Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl is a selective grass herbicide that if registered will provide winter wheat growers with an additional weed control option. Field experiments were established in the fall of 2011, 2012 and 2013 at R...Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl is a selective grass herbicide that if registered will provide winter wheat growers with an additional weed control option. Field experiments were established in the fall of 2011, 2012 and 2013 at Ridgetown and Exeter, Ontario, to determine the sensitivity of four market classes of winter wheat [Soft white winter wheat (SWWW), soft red winter wheat (SRWW), hard white winter wheat (HWWW) and hard red winter wheat (HRWW)] to 1X and 2X fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener at early-(EPOST) or late-post emergence (LPOST) application timings. Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener applied LPOST at 1X and 2X the manufacturer’s proposed label rate caused 4% and 5% injury 1 week after application (WAA), respectively. The injury observed was transient with 1% injury 2 WAA. Winter wheat height ranged from 91 to 95, 76 to 77, 76 to 79 and 90 to 93 cm while grain yield was 6.2 to 6.4, 6.1 to 7.1, 5.5 to 5.8 and 5.6 to 6.2 t?ha?1 for SWWW, SRWW, HRWW and HRWW, respectively. Exeter sites were not affected by fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/ safener treatment. At Ridgetown and Exeter, no market class-specific response was identified for the cultivars evaluated. Based on this study, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener has the potential to cause only minor and transient injury in winter wheat that will not decrease yield. Furthermore, this research supports the registration of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener for spring POST application in winter wheat in Ontario.展开更多
为明确麦田野燕麦对精噁唑禾草灵的抗药性水平及抗性种群的靶标抗性机制,采用整株生物测定法对河南省不同地区的30个野燕麦种群的敏感性水平进行测定,同时对抗性野燕麦种群的靶标ACCase基因片段进行扩增和测序。最终研究表明:供试种群中...为明确麦田野燕麦对精噁唑禾草灵的抗药性水平及抗性种群的靶标抗性机制,采用整株生物测定法对河南省不同地区的30个野燕麦种群的敏感性水平进行测定,同时对抗性野燕麦种群的靶标ACCase基因片段进行扩增和测序。最终研究表明:供试种群中有5个对精噁唑禾草灵产生了高水平抗性,11个产生了中等水平抗性,11个产生了低水平抗性,3个为敏感种群。其中抗药性最高的种群是HZXH,用整株生物法测定后,精噁唑禾草灵对该种群的有效抑制中剂量(ED 50)值为143.66 g a.i./hm^(2),相对抗性倍数为21.31。河南省不同地区的野燕麦种群对精噁唑禾草灵的敏感度不同,表明这些地区野燕麦对精噁唑禾草灵产生了不同程度的抗药性。对5个高水平抗性种群HLWY、HZXP、HZXH、HXGT、ZMSX和1个敏感种群HXZC进行靶标基因序列检测,均未发现与之前报道的6个ACCase特定位点的突变,野燕麦的抗药性机制有待继续研究。展开更多
The study aim was to explore the optimal dose and application time of pinoxaden in the control of Phalaris arundinacea in barley field. In the plot experi- ments, four doses (from 900 to 2 400 ml/hm^2) of pinoxaden ...The study aim was to explore the optimal dose and application time of pinoxaden in the control of Phalaris arundinacea in barley field. In the plot experi- ments, four doses (from 900 to 2 400 ml/hm^2) of pinoxaden (50 g/L) EC was ap- plied for the control of P. arundinacea in barley field. The optimal application time of pinoxaden was 3-4 leaf stage of P. arundinacea and 4-5 leaf stage of barley. In this stage of P. arundinacea, the efficacy of four doses was all more than 97%. The 50 g/l pinoxaden exhibited excellent efficacy to P. arundinacea, and the efficacy was better than that of the 69 g/L fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and manual weeding. In 4-5 leaf stage of barley and 3-4 leaf stage of P. arundinacea, when the pinoxaden was applied at the dose from 900 to 1 200 ml/hm^2, the efficacy for controlling P. arundi- nacea could be more than 97%. There was no harmful effect to other arthropods in field, and it was safe to barley. ds展开更多
文摘Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl is a selective grass herbicide that if registered will provide winter wheat growers with an additional weed control option. Field experiments were established in the fall of 2011, 2012 and 2013 at Ridgetown and Exeter, Ontario, to determine the sensitivity of four market classes of winter wheat [Soft white winter wheat (SWWW), soft red winter wheat (SRWW), hard white winter wheat (HWWW) and hard red winter wheat (HRWW)] to 1X and 2X fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener at early-(EPOST) or late-post emergence (LPOST) application timings. Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener applied LPOST at 1X and 2X the manufacturer’s proposed label rate caused 4% and 5% injury 1 week after application (WAA), respectively. The injury observed was transient with 1% injury 2 WAA. Winter wheat height ranged from 91 to 95, 76 to 77, 76 to 79 and 90 to 93 cm while grain yield was 6.2 to 6.4, 6.1 to 7.1, 5.5 to 5.8 and 5.6 to 6.2 t?ha?1 for SWWW, SRWW, HRWW and HRWW, respectively. Exeter sites were not affected by fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/ safener treatment. At Ridgetown and Exeter, no market class-specific response was identified for the cultivars evaluated. Based on this study, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener has the potential to cause only minor and transient injury in winter wheat that will not decrease yield. Furthermore, this research supports the registration of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener for spring POST application in winter wheat in Ontario.
文摘为明确麦田野燕麦对精噁唑禾草灵的抗药性水平及抗性种群的靶标抗性机制,采用整株生物测定法对河南省不同地区的30个野燕麦种群的敏感性水平进行测定,同时对抗性野燕麦种群的靶标ACCase基因片段进行扩增和测序。最终研究表明:供试种群中有5个对精噁唑禾草灵产生了高水平抗性,11个产生了中等水平抗性,11个产生了低水平抗性,3个为敏感种群。其中抗药性最高的种群是HZXH,用整株生物法测定后,精噁唑禾草灵对该种群的有效抑制中剂量(ED 50)值为143.66 g a.i./hm^(2),相对抗性倍数为21.31。河南省不同地区的野燕麦种群对精噁唑禾草灵的敏感度不同,表明这些地区野燕麦对精噁唑禾草灵产生了不同程度的抗药性。对5个高水平抗性种群HLWY、HZXP、HZXH、HXGT、ZMSX和1个敏感种群HXZC进行靶标基因序列检测,均未发现与之前报道的6个ACCase特定位点的突变,野燕麦的抗药性机制有待继续研究。
文摘The study aim was to explore the optimal dose and application time of pinoxaden in the control of Phalaris arundinacea in barley field. In the plot experi- ments, four doses (from 900 to 2 400 ml/hm^2) of pinoxaden (50 g/L) EC was ap- plied for the control of P. arundinacea in barley field. The optimal application time of pinoxaden was 3-4 leaf stage of P. arundinacea and 4-5 leaf stage of barley. In this stage of P. arundinacea, the efficacy of four doses was all more than 97%. The 50 g/l pinoxaden exhibited excellent efficacy to P. arundinacea, and the efficacy was better than that of the 69 g/L fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and manual weeding. In 4-5 leaf stage of barley and 3-4 leaf stage of P. arundinacea, when the pinoxaden was applied at the dose from 900 to 1 200 ml/hm^2, the efficacy for controlling P. arundi- nacea could be more than 97%. There was no harmful effect to other arthropods in field, and it was safe to barley. ds