BACKGROUND Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)has been found to be of prognostic significance for several types of malignant tumors.However,less is known about the association between FAR and survival outcomes in hepatoc...BACKGROUND Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)has been found to be of prognostic significance for several types of malignant tumors.However,less is known about the association between FAR and survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients.AIM To explore the association between FAR and prognosis and survival in patients with HCC.METHODS A total of 366 histologically confirmed HCC patients diagnosed between 2013 and 2018 in a provincial cancer hospital in southwestern China were retrospectively selected.Relevant data were extracted from the hospital information system.The optimal cutoff for baseline serum FAR measured upon disease diagnosis was established using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the crude and adjusted associations between FAR and the overall survival(OS)of the HCC patients while controlling for various covariates.The restricted cubic spline(RCS)was applied to estimate the dose-response trend in the FAR-OS association.RESULTS The optimal cutoff value for baseline FAR determined by the ROC was 0.081.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that a lower baseline serum FAR level was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.43(95%confidence interval:1.87–3.15)in the OS of HCC patients,with identifiable dose-response trend in the RCS.Subgroup analysis showed that this FAR-OS association was more prominent in HCC patients with a lower baseline serum aspartate aminotransferase or carbohydrate antigen 125 level.CONCLUSION Serum FAR is a prominent prognostic indicator for HCC.Intervention measures aimed at reducing FAR might result in survival benefit for HCC patients.展开更多
AIM To investigate the prognostic role of fibrinogen-toalbumin ratio(FAR) on patients with gallbladder cancer(Gbc) in this study.METHODS One hundred and fifty-four Gbc patients were retro-spectively analyzed, who rece...AIM To investigate the prognostic role of fibrinogen-toalbumin ratio(FAR) on patients with gallbladder cancer(Gbc) in this study.METHODS One hundred and fifty-four Gbc patients were retro-spectively analyzed, who received potentially curative cholecystectomy in our institute from March 2005 to December 2017. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROc curve) was used to determine the optimal cut-offs for these biomarkers. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis as well as multivariate analysis were applied for prognostic analyses.RESULTS ROc curve revealed that the optimal cut-off value for FAR was 0.08. FAR was significantly correlated with age(P = 0.045), jaundice(P < 0.001), differentiation(P = 0.002), resection margin status(P < 0.001), T stage(P < 0.001), TNM stage(P < 0.001), and c A199(P < 0.001) as well as albumin levels(P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the resection margin status [hazard ratio(HR): 2.343, 95% confidence interval(c I): 1.532-3.581, P < 0.001], TNM stage(P = 0.035), albumin level(HR = 0.595, 95%c I: 0.385-0.921, P = 0.020) and FAR(HR: 2.813, 95%c I: 1.765-4.484, P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors in Gbc patients.CONCLUSION An elevated preoperative FAR was significantly correlated with unfavorable overall survival in Gbc patients, while an elevated preoperative albumin level was a protective prognostic factor for patients with Gbc. The preoperative FAR could be used to predict the prognosis of Gbc patients, which was easily accessible, costeffective and noninvasive.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in tumor progression,and growing evidence has confirmed that the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)is an important prognostic factor for overall survival in malignant tumo...BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in tumor progression,and growing evidence has confirmed that the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)is an important prognostic factor for overall survival in malignant tumors.AIM To investigate the prognostic significance of FAR in patients undergoing radical R0 resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 282 patients with PDAC who underwent radical R0 resection at The Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2010 to December 2019.The surv_cutpoint function of the R package survminer via RStudio software(version 1.3.1073,http://www.rstudio.org)was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of biological markers,such as preoperative FAR.The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were used for univariate survival analysis,and a Cox regression model was used for multivariate survival analysis for PDAC patients who underwent radical R0 resection.RESULTS The optimal cut-off value of FAR was 0.08 by the surv_cutpoint function.Higher preoperative FAR was significantly correlated with clinical symptoms(P=0.001),tumor location(P<0.001),surgical approaches(P<0.001),preoperative plasma fibrinogen concentration(P<0.001),and preoperative plasma albumin level(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that degree of tumor differentiation(P<0.001),number of metastatic lymph nodes[hazard ratio(HR):0.678,95%confidence interval(CI):0.509-0.904,P=0.008],adjuvant therapy(HR:1.604,95%CI:1.214-2.118,P=0.001),preoperative cancer antigen 19-9 level(HR:1.740,95%CI:1.288-2.352,P<0.001),and preoperative FAR(HR:2.258,95%CI:1.720-2.963,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with PDAC who underwent radical R0 resection.CONCLUSION The increase in preoperative FAR was significantly related to poor prognosis in patients undergoing radical R0 resection for PDAC.Preoperative FAR can be used clinically to predict the prognosis of PDAC patients undergoing radical R0 resection.展开更多
We observed the nearby galaxy M31 in the 〔C II〕158 μm emission line. An extended component was detected over the central 1 5 kpc region with a line-to-continuum ratio of 〔C II〕/〔40-120μm〕6×10 -3 . This ...We observed the nearby galaxy M31 in the 〔C II〕158 μm emission line. An extended component was detected over the central 1 5 kpc region with a line-to-continuum ratio of 〔C II〕/〔40-120μm〕6×10 -3 . This ratio is 3 times larger than that of the Galactic counterpart and is comparable to that in the general Galactic Plane. We expect that the difference between the two central regions are due to different gas densities; the self-shielding of CO molecules decreases the C + abundance at the higher density in the Galactic case.展开更多
The ion-to-electron temperature ratio is a good indicator of the processes involved in solar wind plasma entering and being transported inside Earth’s plasma sheet.In this study,we have demonstrated that patchy magne...The ion-to-electron temperature ratio is a good indicator of the processes involved in solar wind plasma entering and being transported inside Earth’s plasma sheet.In this study,we have demonstrated that patchy magnetic reconnection has the potential to preserve the ion-to-electron temperature ratio under certain conditions.If the charged particles are non-adiabatically accelerated no more than once in a single reconnection,the temperature ratio would be preserved;on the other hand,this ratio would not be preserved if they are accelerated multiple times.Consequently,under a northward interplanetary magnetic field(IMF)condition,the reconnection in the nonlinear phase of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is the dominant process for solar-originated plasma entering the Earth’s magnetosphere,and the ion-to-electron temperature ratio is preserved inside the plasma sheet.When the direction of the IMF is southward,the reflection of electrons from the magnetic mirror point,and subsequent multiple non-adiabatic accelerations at the reconnection site,are the primary reasons for the observed low ion-to-electron temperature ratio close to the Earth at midnight.While reconnections that occur in the night-side far tail might preserve the ratio,turbulence on the boundaries of the bursty bulk flows(BBFs)could change the ratio in the far tail through the violation of the frozen-in condition of the ions.The plateau in the contour of the calculated ion-to-electron temperature ratio in the down tail distance between 40 and 60 Earth radii may explain the strong correlation between the ion and electron temperatures in the outer central plasma sheet,which has not been clearly understood till date.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)has been found to be of prognostic significance for several types of malignant tumors.However,less is known about the association between FAR and survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients.AIM To explore the association between FAR and prognosis and survival in patients with HCC.METHODS A total of 366 histologically confirmed HCC patients diagnosed between 2013 and 2018 in a provincial cancer hospital in southwestern China were retrospectively selected.Relevant data were extracted from the hospital information system.The optimal cutoff for baseline serum FAR measured upon disease diagnosis was established using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the crude and adjusted associations between FAR and the overall survival(OS)of the HCC patients while controlling for various covariates.The restricted cubic spline(RCS)was applied to estimate the dose-response trend in the FAR-OS association.RESULTS The optimal cutoff value for baseline FAR determined by the ROC was 0.081.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that a lower baseline serum FAR level was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.43(95%confidence interval:1.87–3.15)in the OS of HCC patients,with identifiable dose-response trend in the RCS.Subgroup analysis showed that this FAR-OS association was more prominent in HCC patients with a lower baseline serum aspartate aminotransferase or carbohydrate antigen 125 level.CONCLUSION Serum FAR is a prominent prognostic indicator for HCC.Intervention measures aimed at reducing FAR might result in survival benefit for HCC patients.
基金Supported by the National key Project research and Development Projects,No.S2016G9012International Science and Technology Cooperation Projects,No.2015DFA30650The Capital Special research Project for Clinical Application,No.Z151100004015170
文摘AIM To investigate the prognostic role of fibrinogen-toalbumin ratio(FAR) on patients with gallbladder cancer(Gbc) in this study.METHODS One hundred and fifty-four Gbc patients were retro-spectively analyzed, who received potentially curative cholecystectomy in our institute from March 2005 to December 2017. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROc curve) was used to determine the optimal cut-offs for these biomarkers. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis as well as multivariate analysis were applied for prognostic analyses.RESULTS ROc curve revealed that the optimal cut-off value for FAR was 0.08. FAR was significantly correlated with age(P = 0.045), jaundice(P < 0.001), differentiation(P = 0.002), resection margin status(P < 0.001), T stage(P < 0.001), TNM stage(P < 0.001), and c A199(P < 0.001) as well as albumin levels(P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the resection margin status [hazard ratio(HR): 2.343, 95% confidence interval(c I): 1.532-3.581, P < 0.001], TNM stage(P = 0.035), albumin level(HR = 0.595, 95%c I: 0.385-0.921, P = 0.020) and FAR(HR: 2.813, 95%c I: 1.765-4.484, P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors in Gbc patients.CONCLUSION An elevated preoperative FAR was significantly correlated with unfavorable overall survival in Gbc patients, while an elevated preoperative albumin level was a protective prognostic factor for patients with Gbc. The preoperative FAR could be used to predict the prognosis of Gbc patients, which was easily accessible, costeffective and noninvasive.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81972314Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,No.2016-I2M-1-001.
文摘BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in tumor progression,and growing evidence has confirmed that the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)is an important prognostic factor for overall survival in malignant tumors.AIM To investigate the prognostic significance of FAR in patients undergoing radical R0 resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 282 patients with PDAC who underwent radical R0 resection at The Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2010 to December 2019.The surv_cutpoint function of the R package survminer via RStudio software(version 1.3.1073,http://www.rstudio.org)was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of biological markers,such as preoperative FAR.The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were used for univariate survival analysis,and a Cox regression model was used for multivariate survival analysis for PDAC patients who underwent radical R0 resection.RESULTS The optimal cut-off value of FAR was 0.08 by the surv_cutpoint function.Higher preoperative FAR was significantly correlated with clinical symptoms(P=0.001),tumor location(P<0.001),surgical approaches(P<0.001),preoperative plasma fibrinogen concentration(P<0.001),and preoperative plasma albumin level(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that degree of tumor differentiation(P<0.001),number of metastatic lymph nodes[hazard ratio(HR):0.678,95%confidence interval(CI):0.509-0.904,P=0.008],adjuvant therapy(HR:1.604,95%CI:1.214-2.118,P=0.001),preoperative cancer antigen 19-9 level(HR:1.740,95%CI:1.288-2.352,P<0.001),and preoperative FAR(HR:2.258,95%CI:1.720-2.963,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with PDAC who underwent radical R0 resection.CONCLUSION The increase in preoperative FAR was significantly related to poor prognosis in patients undergoing radical R0 resection for PDAC.Preoperative FAR can be used clinically to predict the prognosis of PDAC patients undergoing radical R0 resection.
文摘We observed the nearby galaxy M31 in the 〔C II〕158 μm emission line. An extended component was detected over the central 1 5 kpc region with a line-to-continuum ratio of 〔C II〕/〔40-120μm〕6×10 -3 . This ratio is 3 times larger than that of the Galactic counterpart and is comparable to that in the general Galactic Plane. We expect that the difference between the two central regions are due to different gas densities; the self-shielding of CO molecules decreases the C + abundance at the higher density in the Galactic case.
文摘The ion-to-electron temperature ratio is a good indicator of the processes involved in solar wind plasma entering and being transported inside Earth’s plasma sheet.In this study,we have demonstrated that patchy magnetic reconnection has the potential to preserve the ion-to-electron temperature ratio under certain conditions.If the charged particles are non-adiabatically accelerated no more than once in a single reconnection,the temperature ratio would be preserved;on the other hand,this ratio would not be preserved if they are accelerated multiple times.Consequently,under a northward interplanetary magnetic field(IMF)condition,the reconnection in the nonlinear phase of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is the dominant process for solar-originated plasma entering the Earth’s magnetosphere,and the ion-to-electron temperature ratio is preserved inside the plasma sheet.When the direction of the IMF is southward,the reflection of electrons from the magnetic mirror point,and subsequent multiple non-adiabatic accelerations at the reconnection site,are the primary reasons for the observed low ion-to-electron temperature ratio close to the Earth at midnight.While reconnections that occur in the night-side far tail might preserve the ratio,turbulence on the boundaries of the bursty bulk flows(BBFs)could change the ratio in the far tail through the violation of the frozen-in condition of the ions.The plateau in the contour of the calculated ion-to-electron temperature ratio in the down tail distance between 40 and 60 Earth radii may explain the strong correlation between the ion and electron temperatures in the outer central plasma sheet,which has not been clearly understood till date.
