肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)是我国重点防治的乙类传染病,曾在我国广泛流行,给人民群众健康带来严重威胁。多年来,在政府主导多部门通力协作全面落实综合防控措施的背景下,HFRS得到有效控制,发病总体...肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)是我国重点防治的乙类传染病,曾在我国广泛流行,给人民群众健康带来严重威胁。多年来,在政府主导多部门通力协作全面落实综合防控措施的背景下,HFRS得到有效控制,发病总体上进入低水平波动期,但累及地区却在扩大,新的疫源地仍在出现,部分疫源地疫情时有反复,防控工作面临新的形势。进一步巩固防控成果,降低发病率和病死率,仍是当前公共卫生系统亟待解决的挑战之一。为此,本文介绍了HFRS的病原学特征,结合既往疫情资料分析了我国当前HFRS的流行特点,总结了我国HFRS的防控策略与措施,以期为新形势下我国HFRS的防控工作提供有益参考。展开更多
目的：分析临沂市 HFRS的流行特征和防制效果，为制定相关防控措施提供科学依据。方法对临沂市1973～2013年 H FRS 监测资料进行分析。结果临沂市1973～2013年共报告H FRS 93806例，年平均发病率为22．24/10万。秋冬季、春季发病分别占...目的：分析临沂市 HFRS的流行特征和防制效果，为制定相关防控措施提供科学依据。方法对临沂市1973～2013年 H FRS 监测资料进行分析。结果临沂市1973～2013年共报告H FRS 93806例，年平均发病率为22．24/10万。秋冬季、春季发病分别占总发病数的48．36％和20．01％，20～50岁占74．31％，男女比例为1．81：1，发病以农民为主，占86．57％。野外鼠密度为3．22％，带毒率2．53％，以黑线姬鼠为优势种，占60．94；室内鼠密度为2．55％，带毒率4．22％，以褐家鼠和小家鼠为优势种，占91．40％。结论临沂市 H FRS疫情得到有效控制，应继续采取防鼠灭鼠、预防接种和健康教育为主的综合防制措施。展开更多
Ebola virus disease(EVD)has mostly affected economically deprived countries as limited resources adversely affect a country’s infrastructure and administration.Probing into the factors that led to the widespread outb...Ebola virus disease(EVD)has mostly affected economically deprived countries as limited resources adversely affect a country’s infrastructure and administration.Probing into the factors that led to the widespread outbreak,setting forth plans to counter EVD cases in developing countries,and devising definitive measures to limit the spread of the disease are essential steps that must be immediately taken.In this review we summarize the pathogenesis of EVD and the factors that led to its spread.We also highlight interventions employed by certain countries that have successfully limited the epidemic,and add a few preventive measures after studying the current data.According to the available data,barriers to prevent and control the disease in affected countries include irresolute and disorganized health systems,substandard sanitary conditions,poor personal hygiene practices,and false beliefs and stigma related to EVD.The public health sector along with the respective chief authorities in developing countries must devise strategies,keeping the available resources in mind,to deal with the outbreak before it occurs.As a first step,communities should be educated on EVD’s symptoms,history,mode of transmission,and methods of protection,including the importance of personal hygiene practices,via seminars,newspapers,and other social media.A popular opinion leader(POL)giving this information would further help to remove the misconception about the nature of the disease and indirectly improve the quality of life of affected patients and their families.展开更多
文摘肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)是我国重点防治的乙类传染病,曾在我国广泛流行,给人民群众健康带来严重威胁。多年来,在政府主导多部门通力协作全面落实综合防控措施的背景下,HFRS得到有效控制,发病总体上进入低水平波动期,但累及地区却在扩大,新的疫源地仍在出现,部分疫源地疫情时有反复,防控工作面临新的形势。进一步巩固防控成果,降低发病率和病死率,仍是当前公共卫生系统亟待解决的挑战之一。为此,本文介绍了HFRS的病原学特征,结合既往疫情资料分析了我国当前HFRS的流行特点,总结了我国HFRS的防控策略与措施,以期为新形势下我国HFRS的防控工作提供有益参考。
文摘目的：分析临沂市 HFRS的流行特征和防制效果，为制定相关防控措施提供科学依据。方法对临沂市1973～2013年 H FRS 监测资料进行分析。结果临沂市1973～2013年共报告H FRS 93806例，年平均发病率为22．24/10万。秋冬季、春季发病分别占总发病数的48．36％和20．01％，20～50岁占74．31％，男女比例为1．81：1，发病以农民为主，占86．57％。野外鼠密度为3．22％，带毒率2．53％，以黑线姬鼠为优势种，占60．94；室内鼠密度为2．55％，带毒率4．22％，以褐家鼠和小家鼠为优势种，占91．40％。结论临沂市 H FRS疫情得到有效控制，应继续采取防鼠灭鼠、预防接种和健康教育为主的综合防制措施。
文摘Ebola virus disease(EVD)has mostly affected economically deprived countries as limited resources adversely affect a country’s infrastructure and administration.Probing into the factors that led to the widespread outbreak,setting forth plans to counter EVD cases in developing countries,and devising definitive measures to limit the spread of the disease are essential steps that must be immediately taken.In this review we summarize the pathogenesis of EVD and the factors that led to its spread.We also highlight interventions employed by certain countries that have successfully limited the epidemic,and add a few preventive measures after studying the current data.According to the available data,barriers to prevent and control the disease in affected countries include irresolute and disorganized health systems,substandard sanitary conditions,poor personal hygiene practices,and false beliefs and stigma related to EVD.The public health sector along with the respective chief authorities in developing countries must devise strategies,keeping the available resources in mind,to deal with the outbreak before it occurs.As a first step,communities should be educated on EVD’s symptoms,history,mode of transmission,and methods of protection,including the importance of personal hygiene practices,via seminars,newspapers,and other social media.A popular opinion leader(POL)giving this information would further help to remove the misconception about the nature of the disease and indirectly improve the quality of life of affected patients and their families.
