IOT Assisted Biomedical Monitoring Sensors for Healthcare in Human

The Internet of Things(IoT)is a concept that refers to the deployment of Internet Protocol(IP)address sensors in health care systems to monitor patients’health.It has the ability to access the Internet and collect data from sensors.Automated decisions are made after evaluating the information of illness people records.Patients’health and well-being can be monitored through IoT medical devices.It is possible to trace the origins of biological,medical equipment and processes.Human reliability is a major concern in user activity and fitness trackers in day-to-day activities.The fundamental challenge is to measure the efficiency of the human system accurately.Aim to maintain tabs on the well-being of humans;this paper recommends the use of wireless body area networks(WBANs)and artificial neural networks(ANN)to create an IoT-based healthcare framework for hospital information systems(IoT-HF-HIS).Our evaluation system uses a server to estimate how much computing power is needed for modeling,and simulations of the framework have been done using data rate and latency requirements are implementing the energy-aware technology presented in this paper.The proposed framework implements several hospital information system case studies by building a time-saving simulation environment.As the world’s population ages,more and more people suffer from physical and emotional ailments.Using the recommended strategy regularly has been proven user-friendly,reliable,and cost-effective,with an overall performance of 95.2%.

Influences of semiconductor laser on fibre-optic distributed disturbance sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer

This paper investigates the influences of a semiconductor laser with narrow linewidth on a fibre-optic distributed disturbance sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer. It establishes an effective numerical model to describe the noises and linewidth of a semiconductor laser, taking into account their correlations. Simulation shows that frequency noise has great influences on location errors and their relationship is numerically investigated. Accordingly, there is need to determine the linewidth of the laser less than a threshold and obtain the least location errors. Furthermore, experiments are performed by a sensor prototype using three semiconductor lasers with different linewidths, respectively, with polarization maintaining optical fibres and couplers to eliminate the polarization induced noises and fading. The agreement of simulation with experimental results means that the proposed numerical model can make a comprehensive description of the noise behaviour of a semiconductor laser. The conclusion is useful for choosing a laser source for fibre-optic distributed disturbance sensor to achieve optimized location accuracy. What is more, the proposed numerical model can be widely used for analysing influences of semiconductor lasers on other sensing, communication and optical signal processing systems.

Two-Mode Biomedical Sensor Build-up:Characterization of Optical Amplifier

Intracavity absorption spectroscopy is a strikingly sensitive technique that has been integrated with a two-wavelength setup to develop a sensor for human breath.Various factors are considered in such a scenario,out of which Relative Intensity Noise(RIN)has been exploited as an important parameter to characterize and calibrate the said setup.During the performance of an electrical based assessment arrangement which has been developed in the laboratory as an alternative to the expensive Agilent setup,the optical amplifier plays a pivotal role in its development and operation,along with other components and their significance.Therefore,the investigation and technical analysis of the amplifier in the system has been explored in detail.The algorithm developed for the automatic measurements of the system has been effectively deployed in terms of the laser’s performance.With this in perspective,a frequency dependent calibration has been pursued in depth with this scheme which enhances the sensor’s efficiency in terms of its sensitivity.In this way,our investigation helps us in a better understanding and implementation perspective of the proposed system,as the outcomes of our analysis adds to the precision and accuracy of the entire system.

A Study on the Optical Fibre Tactile Sensor Array for Robots

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Design of low-offset low-power CMOS amplifier for biosensor application

A compacted and low-offset low-power CMOS am- plifier for biosensor application is presented in this paper. It includes a low offset Op-Amp and a high precision current reference. With a novel continuous-time DC offset rejection scheme, the IC achieves lower offset voltage and lower power consumption compared to previous designs. This configuration rejects large DC offset and drift that exist at the skin-electrode interface without the need of external components. The proposed amplifier has been implemented in SMIC 0.18-μm 1P6M CMOS technol-ogy, with an active silicon area of 100 μm by 120 μm. The back-annotated simulation results demonstrated the circuit features the systematic offset voltage less than 80 μV, the offset drift about 0.27 μV/℃ for temperature ranging from –30℃ to 100℃ and the total power dissipation consumed as low as 37.8 μW from a 1.8 V single supply. It dedicated to monitor low amplitude biomedical signals recording.

Sensors-integrated organ-on-a-chip for biomedical applications

As a promising new micro-physiological system,organ-on-a-chip has been widely utilized for in vitro pharmaceutical study and tissues engineering based on the three-dimensional constructions of tissues/organs and delicate replication of in vivo-like microenvironment.To better observe the biological processes,a variety of sensors have been integrated to realize in-situ,realtime,and sensitive monitoring of critical signals for organs development and disease modeling.Herein,we discuss the recent research advances made with respect to sensors-integrated organ-on-a-chip in this overall review.Firstly,we briefly explore the underlying fabrication procedures of sensors within microfluidic platforms and several classifications of sensory principles.Then,emphasis is put on the highlighted applications of different types of organ-on-a-chip incorporated with various sensors.Last but not least,perspective on the remaining challenges and future development of sensors-integrated organ-on-a-chip are presented.

Recent progress of nanogenerators acting as biomedical sensors in vivo

Since the nanogenerator(NG) was invented in 2006, it has been successfully developed and utilized to harvest various forms of mechanical energy in vivo. The NGs promote the progress of self-powered biomedical devices. Moreover, NGs can also be used as sensors to detect a variety of important physiological signals, which brings us closer to real-time, high-fidelity monitoring of physical and pathological information. This paper summarizes the in vivo applications of NGs as biomedical sensors, including in cardiac sensors, respiration sensors, blood pressure sensors, gastrointestinal sensors and bladder sensors.However, there are still many challenges in using NGs as sensors in vivo. For example, how can we minimize and encapsulate the NGs, how can we increase the stability and reliability during long-term detection, and how can we establish a corresponding relationship between the NG’s electrical output and the physiological signals. It is also critical to follow the medical principles more closely in the development of self-powered sensors in the future. We believe that the self-powered sensors would promote the development of the next-generation healthcare monitoring systems.

Use of FBG Sensors for SHM in Aerospace Structures

这份报纸在聚合物(FRP ) 组织的为在太空纤维的监视的结构的健康(SHM ) 的传感器增强了的纤维布拉格栅栏(FBG ) 的使用上详细说明一些重要调查结果。一个小传感器提供 FRP 组织监视损坏的重要地点的在内的嵌入的一个能力。与 FBG 的实现联系的一些实际问题在象由于内部损坏，和另外的独立人士在失真的生产过程和相互关系期间嵌入 FBG 传感器到 FBG 系列的困难那样的太空 FRP 结构基于 SHM 系统效果将彻底地被学习。解释 FBG 的一个创新方法为鉴别在结构内的损坏将也被讨论发信号。

Temperature and strain registration by fibre-optic strain sensor in the polymer composite materials manufacturing

The presence of process-induced strains induced by various manufacturing and operational factors is one of the characteristics of polymer composite materials(PCM).Conventional methods of registration and evaluation of process-induced strains can be laborious,time-consuming and demanding in terms of technical applications.The employment of embedded fibre-optic strain sensors(FOSS)offers a real prospect of measuring residual strains.This paper demonstrates the potential for using embedded FOSS for recording technological strains in a PCM plate.The PCM plate is manufactured from prepreg,using the direct compression-moulding method.In this method,the prepared reinforcing package is placed inside a mould,heated,and then exposed to compaction pressure.The examined technology can be used for positioning FOSS between the layers of the composite material.Fibre-optic sensors,interacting with the material of the examined object,make it possible to register the evolution of the strain process during all stages of polymer-composite formation.FOSS data were recorded with interrogator ASTRO X 327.The obtained data were processed using specially developed algorithms.

面向航天领域应用的分布式光纤传感技术研究(特邀)

基于光纤传感网络的测量技术具备多测点、快速测量、抗电磁干扰及本征安全等优势,在航空航天、电力和土木等领域有广泛的应用前景。回顾了航天领域光纤传感技术的应用进展,围绕飞行器应用的光纤传感关键技术,着重分析了光纤传感器设计与制备和分布式光纤调制解调技术,以集成高密度弱反射光纤光栅传感器的热防护材料为监测对象,搭建光频域反射系统,获取了单面加热情况下热防护材料毫米级空间分辨率温度分布信息,并给出了高空间分辨率分布式光纤传感系统在航天领域应用的发展建议。

A bionic approach for the mechanical and electrical decoupling of an MEMS capacitive sensor in ultralow force measurement

Capacitive sensors are efficient tools for biophysical force measurement,which is essential for the exploration of cellular behavior.However,attention has been rarely given on the influences of external mechanical and internal electrical interferences on capacitive sensors.In this work,a bionic swallow structure design norm was developed for mechanical decoupling,and the influences of structural parameters on mechanical behavior were fully analyzed and optimized.A bionic feather comb distribution strategy and a portable readout circuit were proposed for eliminating electrostatic interferences.Electrostatic instability was evaluated,and electrostatic decoupling performance was verified on the basis of a novel measurement method utilizing four complementary comb arrays and applicationspecific integrated circuit readouts.An electrostatic pulling experiment showed that the bionic swallow structure hardly moved by 0.770 nm,and the measurement error was less than 0.009% for the area-variant sensor and 1.118% for the gap-variant sensor,which can be easily compensated in readouts.The proposed sensor also exhibited high resistance against electrostatic rotation,and the resulting measurement error dropped below 0.751%.The rotation interferences were less than 0.330 nm and(1.829×10^(-7))°,which were 35 times smaller than those of the traditional differential one.Based on the proposed bionic decoupling method,the fabricated sensor exhibited overwhelming capacitive sensitivity values of 7.078 and 1.473 pF/μm for gap-variant and area-variant devices,respectively,which were the highest among the current devices.High immunity to mechanical disturbances was maintained simultaneously,i.e.,less than 0.369% and 0.058% of the sensor outputs for the gap-variant and area-variant devices,respectively,indicating its great performance improvements over existing devices and feasibility in ultralow biomedical force measurement.

导电聚合物PEDOT∶PSS及其在柔性生物医学传感器中的研究进展

柔性生物医学传感器面临延展性差、灵敏度不高的问题,需要开发同时具有高电学性能和力学性能的材料,而传统陶瓷、金属或半导体通常不能满足。在导电聚合物中,聚(3,4-亚乙基二氧噻吩)∶聚(苯乙烯磺酸盐)[poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)∶poly(styrene sulfonate),PEDOT∶PSS]是一种具有较高导电性、化学稳定性以及良好生物相容性的材料,已成为一种被广泛研究的电极和传感器材料,并在生物医学领域得到应用。本文总结了PEDOT∶PSS的电学性能、力学性能及改性方式,并对其在柔性生物医学传感器方面的应用现状进行综述。

化学与生物传感器课程体系创新与实践

化学与生物传感器是生物医学工程专业学生培养过程中一门重要的专业课程,对于学生掌握化学量和生物量生物医学传感技术的基本原理、特点和应用至关重要。针对华中科技大学生物医学工程专业化学与生物传感器课程中存在的一些问题,提出采用学研结合的教学模式,选取典型的电化学生物医学传感器和胶体金层析试纸作为实践教学范例,借助教师的科研实验室作为本课程的实践教学场地,带领学生人人动手实际制作传感器件,同时通过虚拟仿真实验,有效地促进了学生对生物医学传感技术的认识。

面向航天回收装备的大变形柔性传感器研究与应用(二)——大应变传感器

在极端环境条件下,受温度、压力、速度等因素影响,具有柔性和大变形特征的航空航天装备极易发生故障,因此研发相应的大变形柔性传感器以对其服役状态下的应变、曲率、气动外形等参数进行实时监测面临巨大的挑战。文章面向具有柔性和大变形特征的航天回收降落伞,设计了大变形柔性应变传感器(简称大应变传感器),研究结果表明该大应变传感器在高达35%的应变范围内保持了优异的线性度(拟合优度>0.999)。文章还进一步探索传感器在降落伞的伞衣、伞绳、径向带等部位的集成方案并进行系统性测试,通过航天降落伞地面高塔投放试验和风洞试验的示范应用,有效地获得降落伞的变形状态信息,这对降落伞的结构设计优化与实时控制具有重要意义。

植物基水凝胶复合材料的应用研究进展

论述了近几年植物基复合水凝胶功能材料在生物医学(包括生物传感器、医用材料、药物输送载体和组织修复)、超级电容器和水处理领域的最新应用研究进展。植物组分的添加将进一步拓宽多功能水凝胶材料的应用领域,对实现多功能水凝胶材料的绿色和可持续发展具有重要意义。

面向航天回收装备的大变形柔性传感器研究与应用(一)——曲率传感器

以降落伞和着陆缓冲气囊等为代表的部分航空航天装备具有柔性和大变形的特征,工作过程中可能在短时间内形状变化剧烈且不完全规则,这些装备能否正常运行决定着整个任务的成败,因此对其服役状态下应变、曲率、气动外形等参数进行实时监测至关重要。文章面向具有柔性和大变形特征的航天着陆装备,研究大变形柔性曲率传感器(简称曲率传感器)的设计和性能,该曲率传感器量程达到了0.17mm–1并在测量过程中保持了优异的线性度(拟合优度>0.999)。文章还进一步探索了传感器在航天着陆系统上的集成方案与示范应用,通过对缓冲着陆气囊不同特征点的曲率进行监测,有效地对其整体轮廓进行表征,准确记录装备的充气、漏气和冲击变形状态信息,对航空航天装备的结构设计优化与实时控制具有重要意义。

探索OBE教学理念的生物医学传感器通识课教学

针对选课学生专业各异且均无生物医学背景知识,结合生物医学传感器通识课程教学工作实际情况,以成果导向教育理念(Outcome-based education,OBE)为核心思想,从教学目标、教学内容、教学模式、评价体系等4个方面对该通识课程的教学改革方法进行探索,明确该通识课程在知识与能力方面的预期学习成果,以日常生活中常用的、常见的医用设备为应用案例设计教学内容,采用多媒体辅助、课堂讨论、实物展示、实地参观、线上线下相结合等多元化教学模式,构建多层次考核方式,突破学科壁垒,充分提高学生学习该课程的兴趣,激发学生探索知识的主观能动性,拓展学生的眼界和知识面,从而达到提高教学质量的目的。

谐振微悬臂梁传感器的工作原理及其在生化检测中的研究进展

谐振微悬臂梁是一种可以将质量变化转换为频率信号的微质量型传感器,因其分辨率高、灵敏度高、成本低、易于集成和小型化等优点而备受关注。谐振微悬臂梁现已被广泛应用于流量控制、生物医学痕量检测、气态和液态分子分析等领域。近年来,随着微机电系统(Micro-Electro-Mechanical System,MEMS)技术的快速发展,针对谐振式微悬臂梁传感器的研究与应用越来越多,对近年来谐振式微悬臂梁传感器在环境检测、生物医学等领域的具体应用进行了综述,并对未来的发展方向做出了展望。

磁性MEMS传感器制备技术及生物传感应用研究进展

对磁性传感器件的微电子机械系统(MEMS)加工技术以及在生物医学检测方面的应用进行了简单阐述,分析了磁性生物传感技术的工作原理,重点介绍了巨磁阻抗(GMI)、巨磁阻(GMR)和微磁通门传感器的MEMS制备工艺,其中详述了磁性传感器的材料、几何尺寸、结构以及基底对其性能的影响,总结了磁性生物传感器在生物检测中的研究进展,重点阐述了磁性生物传感器在磁性标签、癌症标志物、食源性细菌、病毒以及细胞检测方面的应用。最后,对当前磁性生物传感器在生物医学检测领域面临的问题进行了简要分析,并对磁性生物传感器未来的应用前景进行了展望,以期为研发新一代可用于临床检测磁性生物检测系统打下良好的基础。

MXene及MXene/碳基复合材料在生物医学领域的研究进展

MXene是一种具有独特层状结构的新型过渡金属碳化物,它具有较大的比表面积、优异的导电性、光热性能和抗菌性能等特殊的物理化学特性,因此表现出较高的应用价值。与此同时,为了追求更广泛的应用,MXene常与炭材料复合以增强其综合性能。近年来,MXene及MXene/碳基复合材料在电子、传感以及生物医药等领域受到了广泛关注。本文聚焦于MXene及MXene/碳基复合材料的制备、修饰方法及其在生物传感、抗菌材料、疾病诊断与治疗等生物医学领域中的应用,以期推动MXene研究取得更大进展。