In the Temperature-Pressure phase diagram, the quasi-one-dimensional conductor, HMTSF-TCNQ, the ground state at ambient pressure is an insulator of charge density wave (CDW) below 30 K, while it shows a good metallic ...In the Temperature-Pressure phase diagram, the quasi-one-dimensional conductor, HMTSF-TCNQ, the ground state at ambient pressure is an insulator of charge density wave (CDW) below 30 K, while it shows a good metallic nature at higher temperature. The CDW insulating state is suppressed by a pressure of 1 GPa, which is considered to be a quantum critical point. Neither at 0 - 0.5 nor 2 GPa but only around this critical point in pressure, field-induced phases appear from 0.2 T through 10 T, where Rxy is almost constant and Rxx is very low. These phenomena are achieved when the magnetic field is applied along the least conducting axis. The behaviors are consistent with a kind of Quantum Hall Effect (QHE). The field-induce phase accompanied by the QHE might be the field-induced CDW (FICDW) similar to that of FISDW, observed in (TMTSF)2X salts. This paper presents the latest result of the Hall effects reviewing the history of the authors’ work on this material from preliminary to the latest ones.展开更多
The effect of an external magnetic field on the structural and magnetic properties of bond frustrated ZnCr2 Se4 at low temperatures is investigated using magnetization, dielectric constants and thermal conductivity ex...The effect of an external magnetic field on the structural and magnetic properties of bond frustrated ZnCr2 Se4 at low temperatures is investigated using magnetization, dielectric constants and thermal conductivity experiments. With an increase in the magnetic field H, the antiferromagnetic transition temperature TN is observed to shift progressively toward lower temperatures. The corresponding high temperature cubic （Fd3m） to low temperature tetragonal （I41amd） structural transition is tuned simultaneously due to the inherent strong spin-lattice coupling. In the antiferromagnetic phase, an anomaly at Hc2 defined as a steep downward peak in the derivative of the M-H curve is dearly drawn. It is found that TN versus H and Hc2 versus T exhibit a consistent tendency, indicative of a field-induced tetragonal （I41amd） to cubic （Fd3m） structural transition. The transition is further substantiated by the field-dependent dielectric constant and thermal conductivity measurements. We modify the T-H phase diagram, highlighting the coexistence of the paramagnetic state and ferromagnetic clusters between 100K and TN.展开更多
Nitrification,a central process in the marine nitrogen cycle,produces regenerated nitrate in the euphotic zone and emits N_(2)O,a potent greenhouse gas as a by-product.The regulatory mechanisms of nitrification in the...Nitrification,a central process in the marine nitrogen cycle,produces regenerated nitrate in the euphotic zone and emits N_(2)O,a potent greenhouse gas as a by-product.The regulatory mechanisms of nitrification in the Southern Ocean,which is a critical region for CO_(2)sequestration and radiative benefits,remain poorly understood.Here,we investigated the in situ and dark nitrification rates in the upper 500 m and conducted substrate kinetics experiments across the Indian Sector in the Cosmonaut and Cooperation seas in the late austral summer.Our findings indicate that light inhibition of nitrification decreases exponentially with depth,exhibiting a light threshold of 0.53%photosynthetically active radiation.A positive relationship between dark nitrification and apparent oxygen utilization suggests a dependence on substrate availability from primary production.Importantly,an increased NH_(4)^(+) supply can act as a buffer against photo-inhibitory damage.Globally,substrate affinity(α)increases with depth and transitions from light to dark,decreases with increasing ambient NH_(4)^(+)and exhibits a latitudinal distribution,reflecting substrate utilization strategies.We also reveal that upwelling in Circumpolar Deep Water(CDW)stimulates nitrification through the introduction of potentially higher iron and deep diverse nitrifying microorganisms with higherα.We conclude that although light is the primary limiting factor for nitrification in summer,coupling between substrate availability and CDW upwelling can overcome this limitation,thereby alleviating photoinhibition by up to 45%±5.3%.展开更多
CdSe quantum-dot(QD)film,as the core function layer,plays a key role in various optoelectronic devices.The thickness uniformity of QD films is one of the key factors to determine the overall photoelectric performance....CdSe quantum-dot(QD)film,as the core function layer,plays a key role in various optoelectronic devices.The thickness uniformity of QD films is one of the key factors to determine the overall photoelectric performance.Therefore,it is important to obtain the thickness distribution of large-area QD films.However,it is difficult for traditional methods to quickly get the information related to its thickness distribution without introducing additional damage.In this paper,a non-contact and non-destructive inspection method for in-situ detecting the thickness uniformity of CdSe QD film is proposed.The principle behind this in-situ inspection method is that the photoluminescence quenching phenomenon of the QD film would occur under a high electric field,and the degree of photoluminescence quenching is related to the thickness of the quantum dot films.Photoluminescence images of the same QD film without and with an electric field are recorded by a charge-coupled device camera,respectively.By transforming the brightness distribution of these two images,we can intuitively see the thickness information of the thin film array of QD.The proposed method provides a meaningful inspection for the manufacture of QD based lightemitting display.展开更多
As the climate change signs become more noticeable, the concern to prioritize sustainability within the AEC industry intensifies. This particularly pertained to issues related to the demand of resources, the excessive...As the climate change signs become more noticeable, the concern to prioritize sustainability within the AEC industry intensifies. This particularly pertained to issues related to the demand of resources, the excessive consumption of raw materials, and the associated generated waste. Presently, the construction industry is ranked among the industries that are accountable for the global generation of solid waste and energy consumption, leading to detrimental environmental effects. Nonetheless, over the years, construction methods, technological innovations, and building practices have made considerable progress, influenced by a growing emphasis on sustainability, especially in energy conservation and in adopting the Industrialized Production layer of Construction 4.0 (i.e., modular prefabrication, 3D concrete printing, and BIM). The concept of Circular Economy (CE) has been identified as a potential solution to achieve sustainability in building construction through the design, construction, and end-of-life deconstruction processes that enhance the management of waste based on the framework that is related to reducing, reusing, and recycling. Moreover, information and data related to geolocation complement advanced digital technologies by providing a collaborative platform that supports the application of CE as a practical approach to sustainability. Thus, this study will provide a straightforward methodology for developing a model that integrates BIM and sustainable design with Circular Economy’s concept to enhance the sustainability of construction projects to minimize their waste based on various construction methods (i.e., conventional, modular, and 3D concrete printing). The proposed model interrelates tools and data for the evaluation and planning strategies for the construction and deconstruction waste (CDW) management at the design stage, including estimating the quantities of the wasted materials, quantifying the production rates of selected equipment for the waste handling (loading and hauling) at the various stages of a project as well their associated cost. The proposed model will help users to calculate the quantity of construction and deconstruction waste (CDW) during the design of buildings based on their different construction methods at the early stage by using the concept of Design for Deconstruction (DfD);sustainable construction methods;and deconstruction process for waste management, which will lead to the suitable construction method.展开更多
AIM: TO study the expression of CDw75 in patients with gastric carcinoma and to correlate CDw75 expression with progression of the tumor. METHODS: Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of CDw75...AIM: TO study the expression of CDw75 in patients with gastric carcinoma and to correlate CDw75 expression with progression of the tumor. METHODS: Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of CDw75 in 72 cases of the gastric carcinoma and adjacent normal gastric mucosa, and the percentage of the cells positively stained with CDw75 was calculated using a computer-aided microscopic image analysis system. RESULTS: CDw75 was not expressed in normal gastric mucosa but detected in 37 of the 72 neoplastic gastric lesions. The expression of CDw75 was associated with the tumor progression as indicated by its close correlation with the depth of the tumor infiltration (X^2=18.415, P<0.01), TNM stage (X^2=10.419, P<0.05) and lymph node metastasis (X^2=6.675, P<0.01). The overall survival rate of the patients with positive CDw75 expression (32.4%) was significantly lower than that of the patients without CDw75 expression (71.4%) (P<0.01). There was no significant correlation between the expression of CDw75 and the sex and age and histological type of patients (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the expression of CDw75 is a significant histopathological marker for more advanced stage of gastric carcinoma and indicates a poor prognosis for the patients.展开更多
目的:探讨CDw75(cluster of differentiation antigen 75)在大肠癌组织中的表达及其和大肠癌浸润、转移和TNM分期等病理特征之间的关系。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测CDw75抗原在61例大肠癌组织和30例相应正常大肠黏膜组织中的表达,计算...目的:探讨CDw75(cluster of differentiation antigen 75)在大肠癌组织中的表达及其和大肠癌浸润、转移和TNM分期等病理特征之间的关系。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测CDw75抗原在61例大肠癌组织和30例相应正常大肠黏膜组织中的表达,计算阳性细胞的百分率。结果:CDw75在30例正常大肠黏膜中均阴性表达,在61例大肠癌组织中有30例阳性表达。CDw75表达阳性多见于肿瘤直径≥5cm、浸润深度较深、伴淋巴结转移和远处转移及TNMⅢ+Ⅳ期的大肠癌。结论:大肠癌组织中CDw75抗原的表达可作为大肠黏膜恶性转化的一个标志物,并可能用于判断大肠癌的恶性生物学行为。展开更多
Worldwide construction and demolition waste (CDW) is currently dumped. To close the building cycle and the building materials cycle by recycling CDW in high technical applications, the technical quality of stony mater...Worldwide construction and demolition waste (CDW) is currently dumped. To close the building cycle and the building materials cycle by recycling CDW in high technical applications, the technical quality of stony materials must be improved. For this purpose, concrete rubbles and brick rubbles, the two major stony constituents of CDW, should be separated from each other. Based on the differences in density and content of Fe-2O-3 between the two materials, a wet method of jigging and a dry method of magnetic separation are effective,tested.展开更多
We reference the tunneling Hamiltonian to have particle tunneling among different states represented as wave-functions. Our problem applies wave-functionals to a driven sine-Gordon system. We apply the tunneling Hamil...We reference the tunneling Hamiltonian to have particle tunneling among different states represented as wave-functions. Our problem applies wave-functionals to a driven sine-Gordon system. We apply the tunneling Hamiltonian to charge density wave (CDW) transport problems where we consider tunneling among states that are wave-functionals of a scalar quantum field, i.e. derived I-E curves that match Zenier curves used to fit data experimentally with wave-functionals congruent with the false vacuum hypothesis. The open question is whether the coefficients picked in both wave-functionals and the magnitude of the coefficients of the driven sine-Gordon physical system are picked by topological charge arguments that appear to assign values consistent with the false vacuum hypothesis. Crucial results by Fred Cooper et al. allow a mature quantum foam interpretation of false vacuum nucleation for further refinement of our wave-functional results. In doing so, we give credence to topological arguments as a first order phase transition in CDW I-E curves.展开更多
The operation of reinforced concrete structures is directly associated with the adhesion between the steel bar and the concrete,which allows the internal forces to be transferred to the reinforcement during the ...The operation of reinforced concrete structures is directly associated with the adhesion between the steel bar and the concrete,which allows the internal forces to be transferred to the reinforcement during the process of loading the structural elements.The modification of the concrete composition,with the introduction of recycled aggregate from construction and demolition waste(CDW),affects the steel-concrete interface and can modify the bonding stress,which is also influenced by the type and diameter of the bar used.In this work,the influence of the recycled fine aggregate(RFA)and types of steel bar on the steel-concrete bond was experimentally evaluated using the pullout test.Conventional concrete and recycled concrete,with RFA replacement level of 25%,were produced.Two types of steel rebars(i.e.,plain and deformed)with diameters of 10.0 and 16.0 mm were considered in this paper.The results indicate a reduction in the adhesion stress with the introduction of recycled aggregate,but this trend is influenced by the diameter of the bar used.The use of ribbed bars modifies the stress bon-slip behavior,with an increase in the average bond strength,which is also observed with the reduction of the diameter of the bar.展开更多
文摘In the Temperature-Pressure phase diagram, the quasi-one-dimensional conductor, HMTSF-TCNQ, the ground state at ambient pressure is an insulator of charge density wave (CDW) below 30 K, while it shows a good metallic nature at higher temperature. The CDW insulating state is suppressed by a pressure of 1 GPa, which is considered to be a quantum critical point. Neither at 0 - 0.5 nor 2 GPa but only around this critical point in pressure, field-induced phases appear from 0.2 T through 10 T, where Rxy is almost constant and Rxx is very low. These phenomena are achieved when the magnetic field is applied along the least conducting axis. The behaviors are consistent with a kind of Quantum Hall Effect (QHE). The field-induce phase accompanied by the QHE might be the field-induced CDW (FICDW) similar to that of FISDW, observed in (TMTSF)2X salts. This paper presents the latest result of the Hall effects reviewing the history of the authors’ work on this material from preliminary to the latest ones.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2011CBA00111the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No U1332143
文摘The effect of an external magnetic field on the structural and magnetic properties of bond frustrated ZnCr2 Se4 at low temperatures is investigated using magnetization, dielectric constants and thermal conductivity experiments. With an increase in the magnetic field H, the antiferromagnetic transition temperature TN is observed to shift progressively toward lower temperatures. The corresponding high temperature cubic （Fd3m） to low temperature tetragonal （I41amd） structural transition is tuned simultaneously due to the inherent strong spin-lattice coupling. In the antiferromagnetic phase, an anomaly at Hc2 defined as a steep downward peak in the derivative of the M-H curve is dearly drawn. It is found that TN versus H and Hc2 versus T exhibit a consistent tendency, indicative of a field-induced tetragonal （I41amd） to cubic （Fd3m） structural transition. The transition is further substantiated by the field-dependent dielectric constant and thermal conductivity measurements. We modify the T-H phase diagram, highlighting the coexistence of the paramagnetic state and ferromagnetic clusters between 100K and TN.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41721005the Fund of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China under contract Nos IRASCC 02-01-01 and 01-01-02C.
文摘Nitrification,a central process in the marine nitrogen cycle,produces regenerated nitrate in the euphotic zone and emits N_(2)O,a potent greenhouse gas as a by-product.The regulatory mechanisms of nitrification in the Southern Ocean,which is a critical region for CO_(2)sequestration and radiative benefits,remain poorly understood.Here,we investigated the in situ and dark nitrification rates in the upper 500 m and conducted substrate kinetics experiments across the Indian Sector in the Cosmonaut and Cooperation seas in the late austral summer.Our findings indicate that light inhibition of nitrification decreases exponentially with depth,exhibiting a light threshold of 0.53%photosynthetically active radiation.A positive relationship between dark nitrification and apparent oxygen utilization suggests a dependence on substrate availability from primary production.Importantly,an increased NH_(4)^(+) supply can act as a buffer against photo-inhibitory damage.Globally,substrate affinity(α)increases with depth and transitions from light to dark,decreases with increasing ambient NH_(4)^(+)and exhibits a latitudinal distribution,reflecting substrate utilization strategies.We also reveal that upwelling in Circumpolar Deep Water(CDW)stimulates nitrification through the introduction of potentially higher iron and deep diverse nitrifying microorganisms with higherα.We conclude that although light is the primary limiting factor for nitrification in summer,coupling between substrate availability and CDW upwelling can overcome this limitation,thereby alleviating photoinhibition by up to 45%±5.3%.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3600400)Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Project(2020ZZ113 and 2021ZZ130)。
文摘CdSe quantum-dot(QD)film,as the core function layer,plays a key role in various optoelectronic devices.The thickness uniformity of QD films is one of the key factors to determine the overall photoelectric performance.Therefore,it is important to obtain the thickness distribution of large-area QD films.However,it is difficult for traditional methods to quickly get the information related to its thickness distribution without introducing additional damage.In this paper,a non-contact and non-destructive inspection method for in-situ detecting the thickness uniformity of CdSe QD film is proposed.The principle behind this in-situ inspection method is that the photoluminescence quenching phenomenon of the QD film would occur under a high electric field,and the degree of photoluminescence quenching is related to the thickness of the quantum dot films.Photoluminescence images of the same QD film without and with an electric field are recorded by a charge-coupled device camera,respectively.By transforming the brightness distribution of these two images,we can intuitively see the thickness information of the thin film array of QD.The proposed method provides a meaningful inspection for the manufacture of QD based lightemitting display.
文摘As the climate change signs become more noticeable, the concern to prioritize sustainability within the AEC industry intensifies. This particularly pertained to issues related to the demand of resources, the excessive consumption of raw materials, and the associated generated waste. Presently, the construction industry is ranked among the industries that are accountable for the global generation of solid waste and energy consumption, leading to detrimental environmental effects. Nonetheless, over the years, construction methods, technological innovations, and building practices have made considerable progress, influenced by a growing emphasis on sustainability, especially in energy conservation and in adopting the Industrialized Production layer of Construction 4.0 (i.e., modular prefabrication, 3D concrete printing, and BIM). The concept of Circular Economy (CE) has been identified as a potential solution to achieve sustainability in building construction through the design, construction, and end-of-life deconstruction processes that enhance the management of waste based on the framework that is related to reducing, reusing, and recycling. Moreover, information and data related to geolocation complement advanced digital technologies by providing a collaborative platform that supports the application of CE as a practical approach to sustainability. Thus, this study will provide a straightforward methodology for developing a model that integrates BIM and sustainable design with Circular Economy’s concept to enhance the sustainability of construction projects to minimize their waste based on various construction methods (i.e., conventional, modular, and 3D concrete printing). The proposed model interrelates tools and data for the evaluation and planning strategies for the construction and deconstruction waste (CDW) management at the design stage, including estimating the quantities of the wasted materials, quantifying the production rates of selected equipment for the waste handling (loading and hauling) at the various stages of a project as well their associated cost. The proposed model will help users to calculate the quantity of construction and deconstruction waste (CDW) during the design of buildings based on their different construction methods at the early stage by using the concept of Design for Deconstruction (DfD);sustainable construction methods;and deconstruction process for waste management, which will lead to the suitable construction method.
文摘AIM: TO study the expression of CDw75 in patients with gastric carcinoma and to correlate CDw75 expression with progression of the tumor. METHODS: Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression of CDw75 in 72 cases of the gastric carcinoma and adjacent normal gastric mucosa, and the percentage of the cells positively stained with CDw75 was calculated using a computer-aided microscopic image analysis system. RESULTS: CDw75 was not expressed in normal gastric mucosa but detected in 37 of the 72 neoplastic gastric lesions. The expression of CDw75 was associated with the tumor progression as indicated by its close correlation with the depth of the tumor infiltration (X^2=18.415, P<0.01), TNM stage (X^2=10.419, P<0.05) and lymph node metastasis (X^2=6.675, P<0.01). The overall survival rate of the patients with positive CDw75 expression (32.4%) was significantly lower than that of the patients without CDw75 expression (71.4%) (P<0.01). There was no significant correlation between the expression of CDw75 and the sex and age and histological type of patients (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the expression of CDw75 is a significant histopathological marker for more advanced stage of gastric carcinoma and indicates a poor prognosis for the patients.
文摘目的:探讨CDw75(cluster of differentiation antigen 75)在大肠癌组织中的表达及其和大肠癌浸润、转移和TNM分期等病理特征之间的关系。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测CDw75抗原在61例大肠癌组织和30例相应正常大肠黏膜组织中的表达,计算阳性细胞的百分率。结果:CDw75在30例正常大肠黏膜中均阴性表达,在61例大肠癌组织中有30例阳性表达。CDw75表达阳性多见于肿瘤直径≥5cm、浸润深度较深、伴淋巴结转移和远处转移及TNMⅢ+Ⅳ期的大肠癌。结论:大肠癌组织中CDw75抗原的表达可作为大肠黏膜恶性转化的一个标志物,并可能用于判断大肠癌的恶性生物学行为。
文摘Worldwide construction and demolition waste (CDW) is currently dumped. To close the building cycle and the building materials cycle by recycling CDW in high technical applications, the technical quality of stony materials must be improved. For this purpose, concrete rubbles and brick rubbles, the two major stony constituents of CDW, should be separated from each other. Based on the differences in density and content of Fe-2O-3 between the two materials, a wet method of jigging and a dry method of magnetic separation are effective,tested.
文摘We reference the tunneling Hamiltonian to have particle tunneling among different states represented as wave-functions. Our problem applies wave-functionals to a driven sine-Gordon system. We apply the tunneling Hamiltonian to charge density wave (CDW) transport problems where we consider tunneling among states that are wave-functionals of a scalar quantum field, i.e. derived I-E curves that match Zenier curves used to fit data experimentally with wave-functionals congruent with the false vacuum hypothesis. The open question is whether the coefficients picked in both wave-functionals and the magnitude of the coefficients of the driven sine-Gordon physical system are picked by topological charge arguments that appear to assign values consistent with the false vacuum hypothesis. Crucial results by Fred Cooper et al. allow a mature quantum foam interpretation of false vacuum nucleation for further refinement of our wave-functional results. In doing so, we give credence to topological arguments as a first order phase transition in CDW I-E curves.
基金The authors would like to thank the CAPES which sponsored the first author.
文摘The operation of reinforced concrete structures is directly associated with the adhesion between the steel bar and the concrete,which allows the internal forces to be transferred to the reinforcement during the process of loading the structural elements.The modification of the concrete composition,with the introduction of recycled aggregate from construction and demolition waste(CDW),affects the steel-concrete interface and can modify the bonding stress,which is also influenced by the type and diameter of the bar used.In this work,the influence of the recycled fine aggregate(RFA)and types of steel bar on the steel-concrete bond was experimentally evaluated using the pullout test.Conventional concrete and recycled concrete,with RFA replacement level of 25%,were produced.Two types of steel rebars(i.e.,plain and deformed)with diameters of 10.0 and 16.0 mm were considered in this paper.The results indicate a reduction in the adhesion stress with the introduction of recycled aggregate,but this trend is influenced by the diameter of the bar used.The use of ribbed bars modifies the stress bon-slip behavior,with an increase in the average bond strength,which is also observed with the reduction of the diameter of the bar.
