Maternal perceived self-efficacy, perceived vulnerability and child health outcome in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria

Objective:The problems associated with child health continue to constitute a global concern,and child morbidity and mortality remain problematic in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA).Utilizing a community-based survey conducted in Ibadan North Local government,Southwest Nigeria the study examined the influences of maternal perceived self-efficacy(MPSE)and maternal perceived vulnerability(MPV)on child health outcomes(CHO).Methods:The study appraised data from 683 nursing mothers aged 15-45 obtained from 20 major primary healthcare centers in the region undergoing routine health checks for their children.Three regression models were fitted to examine the effects of MPV,MPSE,and confounding variables of maternal preventive actions such as insecticide-treated nets(ITN)usage and child immunization,among other maternal and child sociodemographic attributes on CHO.Results:The study finds that MPV has no correlation with CHO and MPSE but positively correlates with maternal age(r=0.123,P<0.05).However,CHO has a negative correlation with MPSE(r=-0.200,P<0.05)while positively correlated with child age(r=0.134,P<0.05).MPSE has a unique effect on CHO(β=-0.203,P<0.05),maternal preventive action of ITN usage show a positive association with CHO in the study Model 2(β=-0.163,P<0.05),while in Model 3,child's age has a positive association with CHO(β=0.180,P<0.05).The net effect of the study models accounted for approximately 10%of the variance in CHO reported among the children.Conclusion:Overall,MPSE and ITN usage are essential factors for understanding and reducing the potential adverse CHO.Global effort must continue to improve maternal education to support child health and preventive carepractices in SSA.

Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs on Antibiotic Use and Drug Resistance:Analysis of Data from Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals in Hubei Province,China

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs(ASPs)on antibiotic use and drug resistance.MethodsThis was a retrospective,multicenter,management intervention study.The data from 85 maternity hospitals(maternal and child health care hospitals)in Hubei province from 2012 to 2019 were collected.The indicators related to antimicrobial drug use included the utilization rate of different grades of antimicrobial drugs,the intensity of antimicrobial agent use,the rational use of prophylactic antimicrobial agents before class I surgical incision,and pathogenic detection and consultation rates before antimicrobial drug use.ResultsSince the implementation,the purchase of antimicrobial agents in hospitals has been maintained within the prescribed range,and the defined daily dose system(DDDs)of antimicrobial agents has been reduced,prophylactic use and accurate treatment of antimicrobial agents related to class I surgical incision have been more reasonable.With the implementation of ASPs,the detection rate of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli,and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been decreased in China from national bacterial resistance surveillance data.ConclusionASPs have positive effects on antibiotic use and drug resistance in 85 maternity hospitals(maternal and child health care hospitals).

The Potential Role of a Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Rural Northern Nigeria to Reduce Maternal and Child Deaths

There exist a huge gap between generation of evidence-based research findings and its use to inform policies in most developing countries. Further, it is evident that most developing countries are lagging behind in formulating appropriate policies aimed at improving people’s lives due to lack of evidence-based research findings. We describe the potential of a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in informing appropriate health interventions towards reducing the high maternal and child deaths in rural communities of north western Nigeria through the Verbal Autopsy (VA) data collection. VA data collection involves the use of VA questionnaires—set of open ended and closed ended questions adapted from the World Health Organization (WHO) module— administered to the caregivers, parents or family members of a deceased person to elicit information on signs and symptoms and their durations, and other pertinent information about the deceased in the period before death. VA interviews were conducted by trained VA enumerators on all 2100 deaths reported during the update round 4 of routine data collection (July-December, 2012) and returned forms were checked for consistencies and completeness by a trained research officer. The forms were later coded by trained medical doctors for possible cause of death using the WHO International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10) codes. Fifty cases of neonatal deaths, 1650 cases of infant and child deaths, and 400 cases of adult deaths were reported during the update round 4 data collection. Neonatal sepsis was reported as the leading cause of neonatal deaths (58%) while malaria and intestinal infectious diseases were reported as the leading cause of infant and child deaths and adult deaths respectively (45% and 17%, respectively). The study provides documented evidence of high neonatal deaths due to neonatal sepsis in an area with low hygiene and high home delivery rates. The findings from the VA data collection at Nahuche HDSS inform the intervention study on home distribution of chlorhexidine to pregnant women. The findings from this study call on government and other stakeholders to strengthen research capacity to generate timely data and findings returned to policy makers within the shortest period of time for decision making.

Contextual Challenges in the Implementation of the Alliance for Maternal and Newborn Health Improvement, Prospective Cohort Study, an Experience from Rural Pakistan

Introduction: Improving maternal and newborn survival needs robust data on patterns of morbidity and mortality from well-characterized cohorts. It is equally important for researchers to document and understand the contextual challenges of data collection and how they are addressed. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study implemented from December 2012 to August 2014 in Matiari, Pakistan. A total of 11,315 pregnancies were enrolled. Participants were approached at home for sequential data collection through the standard pretested structured questionnaires. Some indicators were sourced through health facility records. Information on field challenges gathered through field diaries and minutes of meetings with field staff. Results: Inaccurate reporting of last menstrual period (LMP) dates caused difficulties in the planning and completion of antenatal data collection visits at scheduled gestational weeks. We documented ultrasound reports wherever available, relied on quickening technique, and implemented a seasonal event calendar to help mothers’ recall their LMP. Health system coordinators of public sector and private healthcare providers were individually approached for maximum data collection. But an unregulated private health system with poor record maintenance and health care providers’ reluctance for cooperation posed a greater challenge in data collection. Conclusions: Within a broader understanding of the health systems and socio-cultural environment, temporal and spatial feasibility of data collection should be considered thoroughly at the early stages of study designing, planning, resource allocation, and implementation. Pre-defined regular and need-based meetings with each tier of data collection teams and study managers help to reinvigorate field execution plans and optimize both quantity and quality of study data.

Marked Improvement in China's Maternal and Child Health

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Vitamin B_(12) Deficiency in Newborns and their Mothers_Novel Approaches to Early Detection,Treatment and Prevention of a Global Health Issue

Vitamin B 12 deficiency,mostly of maternal origin in newborns,is a well treatable condition but can cause severe neurologic sequelae.In women of childbearing age and pregnant women worldwide vitamin B12 deficiency has been reported with frequencies of 10%-50%.Children with vitam in B I2 deficiency are asym ptom atic at birth but may develop severe multisystemic symptoms,including irreversible developmental impairment in the second halfyear of life.Early detection of vitamin B12 deficiency allows for presymptomatic treatment.This article provides an overview over the function of vitamin B12 and discusses causes and frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency in newborns,infants,and women of childbearing age.It describes novel successful approaches to newborn screening(NBS)for vitamin B,2 deficiency and results of a pilot study which performed systematic NBS for vitamin B12 deficiency using so-called second-tier strategies by measuring homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in dried blood spots.Recommendations for diagnostics in mothers of children with vitamin B12 deficiency are described as well as results of systematic work-up in mothers and treatment and follow-up of children with vitamin B12 deficiency detected by NBS.Treatment options of vitamin B12 deficiency are presented including a newly developed standardized supplementation scheme with exclusively oral vitamin BI2 supplementation.Recommendations for preventive approaches to vitamin Bl2 deficiency for children and mothers are stated.Many children worldwide could benefit from systematic inclusion of vitamin B12 deficiency into NBS panels.In addition,preventive approaches to maternal vitamin B12 deficiency should be implemented systematically during maternal care.

Improvements to Female Autonomy and Household Decision-Making Power from an Intervention Targeting Improved Food Security: A Gender-Based Analysis of the Rajasthan Nutrition Project

In India, women and children continue to experience food insecurity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the Rajasthan Nutrition Project (RNP) led to changes in 1) dietary habits and nutrition, and 2) indicators of gender equality, female autonomy, and empowerment. This study surveyed women belonging to self-help groups who were pregnant or who had young children. Over the course of the intervention, significant improvements were seen in the following indicators: breastfeeding within one hour of birth, exclusively breastfeeding for the first six months, food insecurity of children and mothers, household decision-making, communication, mobility, and domestic violence. These findings suggest that the RNP is a promising intervention for improving nutrition and female autonomy in Rajasthan, India. Additional research is needed to determine if the RNP would be equally as effective in other regions of India, or in populations outside of India.

Parenthood in Childbirth: Reports by Mothers and Fathers

Nowadays childbirth care in Brazil is mainly guided by the technocratic model, with a high rate of unnecessary interventions that may cause iatrogenesis. Emotional aspects inherent to birth tend to be disregarded in this scenario, which produces risks for the psychological health of the mother, father, and baby. The aim of this study was to look into the subjective experiences of fathers and mothers regarding childbirth in contemporary Brazil. For this purpose, a collective case study was carried out in which 30 birth reports published on personal blogs were analyzed, 15 written by women and 15 by men. The results pointed to the helplessness experienced by fathers and mothers in the face of technocratic care which may sometimes be violent, and to the idealization of health care professionals who work according to the humanized paradigm. The choice of the mode of delivery often appeared in the subjects’ discourse, denoting a scenario in which caesarean section is understood as a consumer good. Respect for the temporality of childbirth was considered essential to ensure that giving birth is not experienced in a traumatic way, and pain was reported as a central element to elaborate the symbolic death intrinsic to the process of parenthood appropriation. The lack of support from the environment seems to be a constitutive factor in the experience of obstetric violence and the writing of birth reports a resource to reinterpret this traumatic experience. We came to the conclusion that it is extremely important that the professional team be trained to understand the emotional aspects present in the childbirth experience, with interdisciplinary exchanges being a powerful resource to provide good quality of care for the parental couple.

Patient-Reported Factors Facilitating Participation in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Programs in Kara, Togo, West Africa

Background: Despite efforts to expand prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in resource-limited settings, only 53% of women in sub-Saharan Africa receive adequate PMTCT services. Understanding factors that enable successful program completion are crucial to improving adherence rates to PMTCT programs in these settings. Using a positive deviance approach, we explored patient and provider’s perspectives on factors enabling women to successfully access and adhere to PMTCT services to identify areas of program improvement and further reduce HIV transmission. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 health care workers (HCWs) at two health centers in Kara, Togo and 34 women who had successfully completed the PMTCT program at those facilities. Women were identified using purposive sampling and content theme analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Knowledge and belief in the potential to give birth to an HIV-negative child, supported by facilitating factors on the individual and community levels, was the cornerstone to women’s PMTCT program success. Effective program education and peer-to-peer interactions fostered the participants’ knowledge and belief in PMTCT, with the resulting internal motivation driving continued participation and adherence. The welcoming environment, availability of peer support groups and financial assistance from the health facility, further facilitated success, with women using this facility-based community to seek advice and support from HCWs and peers. Financial, physical, and emotional support from relatives was also important in ensuring unhindered access. Finally, the faith-based communities’ acceptance and support for HIV-positive women further encouraged participants to adhere to the program. Conclusion: Understanding and believing in the ability to have an HIV-negative baby was the most important facilitator for PMTCT program adherence. This led to internal motivation that was continually reinforced through facility and community supportive environments focused on addressing barriers. Efforts to improve PMTCT success should focus on all of these factors through a patient-centered approach.

Assessing the influence of digital technologies on antenatal care visits in Zimbabwe:insights from 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

Background and objective:To provide good health and well-being as established by the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)3,access to digital technologies can act as conduits to achieve such progress in a population.As guided by the World Health Organization,antenatal care(ANC)attendance is one of the measures promoted to curtail the global health burden of maternal and infant mortality.ANC services are seldom utilized to their full potential in Zimbabwe.This study explores if any of the women's digital technology characteristics were associated with antenatal care visits.Methods:The study analyzed population-based cross-sectional data with a subsample of 1932 women aged 15-49 years from the 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.Test of associations with chi-square test,bivariate,and multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the predictors of adequate(4-7)and optimal(≥8)ANC visits relative to undesirable(1-3)antenatal care visits among women who had given births 2 years before the survey.Results:The results indicate that 64.5%(1246/1932)of the women attained adequate ANC while about 9.8%(189/1932)attained optimal ANC.Reading a newspaper/magazine at least once a week(odds ratio[OR] 1.73,β'=0.551,t=2.030,P=0.043)and watching television at least once a week(OR 1.72,β=0.545,t=2.454,P=0.015),listening to the radio less than once a week(OR 1.28,β'=0.247,t=1.750,P=0.080),and owning a mobile phone(OR 1.48,β'=0.394,t=3.020,P=0.003)were positively associated with adequate ANC.Optimal ANC was significantly associated with women being able to read a newspaper at least once a week(OR 2.93,β'=1.074,t=3.120,P=0.002),listen to the radio less than 0nce a week(OR 2.07,p'=0.73,t=2.700,P=0.007)and have ownership of a mobile phone(OR 1.88,β'=0.631,t=2.620,P=0.009).Conclusion:Access to a newspaper,radio,television,and mobile phone were important predictors of a woman's ability to achieve her ANC attendance.Policies to improve the knowledge of ANC packages can be facilitated using digital technology to achieve adequate and preferably optimal ANC in Zimbabwe.It is important to improve digital infrastructure to support digital technologies in providing ANC services.

基于三级妇幼保健院应用微信公众号开展健康科普传播状况的调查

目的了解我国三级妇幼保健院应用微信公众号开展健康科普传播的现状,为促进各级妇幼保健机构充分利用微信公众号平台开展健康科普宣传,提高新媒体健康传播效能提供参考依据。方法选取2021年参加全国三级妇幼保健机构绩效考核并有微信公众号的274所机构为调查对象。采用自制问卷,于2022年4—6月通过问卷星向被调查机构的微信公众号负责人进行调查。问卷内容涉及负责人基本情况,以及本机构纳入三级妇幼保健院微信公众号科普作品影响力监测的微信公众号建设和管理情况,科普作品的创作、发布和运营情况,针对用户调查情况等。结果274所有微信公众号的三级妇幼保健院中,67.9%的微信公众号为服务号;98.9%的微信公众号具有健康宣教功能;用户注册数超过20万人的微信公众号占29.2%。各机构微信公众号管理人员数量普遍较少,仅为1人的机构占29.2%,37.9%的机构无专人管理。微信公众号负责人所在科室主要为宣传科(38.7%)、健康教育科(27.4%)及院办(13.1%);负责人专业背景为医学相关专业的仅占36.9%;各机构确定科普作品主题的方法主要为配合科普宣传日(94.2%)、各科室提供(90.1%)、热点话题(81.8%)、根据节气/天气变化(59.5%)等,主题确定来源于用户需求调查的仅为37.2%;科普稿源以相关业务科室提供为主(95.3%);94.5%的机构在科普作品发布前有专人审核。发布的科普作品主要通过院内官方宣传媒体(84.3%)和院内自媒体(77.4%)进行推广,经由辖区妇幼体系推广的机构仅占13.1%。微信公众号运营管理人员主要是本机构专职(47.1%)和兼职人员(49.3%);79.6%的机构无运营经费支持;53.6%的机构设定了科普作品发布激励机制,仅有21.2%的机构开展过微信公众号用户调查。结论绝大多数三级妇幼保健院均能通过微信公众号开展妇幼健康科普传播工作,但普遍缺乏用户调查和对公众号运营的支持,应进一步加强对微信公众号的管理,并充分利用微信公众号开展与用户的沟通及需求评估,从而进一步促进微信公众号健康传播能力的提升。

某妇幼保健院基于RBRVS和DRG方法开展绩效评价的实践

根据国家、省医药卫生体制改革相关文件精神,笔者采用当下比较有效的绩效评价工具RBRVS+DRGs的绩效考核方法,构建具有妇幼专科特色的绩效评价体系,引导临床业务科室在促进业务增长的同时提升业务能力和病种收治质量。通过绩效考核评价机制的改革,促进了医院业务财务融合发展,建立重实绩、重贡献、向优秀人才和临床一线倾斜的分配激励机制,实现医院高质量发展的目标。

2016—2021年某妇幼保健院早产儿医院感染影响因素分析

目的 了解早产儿医院感染现状及影响因素,为早产儿医院感染防控提供理论和实践依据。方法 采用回顾性研究方法,对2016年1月—2021年12月某院新生儿病房收治的早产儿进行调查分析,查阅病历,收集早产儿基本信息及住院期间诊疗信息。结果 共纳入早产儿3 559例,其中男1 964例,女1 595例;平均出生体重(2 108.66±631.17)g。发生医院感染109例,发病率3.06%;主要感染类型为下呼吸道感染(44.04%)、血流感染(28.44%)、胃肠道感染(14.68%);检出医院感染相关病原菌38株,其中革兰阴性菌33株(86.84%),革兰阳性菌3株,真菌2株。主要分离病原菌为产气肠杆菌(28.95%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(28.95%)。经单因素、非条件多因素logistic回归分析,羊水污染、出生体重<2 500 g、使用呼吸机、中心静脉插管是早产儿医院感染的独立危险因素(OR值分别为2.424、3.805、3.776、5.412,均P<0.05);剖宫产是早产儿医院感染的保护因素(OR=0.362,P<0.05)。结论 早产儿医院感染风险高,影响因素多,临床应引起重视,积极采取有循证依据的防控措施减少风险因素暴露,保护早产儿健康。

移动互联网技术在区域妇幼保健领域的应用

介绍天津市推动实施“互联网+妇幼保健”信息化建设的需求分析、建设背景、功能模块和应用成效等内容。应用云平台和移动互联网技术建设面向全市妇幼保健服务人群的移动App和微信小程序信息系统。采用适宜的技术架构进行系统功能模块设计开发,实现了将患者医疗机构诊疗信息和自我健康记录结合,构建完善的信息管理系统。移动互联网在妇幼健康领域的应用,实现了手机端与覆盖全市的妇幼保健信息平台的数据互联互通,优化了妇幼保健就诊流程,提高了保健服务质量和患者的满意度。

2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金项目资助情况分析

目的 分析2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金(National Natural Science Foundation of China,NSFC)项目资助情况,为妇幼保健机构科研能力建设提供参考。方法 运用NSFC大数据知识管理服务平台和全国妇幼保健机构监测数据,分析NSFC项目申请、获资助、负责人等基本情况,比较获资助和未获资助机构在人力资源和承担科研课题项目上的差异性。结果 2011—2022年我国35家妇幼保健机构作为NSFC依托单位共申请项目861项,获资助率为10.57%;青年科学基金、面上项目、地区科学基金为主要申请和获资助类型,获资助率分别为7.27%、5.34%和15.21%,存在类别间和地区间差异。55.8%的项目负责人在首次获资助前参与过NSFC项目,且78.13%为高等院校牵头项目;项目负责人中,高级职称占58.25%、博士研究生学历占62.64%;获资助机构承担或独立承担科研课题项目数多于未获资助机构,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 我国妇幼保健机构科研能力仍相对薄弱,人才储备和科研基础是项目申请成功的有利因素,妇幼保健机构应加强科研人才的引进与培养,以需求为牵引,关注政策导向,聚焦学术前沿,注重学科交叉,增强合作,推动科研创新能力提升,助力妇幼保健机构可持续、高质量地发展。

2015—2022年全国三级妇幼保健院卫生人力资源配置状况分析

目的了解2015—2022年全国三级妇幼保健院的卫生人力资源配置状况,为进一步加强妇幼保健院人才队伍建设和管理提供依据。方法通过全国妇幼保健机构监测系统收集数据,对全国所有三级妇幼保健院的卫生人力资源情况进行描述性分析。结果2015—2022年全国三级妇幼保健院卫生技术人员数量不断增加,年平均增长率为10.2%;高学历和高职称卫生技术人员占比逐年上升;卫生技术人员占比达标的三级妇幼保健院所占的比例已提高到93.8%;医护比已超过1∶1.4。结论我国三级妇幼保健院的卫生人力资源配置状况呈现良好的上升趋势,为提高妇幼保健院整体服务水平与服务能力奠定了基础。

不同病因妊娠合并急性胰腺炎患者的临床特征及母婴预后研究

背景由于经济发展及国内生育政策改变,妊娠合并急性胰腺炎(APIP)发病率逐渐增加,不同病因的APIP临床特点不同,且对母婴预后的影响可能存在较大差异,既往对此研究较少。目的分析不同病因APIP的临床特征及其与母婴预后的关系。方法收集2016—2022年首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院收治的48例住院APIP患者的临床资料,根据病因分为胆源性组(n=27)及高脂血症组(n=21),对比分析两组实验室检查指标以及母婴结局。结果胆源性组起病至就诊时间长于高脂血症组,入院时孕周短于高脂血症组,既往孕次多于高脂血症组,腹泻及停止排便所占比例低于高脂血症组(P<0.05)。两组患者严重程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.912)。胆源性组血红蛋白、血小板计数、C反应蛋白、胆固醇、三酰甘油水平低于高脂血症组,总胆红素、直接胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷氨酰转肽酶、血肌酐、血钙、血钠、血淀粉酶、N末端脑钠肽前体水平高于高脂血症组(P<0.05)。胆源性组分娩时孕周短于高脂血症组(P<0.05)。胆源性组和高脂血症组早产率、剖宫产率、剖宫产人为干预终止妊娠率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。胆源性组新生儿重量小于高脂血症组,身长短于高脂血症组,病理性黄疸、呼吸窘迫、呼吸机辅助呼吸发生率高于高脂血症组(P<0.05)。结论胆源性疾病目前仍为APIP患者的第一位病因,可显著缩短母体的分娩孕周,并造成胎儿低体质量,增加胎儿病理性黄疸、呼吸窘迫、呼吸机辅助呼吸的发生率,引起胎儿更为严重的预后。

基于财务视角的我国妇幼保健院发展变化研究

目的:基于财务视角对妇幼保健院发展现状进行研究,为妇幼事业发展和相关部门出台政策提供参考。方法:采用描述性分析法,从财政保障水平、偿债能力、收支情况、发展能力和工作效率5个维度选取14个财务指标,对2012-2021年妇幼保健院与整个专业公共卫生机构进行分析与比较。结果:妇幼保健院财政补助收入占比明显低于整个专业公共卫生机构,且增速变动幅度较大;资产负债率整体上呈增长趋势;收支结余率较低,自我补偿能力减弱,人员经费支出比率较高;近2年发展能力指标增速整体上低于专业公共卫生机构;医师日均诊疗人次整体呈下降趋势,床位周转率和床位周转次数下降明显。结论:建立科学合理的财政补助机制;适当控制负债规模;坚持“强保健、精临床”双轮驱动,加快推进医疗服务价格形成机制建设;明确财务指标标准;加强精细化运营管理,实现效率、效益、效能同步提升。

妇幼保健体系子宫颈癌医防一体化管理与技术服务专家共识

子宫颈癌可防可控却仍严重威胁女性健康。人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗接种、子宫颈癌筛查和早诊早治的综合干预策略是实现全球消除子宫颈癌战略目标的重要路径。目前我国已建立比较完善的妇幼保健体系,承担人群子宫颈癌防控技术服务与管理的重要职能。在妇幼保健体系内建立子宫颈癌医防一体化服务管理模式与协同机制,整合健康教育、疫苗接种、筛查、诊断与治疗、随访管理,对提高防治服务可及性,加速消除子宫颈癌的目标实现具有重要的公共卫生意义。本共识在对我国妇幼保健体系充分调研和专家研讨基础上,系统梳理妇幼保健体系在子宫颈癌防控工作中的作用、服务模式和瓶颈因素,提出构建妇幼保健机构内医防服务一体化和妇幼保健机构间医防服务全流程闭环的双路径模式,以及实现医防一体化模式的关键要素和建设原则,为推动我国妇幼保健体系子宫颈癌防治服务向连续、整合、系统转型提供指导建议。

4~7岁儿童代谢综合征有关指标之间相关模式研究

目的探究4~7岁儿童代谢综合征有关指标之间的相关模式。方法依托前期开展的孕期增补复合微量营养素预防母婴不良结局项目,在河北满城、元氏2县选取参加项目孕妇所生儿童1454名,于儿童4~7岁时测量身高、体重、腰围、血压并检测血脂和血糖。采用Pearson相关分析检验体质指数(BMI)、腰围、总胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、收缩压和舒张压共9个指标之间的线性相关关系。参照美国心脏学会标准判定儿童中心性肥胖、高血压、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症和高血糖发生情况,采用关联分析的φ系数描述5个代谢综合征组分间的相关关系。结果儿童CHO与LDL-C相关关系强(r=0.82,P<0.001),腰围与BMI、收缩压与舒张压、CHO与HDL-C相关关系较强(r依次为0.63、0.60和0.74,P均<0.001),CHO与TG、TG与LDL-C、HDL-C与LDL-C中等强度相关(r依次为0.34、0.30和0.43,P均<0.001),其他指标之间为弱相关或无相关。儿童中心性肥胖与高血压、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症三者均呈弱相关关系(φ系数依次为0.06、0.08和0.07,P均<0.05),高血压和高TG血症呈弱相关关系(φ=0.05,P<0.05),其他代谢综合征组分间的φ系数无统计学意义。结论儿童收缩压与舒张压之间、腰围与BMI之间以及几个血脂指标彼此之间相关关系较强,包括HDL-C与CHO、LDL-C均为中等强度正相关关系,而血压、肥胖与血脂三类指标之间无明显相关,血糖与所有指标均无明显相关;儿童代谢综合征各组分间相关较弱或无相关,提示儿童代谢指标间相关模式与成人不完全相同,代谢综合征这一概念应用于儿童宜审慎。