Our results indicated that glucuronidation, oxidation and methylation were the major metabolic pathways of the constituents in GGFTT. In addition, the results of this work also demonstrated the feasibility of HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS for reliable characterization of the in vivo metabolites from herbal preparations.展开更多
Multi-components in herbal formulae exert holistic effects in synergistic or additive manners. However, appropriate strategies and supportive evidences are still lacking to uncover the synergistic or additive combinat...Multi-components in herbal formulae exert holistic effects in synergistic or additive manners. However, appropriate strategies and supportive evidences are still lacking to uncover the synergistic or additive combinations. The present investigation aimed at seeking a screening strategy to identify the targeted combinations in GuG e FengT ong Tablet(GGFTT), an herbal formula. Two compounds, belonging to different chemical classes, were combined with different concentration ratios and their anti-inflammation effects were investigated. The most significant anti-inflammatory combinations were evaluated by combination index(CI) method(additive effect, CI = 1; synergism, CI < 1; antagonism, CI > 1). The modulating effects of candidate combinations on pro-inflammatory cytokines and MAPKs signaling pathway were also detected. Two combinations, "biochanin A + 6-gingerol"(Bio-6 G) and "genistein + 6-gingerol"(Gen-6 G), showed synergistic effects(CI < 1), and Bio-6 G was selected for further study. Compared with single compound, Bio-6 G could synergistically inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and the activation of MAPKs signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The combined results showed that Bio-6 G was a synergistic anti-inflammatory combination in GGFTT. Our results could provide a useful strategy to screen the synergistic combinations in herbal formulae.展开更多
灵山横州话与北京话音系有较大的差异。声母方面,灵山横州话有声母[ η ],没有声母[t■ t■h ■■],声母[f t th ]为二者所共有,但与韵母的拼读情况不一致。韵母方面,灵山横州话比北京话多了12个韵母。灵山横州话没有舌尖元...灵山横州话与北京话音系有较大的差异。声母方面,灵山横州话有声母[ η ],没有声母[t■ t■h ■■],声母[f t th ]为二者所共有,但与韵母的拼读情况不一致。韵母方面,灵山横州话比北京话多了12个韵母。灵山横州话没有舌尖元音韵母[ ]和卷舌元音韵母[],有丰富的带辅音尾[m n η P t k]的韵母和声化韵母[■■],[ou]为二者所共有韵母,但所辖的字不同。从调类来看,灵山横州话有阴平、阳平、阴上、阳上、阴去、阳去、上阴入、下阴入、上阳入、下阳入十个调类,比北京话复杂。展开更多
目的建立骨骼风痛片中鸡血藤的高效液相特征图谱分析方法。方法采用HPLC-UV法,以芒柄花素为参照物,采用色谱柱GraceSmart RP 18(5μm,4.6mm×250mm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸(34:66)为流动相,柱温40℃,流速0.8 mL/min。结果鸡血藤有6个共有...目的建立骨骼风痛片中鸡血藤的高效液相特征图谱分析方法。方法采用HPLC-UV法,以芒柄花素为参照物,采用色谱柱GraceSmart RP 18(5μm,4.6mm×250mm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸(34:66)为流动相,柱温40℃,流速0.8 mL/min。结果鸡血藤有6个共有峰,10批不同来源的鸡血藤药材相似度在90%以上,确定了骨骼风痛片成品中3个特征峰归属于鸡血藤。结论该方法简便、快速,可为骨骼风痛片的质量提供更为科学、准确的控制。展开更多
基金supported by the Project in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period(No.2012BAI29B07)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81202898)
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is the most common inflammatory arthritis and a major cause of disability. Presently, the clinical therapeutic medicines for inflammatory and arthritic diseases are unsatisfactory due to severe adverse effects or ineffectiveness. The Guge Fengtong formula （GGFT）, containing the standardized extracts of Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma, Spatholobi Caulis, and Zingiberis Rhizoma, has long been used for RA treatment in China. However, the detailed anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of GGFT has not been reported so far. In the present work, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of GGFT using three in vivo animal models and tried to uncover the underlying mechanism of action in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The obtained results indicated that GGFT significantly attenuated ear edema, decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema, reduced the ar- thritis score, and reversed the weight loss of the complete Freund＇s adjuvant （CFA）-injected rats. Additionally, decrease in synovial inflammatory infiltration and synovial lining hyperplasia in the joints and decline of inflammatory factors （TNF-α and IL-1β） in the serum were observed in the GGFT-treated rats. In lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 macrophages, GGFT reduced the produc- tion of NO, PGE2, and IL-6 and inhibited the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and NF-kB. Our results demonstrated that GGFT possessed considerable anti-inflammatory activity and had potential therapeutic effects on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats, providing experi- mental evidences for its application in the treatment of RA and other inflammatory diseases.
基金supported by a project of the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period(No.2012BAI29B07)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81202898)
文摘The present study was designed to characterize the chemical constituents of Guge Fengtong Tablet(GGFTT).Based on the chromatographic retention behavior,fragmentation pathways of chemical components and the published literatures,a diagnostic ion filtering strategy with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS) was established to identify the multiple bioactive constituents of GGFTT.The rapid identification of forty-seven components,including 18 phenolic acids,8 saponins,14 gingerol-related compounds,and 7 diarylhepatonoids,was accomplished using this newly developed method.The coupling of HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS with the diagnostic ion filtering strategy was useful and efficient for the in-depth structural elucidation of chemical compounds of GGFTT.
基金supported by National Science&Technology Pillar Program During the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period(2012BAI29B07)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81202898)
文摘In the present study, we developed and validated a rapid analytical method using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-Q-TOF/MS) to investigate the metabolic profile of Guge Fengtong tablet(GGFTT), a traditional Chinese medicine. The urine and bile samples were collected with 24 h after oral administration of GGFTT. A total of 34 compounds, including 11 parent compounds and 23 metabolites were unambiguously or tentatively identified. Our results indicated that glucuronidation, oxidation and methylation were the major metabolic pathways of the constituents in GGFTT. In addition, the results of this work also demonstrated the feasibility of HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS for reliable characterization of the in vivo metabolites from herbal preparations.
基金supported by a project in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period(No.2012BAI29B07)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81202898 and 81473343)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Multi-components in herbal formulae exert holistic effects in synergistic or additive manners. However, appropriate strategies and supportive evidences are still lacking to uncover the synergistic or additive combinations. The present investigation aimed at seeking a screening strategy to identify the targeted combinations in GuG e FengT ong Tablet(GGFTT), an herbal formula. Two compounds, belonging to different chemical classes, were combined with different concentration ratios and their anti-inflammation effects were investigated. The most significant anti-inflammatory combinations were evaluated by combination index(CI) method(additive effect, CI = 1; synergism, CI < 1; antagonism, CI > 1). The modulating effects of candidate combinations on pro-inflammatory cytokines and MAPKs signaling pathway were also detected. Two combinations, "biochanin A + 6-gingerol"(Bio-6 G) and "genistein + 6-gingerol"(Gen-6 G), showed synergistic effects(CI < 1), and Bio-6 G was selected for further study. Compared with single compound, Bio-6 G could synergistically inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and the activation of MAPKs signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The combined results showed that Bio-6 G was a synergistic anti-inflammatory combination in GGFTT. Our results could provide a useful strategy to screen the synergistic combinations in herbal formulae.
文摘灵山横州话与北京话音系有较大的差异。声母方面,灵山横州话有声母[ η ],没有声母[t■ t■h ■■],声母[f t th ]为二者所共有,但与韵母的拼读情况不一致。韵母方面,灵山横州话比北京话多了12个韵母。灵山横州话没有舌尖元音韵母[ ]和卷舌元音韵母[],有丰富的带辅音尾[m n η P t k]的韵母和声化韵母[■■],[ou]为二者所共有韵母,但所辖的字不同。从调类来看,灵山横州话有阴平、阳平、阴上、阳上、阴去、阳去、上阴入、下阴入、上阳入、下阳入十个调类,比北京话复杂。
文摘目的建立骨骼风痛片中鸡血藤的高效液相特征图谱分析方法。方法采用HPLC-UV法,以芒柄花素为参照物,采用色谱柱GraceSmart RP 18(5μm,4.6mm×250mm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸(34:66)为流动相,柱温40℃,流速0.8 mL/min。结果鸡血藤有6个共有峰,10批不同来源的鸡血藤药材相似度在90%以上,确定了骨骼风痛片成品中3个特征峰归属于鸡血藤。结论该方法简便、快速,可为骨骼风痛片的质量提供更为科学、准确的控制。
