Characteristic of Fresh and Harden Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibre Reinforced Alkali Activated Composite

Fibre can enhance the mechanical properties of cement-based composites,but fibre also degrades their workability.However,the quantitative effects of fiber content and length-diameter ratio on alkali-activated materials are still unclear.Various aspect ratio,volume fraction of polyvinyl alcohol fibre(PVAF),and various water-binder ratio were employed to prepare a total of 26 groups of fibre reinforced alkali-activated composite(FRAAC).The influence of PVAF fibre factor(product of fiber volume fraction and length-diameter ratio)on flowability,compactness,strength,and crack fractal dimension of FRAAC was researched.The influence of water-binder ratio on the plastic viscosity of FRAAC was more significant than that on the yield stress.When fibre factor was lower than critical value of 150,the influence of fibres could be overlooked.The reason was that the space between fibres was distant,so the flowability of FRAAC was not impacted by PVAF.At this time,fibres were challenging to restrict the cracks in matrix and increase their mechanical properties.When fibre factor was higher than critical value 150 and lower than density packing value 450,the flexural strength,compressive strength and crack fractal dimension of FRAAC were considerably enhanced,and the FRAAC could still flow easily under dead weight.When fibre factor were above 450,noteworthy fibre balling considerably decreased the flowability,leading to poor solidity and reduced compressive strength.Hence,the ideal content of PVAF in alkali activated composite is between 150/(l/d)and 450/(l/d).

Material Selection of a Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites using an Analytical Approach

Material selection has become a critical part of design for engineers,due to availability of diverse choice of materials that have similar properties and meet the product design specification.Implementation of statistical analysis alone makes it difficult to identify the ideal composition of the final composite.An integrated approach between statistical model and micromechanical model is desired.In this paper,resultant natural fibre and polymer matrix from previous study is used to estimate the mechanical properties such as density,Young’s modulus and tensile strength.Four levels of fibre loading are used to compare the optimum natural fibre reinforced polymer composite(NFRPC).The result from this analytical approach revealed that kenaf/polystyrene(PS)with 40%fibre loading is the ideal composite in automotive component application.It was found that the ideal composite score is 1.156 g/cm^(3),24.2 GPa and 413.4 MPa for density,Young’s modulus and tensile strength,respectively.A suggestion to increase the properties on Young’s modulus are also presented.This work proves that the statistical model is well incorporated with the analytical approach to choose the correct composite to use in automotive application.

SOLUTION OF DIFFERENT HOLES SHAPE BORDERS OF FIBRE REINFORCED COMPOSITE PLATES BY INTEGRAL EQUATIONS

Accurate boundary conditions of composite material plates with different holes are founded to settle boundary condition problems of complex holes by conformal mapping method upon the nonhomogeneous anisotropic elastic and complex function theory. And then the two stress functions required were founded on Cauchy integral by boundary conditions. The final stress distributions of opening structure and the analytical solution on composite material plate with rectangle hole and wing manholes were achieved. The influences on hole-edge stress concentration factors are discussed under different loads and fiber direction cases, and then contrast calculates are carried through FEM.

POST- MICROBUCKLING OF FIBRE BRIDGING KINK BANDS UNDER COMPRESSION

Surface originated kink bands consist of an important failure mode for fibre-reinforced compo- sites under compression. The mechanical behavior of the fibre bridging kink bands is explored herein in the context of the post-microbuckling theory. Expressions of bridging force are obtained for the entire postbuckling process of the fibres exhibiting weak or strong hardening. The postbuckling formulation of the fibres is applied to yield the toughness increment due to the advancing kink bands, and consequently leads to a quantitative pre- diction on the overall compressive stress strain curves of the fibre-reinforced composites.

Tribological behaviour of fused deposition modelling printed short carbon fibre reinforced nylon composites with surface textures under dry and water lubricated conditions

Fused deposition modelling(FDM)printed short carbon fibre reinforced nylon(SCFRN)composites were fabricated.The friction and wear behaviour of printed materials were systematically investigated under both dry sliding and water lubricated conditions.The results showed that with short fibre enhancements,the printed SCFRN achieved a lower friction coefficient and higher wear resistance than nylon under all tested conditions.Further,under water lubricated conditions,the printed SCFRN exhibited a low,stable friction coefficient due to the cooling and lubricating effects of water.However,the specific wear rate of the printed specimens could be higher than that obtained under dry sliding conditions,especially when the load was relatively low.The square textured surface was designed and created in the printing process to improve materials’tribological performance.It was found that with the textured surface,the wear resistance of the printed SCFRN was improved under dry sliding conditions,which could be explained by the debris collection or cleaning effect of surface texture.However,such a cleaning effect was less noticeable under lubricated conditions,as the liquid could clean the surface effectively.On the other hand,surface textures could increase the surface area exposed to water,causing surface softening due to the higher water absorption rate.As a result,the samples having surface textures showed higher wear rates under lubricated conditions.The work has provided new insights into designing wear resistant polymer materials using three-dimensional(3D)printing technologies,subjected to different sliding conditions.

Influence of voids on interlaminar shear strength of carbon/epoxy fabric laminates

The effects of voids(void content,void shape and size)on the interlaminar shear strength of[(±45)_(4)/(0,90)/(±45)_(2)]_(S) and [(±45)/0_(4)/(0,90)/0_(2)]_(S) composite laminates were investigated.Specimens with void contents in the range of 0.2%-8.0%for [(±45)_(4)/(0,90)/(±45)_(2)]_(S) and 0.2%-6.1%for[(±45)/0_(4)/(0,90)/0_(2)]_(S) were fabricated from carbon/epoxy fabric through varying autoclave pressures.The characteristics of the voids were studied by using optical image analysis to explain the interlaminar shear strength results.The influences of voids on the interlaminar shear strength of the two stacking sequences were compared in terms of the void content and size and shape of the void.The effect of voids on the initiation and propagation of interlaminar failure of both stacking sequence composites was found.

Civil and structural engineering applications,recent trends,research and developments on pultruded fiber reinforced polymer closed sections:a review

The objectives of this study are to review and evaluate the developments and applications of pultruded fiber-reinforced polymer composites in civil and structural engineering and review advances in research and developments.Several case applications are reviewed.The paper presents a state-of-the-art review of fundamental research on the behavior of pultruded fiber reinforced polymer closed sections and highlights gaps in knowledge and areas of potential further research.