Duck circovirus （DuCV）, a potential immunosuppressive virus, was investigated in Southern China from March 2006 to December 2009 by using a polymerase chain reaction （PCR） based method. In this study, a total of 1...Duck circovirus （DuCV）, a potential immunosuppressive virus, was investigated in Southern China from March 2006 to December 2009 by using a polymerase chain reaction （PCR） based method. In this study, a total of 138 sick or dead duck samples from 18 different farms were examined with an average DuCV infection rate of-35%. It was found that ducks between the ages of 40~60 days were more susceptible to DuCV. There was no evidence showing that the DuCV virus was capable of vertical transmission. Farms with positive PCR results exhibited no regularly apparent clinical abnormalities such as feathering disorders, growth retardation or lower-than-average weight. The complete genomes of 91 strains from Fujian Province and 1 from Zhejiang Province were sequenced and analyzed. The 10 DuCV genomes, comlbared with others genomes downloaded from GenBank, ranged in size from 1988 to 1996 base pairs, with sequence identities ranging from 83.2% to 99.8%. Phylogenetic analysis based on genome sequences demonstrated that DuCVs can be divided into two distinct genetic genotypes, Group I （the Euro-USA lineage） and Group II（the Taiwan lineage）, with approximately 10.0% genetic difference between the two types. Molecular epidemiological data suggest there is no obvious difference among DuCV strains isolated from different geographic locations or different species, including Duck, Muscovy duck, Mule duck, Cheery duck, Mulard duck and Pekin duck.展开更多
Carbon monoxide （CO） is an odorless, colorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbonbased compounds. Exposure to CO can cause various adverse health effects ranging from headache and fatigue to coma and de...Carbon monoxide （CO） is an odorless, colorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbonbased compounds. Exposure to CO can cause various adverse health effects ranging from headache and fatigue to coma and death. Thousands of illnesses and deaths have been documented through CO poisoning surveillance systems and accident investigations each year.展开更多
Listeria monocytogenes is the pathogen of listeriosis and it causes severe infections like septicemia, encephalitis, and meningitis, especially in immunocompromised individuals, newborns, and pregnant women. Its wide ...Listeria monocytogenes is the pathogen of listeriosis and it causes severe infections like septicemia, encephalitis, and meningitis, especially in immunocompromised individuals, newborns, and pregnant women. Its wide distribution in the environment and ability to survive or even grow under adverse conditions has made L. monocytogenes an important public health concern and in food industry.展开更多
Epidemiological investigation of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep were conducted in Haiyan and Guinan counties, and samples were collected for laboratory detection, to understand the incidence range and damage degre...Epidemiological investigation of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep were conducted in Haiyan and Guinan counties, and samples were collected for laboratory detection, to understand the incidence range and damage degree of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep in Qinghai Province. The result will provide technical support for preparation of scientific prevention and control measures against Chlamydia in Qinghai Province.展开更多
Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried o...Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried out and response measures implemented in the event of any death from human rabies. However, the quality of these investigations does not always allow the adoption of response measures. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reports of epidemiological investigations and response actions carried out during the occurrence of human rabies deaths from 2016 to 2018. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from April to September 2021 at the National Institute of Public Hygiene and focused on human rabies deaths notified from 206 to 2018. Of sixty-one (61) human rabies deaths recorded, sixty (60) were investigated, among which fifty-nine (59) deaths had been subject to response. Most deaths occurred in rural areas (75%), and the main vector was the dog (98%). Several shortcomings were noted: response actions were not carried out promptly;joint interventions bringing together human and animal health professionals were rare, there was little communication about rabies to communities (36%), and very little vaccination of the vector, the source of the disease (12%);an almost total absence of capacity-building for local players (7%);the health districts of Abobo-Ouest, Bondoukou, Divo and Fresco, which had regularly recorded human rabies deaths, had not benefited from dog vaccination, which is supposed to break the circulation of the virus. The persistence of rabies deaths in the health districts could probably be linked to these shortcomings. Faced with these realities, it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological investigation capacities of the players involved, in order to improve the quality of investigations and ensure an effective response.展开更多
Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried o...Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried out and response measures implemented in the event of any death from human rabies. However, the quality of these investigations does not always allow the adoption of response measures. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reports of epidemiological investigations and response actions carried out during the occurrence of human rabies deaths from 2016 to 2018. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from April to September 2021 at the National Institute of Public Hygiene and focused on human rabies deaths notified from 206 to 2018. Of sixty-one (61) human rabies deaths recorded, sixty (60) were investigated, among which fifty-nine (59) deaths had been subject to response. Most deaths occurred in rural areas (75%), and the main vector was the dog (98%). Several shortcomings were noted: response actions were not carried out promptly;joint interventions bringing together human and animal health professionals were rare, there was little communication about rabies to communities (36%), and very little vaccination of the vector, the source of the disease (12%);an almost total absence of capacity-building for local players (7%);the health districts of Abobo-Ouest, Bondoukou, Divo and Fresco, which had regularly recorded human rabies deaths, had not benefited from dog vaccination, which is supposed to break the circulation of the virus. The persistence of rabies deaths in the health districts could probably be linked to these shortcomings. Faced with these realities, it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological investigation capacities of the players involved, in order to improve the quality of investigations and ensure an effective response.展开更多
Objective: To study epidemiological characteristics of the military training injuries (MTI) during parachuting training of the air force and sea training of the navy. Methods:The subjects of this study were 1382, incl...Objective: To study epidemiological characteristics of the military training injuries (MTI) during parachuting training of the air force and sea training of the navy. Methods:The subjects of this study were 1382, including 971 navy soldiers (300 recruits and 671 soldiers) and 411 for force recruits. Navy: Each of injured soldiers was investigated by the trained battalion surgeon; Air force: When the parachuting training finished , two doctors in specific field screened and investigated them one by one. Results: The incidence of injury in for force recruits was 16.3% and in navy recruits was 18. 7%. The incidence of navy soldiers was 5.5%, which was significantly lower than that of navy recruits. There was a peak of incidence in the 2nd training month of navy recruits. The peak of incidence of navy soldiers was in 1st training month. The incidence of air force maintained at a high level except 2nd training month. The incidences of lower legs and ankles were higher than those of other sites in navy with percentage of 42.9% and 17.9% respectively. The incidences of ankles and lumbar region were higher than those of other sites in air force with percentage of 26.9% and 23.9% respectively. Incidence of acute traumatic injuries was highest during special course. Conclusion: The result showed the incidence of injury in sea and parachuting training varied. Different preventive measures should be adopted during special training.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the filarial epidemiology in 16 foothill villages around Susunia hill,Bankura district, West Bengal,India.Indices studied were microfilaria rate,mean microfilarial density,filarial disease rat...Objective:To investigate the filarial epidemiology in 16 foothill villages around Susunia hill,Bankura district, West Bengal,India.Indices studied were microfilaria rate,mean microfilarial density,filarial disease rate and endemicity rate.Other indices related to transmission were incrimination of vector species,man-hour density of the vector,vector infection and infectivity rates,human blood index of the vector etc.Methods:Examination of 20μL night blood samples by finger prick and clinical examination for filarial diseases of 3 737 people(2 241 male and 1 496 female) was done randomly covering nearly 22%population of the study area.Aspects related to vectors were dealt by regular collection and dissection of mosquitoes.Results:Overall microfilaria rate,mean microfilarial density,disease rate and endemicity rate were 6.10%,10.86%,20.20%and 25.58%,respectively. Causative parasite was identified as Wuchereria bancrofii and Culex quinquefasciatus was incriminated as the vector therein.Vector infection rate,infectivity rate and human blood index were assessed to be 6. 31%,1.38%and 77.33%,respectively.Conclusion:Present study is highly endemic for bancroftian filariasis. More than one fourth of the population under study were filarial victims indicating an overall alarming situation and immediate measure should be taken to rectify the situation.展开更多
Background:Shanghai had a local outbreak of COVID-19 from January 21 to 24.Timely and precise strategies were taken to prevent further spread of the disease.We discussed and shared the experience of COVID-19 containme...Background:Shanghai had a local outbreak of COVID-19 from January 21 to 24.Timely and precise strategies were taken to prevent further spread of the disease.We discussed and shared the experience of COVID-19 containment in Shanghai.Process:The first two patients worked at two hospitals but no staff from the two hospitals were infected.展开更多
Bordetella bronchiseptica(Bb)is recognized as a leading cause of respiratory diseases in dogs and cats.However,epidemiological data on Bb in dogs and cats in China are still limited,and there is no commercially availa...Bordetella bronchiseptica(Bb)is recognized as a leading cause of respiratory diseases in dogs and cats.However,epidemiological data on Bb in dogs and cats in China are still limited,and there is no commercially available vaccine.Live vaccines containing Bb that are widely used abroad are generally efective but can establish latency and potentially reactivate to cause illness in some immunodefcient vaccinated recipients,raising safety concerns.In this study,34 canine-derived and two feline-derived Bb strains were isolated from 1809 canine and 113 feline nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from eight provinces in China from 2021 to 2023.The PCR results showed that the percentage of positive Bb was 22.94%(441/1922),and more than 90%of the Bb isolates had four virulence factor-encoding genes(VFGs),namely,fhaB,prn,betA and dnt.All the isolated strains displayed a multidrug-resistant phenotype.The virulence of 10 Bb strains isolated from dogs with respiratory symptoms was tested in mice,and we found that eight isolates were highly virulent.Furthermore,the eight Bb isolates with high virulence were inactivated and intramuscularly injected into mice,and three Bb strains(WH1218,WH1203 and WH1224)with the best protective efcacy were selected.Dogs immunized with these three strains exhibited strong protection against challenge with the Bb feld strain WH1218.Ultimately,the WH1218 strain with the greatest protection in dogs was selected as the vaccine candidate.Dogs and cats that received a vaccine containing 109 CFU of the inactivated WH1218 strain showed complete protection against challenge with the Bb feld strain WH1218.This study revealed that Bb is an important pathogen that causes respiratory diseases in domestic dogs and cats in China,and all the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance.The present work contributes to the current understanding of the prevalence,antimicrobial resistance,and virulence genes of Bb in domestic dogs and cats.Additionally,our results suggest that the WH1218 strain is a promising candidate safe and efcacious inactivated Bb vaccine.展开更多
The canine parvovirus disease is an acute infectious disease caused by canine parvovirus(CPV). It is clinically characterized by severe vomiting,hemorrhagic enteritis,significant reduction in white blood cells and myo...The canine parvovirus disease is an acute infectious disease caused by canine parvovirus(CPV). It is clinically characterized by severe vomiting,hemorrhagic enteritis,significant reduction in white blood cells and myocarditis. The disease with high incidence,highly infectious and high mortality has become one of the serious infectious diseases threatening dog raising industry in China. In this research,260 cases of canine parvovirus case from an Aite Pet Clinic in Taizhou City during January 2010 and March 2011 were analyzed. This study discloses the epidemiology of CPV in Taizhou region of Jiangsu Province,i. e.,the incidence of CPV and canine motility are closely correlated with age,breed,immune inoculation and season. This study provides useful guide for the clinical treatment of CPV in the future.展开更多
Background:To secure the gains of lymphatic filariasis(LF)elimination programs,attention is needed to the Yesidual microfilaremia phase;in which high-risk populations may be crucial.The present study documents the imp...Background:To secure the gains of lymphatic filariasis(LF)elimination programs,attention is needed to the Yesidual microfilaremia phase;in which high-risk populations may be crucial.The present study documents the impact of mass drug administration(MDA)in the urban Indian setting of Surat City,with high rates of in-migration.展开更多
基金Modern Agri-industry Technology Research System(CARS-43)Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Fujian Academy of Agriculture Science(STIF-02)Science and Technology Innovation Foundation for Young Scientists of Fujian Academy of Agriculture Science(2008QB-6)
文摘Duck circovirus （DuCV）, a potential immunosuppressive virus, was investigated in Southern China from March 2006 to December 2009 by using a polymerase chain reaction （PCR） based method. In this study, a total of 138 sick or dead duck samples from 18 different farms were examined with an average DuCV infection rate of-35%. It was found that ducks between the ages of 40~60 days were more susceptible to DuCV. There was no evidence showing that the DuCV virus was capable of vertical transmission. Farms with positive PCR results exhibited no regularly apparent clinical abnormalities such as feathering disorders, growth retardation or lower-than-average weight. The complete genomes of 91 strains from Fujian Province and 1 from Zhejiang Province were sequenced and analyzed. The 10 DuCV genomes, comlbared with others genomes downloaded from GenBank, ranged in size from 1988 to 1996 base pairs, with sequence identities ranging from 83.2% to 99.8%. Phylogenetic analysis based on genome sequences demonstrated that DuCVs can be divided into two distinct genetic genotypes, Group I （the Euro-USA lineage） and Group II（the Taiwan lineage）, with approximately 10.0% genetic difference between the two types. Molecular epidemiological data suggest there is no obvious difference among DuCV strains isolated from different geographic locations or different species, including Duck, Muscovy duck, Mule duck, Cheery duck, Mulard duck and Pekin duck.
基金supported by the Medicine and Technology Development Plan Project of Shandong Province(2016WS0119)
文摘Carbon monoxide （CO） is an odorless, colorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbonbased compounds. Exposure to CO can cause various adverse health effects ranging from headache and fatigue to coma and death. Thousands of illnesses and deaths have been documented through CO poisoning surveillance systems and accident investigations each year.
文摘Listeria monocytogenes is the pathogen of listeriosis and it causes severe infections like septicemia, encephalitis, and meningitis, especially in immunocompromised individuals, newborns, and pregnant women. Its wide distribution in the environment and ability to survive or even grow under adverse conditions has made L. monocytogenes an important public health concern and in food industry.
文摘Epidemiological investigation of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep were conducted in Haiyan and Guinan counties, and samples were collected for laboratory detection, to understand the incidence range and damage degree of chlamydia in yak and Tibetan sheep in Qinghai Province. The result will provide technical support for preparation of scientific prevention and control measures against Chlamydia in Qinghai Province.
文摘Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried out and response measures implemented in the event of any death from human rabies. However, the quality of these investigations does not always allow the adoption of response measures. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reports of epidemiological investigations and response actions carried out during the occurrence of human rabies deaths from 2016 to 2018. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from April to September 2021 at the National Institute of Public Hygiene and focused on human rabies deaths notified from 206 to 2018. Of sixty-one (61) human rabies deaths recorded, sixty (60) were investigated, among which fifty-nine (59) deaths had been subject to response. Most deaths occurred in rural areas (75%), and the main vector was the dog (98%). Several shortcomings were noted: response actions were not carried out promptly;joint interventions bringing together human and animal health professionals were rare, there was little communication about rabies to communities (36%), and very little vaccination of the vector, the source of the disease (12%);an almost total absence of capacity-building for local players (7%);the health districts of Abobo-Ouest, Bondoukou, Divo and Fresco, which had regularly recorded human rabies deaths, had not benefited from dog vaccination, which is supposed to break the circulation of the virus. The persistence of rabies deaths in the health districts could probably be linked to these shortcomings. Faced with these realities, it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological investigation capacities of the players involved, in order to improve the quality of investigations and ensure an effective response.
文摘Rabies is an infectious disease that almost always leads to death as soon as the first signs appear, and is still endemic in several regions, including Côte d’Ivoire. Epidemiological investigations are carried out and response measures implemented in the event of any death from human rabies. However, the quality of these investigations does not always allow the adoption of response measures. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reports of epidemiological investigations and response actions carried out during the occurrence of human rabies deaths from 2016 to 2018. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from April to September 2021 at the National Institute of Public Hygiene and focused on human rabies deaths notified from 206 to 2018. Of sixty-one (61) human rabies deaths recorded, sixty (60) were investigated, among which fifty-nine (59) deaths had been subject to response. Most deaths occurred in rural areas (75%), and the main vector was the dog (98%). Several shortcomings were noted: response actions were not carried out promptly;joint interventions bringing together human and animal health professionals were rare, there was little communication about rabies to communities (36%), and very little vaccination of the vector, the source of the disease (12%);an almost total absence of capacity-building for local players (7%);the health districts of Abobo-Ouest, Bondoukou, Divo and Fresco, which had regularly recorded human rabies deaths, had not benefited from dog vaccination, which is supposed to break the circulation of the virus. The persistence of rabies deaths in the health districts could probably be linked to these shortcomings. Faced with these realities, it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological investigation capacities of the players involved, in order to improve the quality of investigations and ensure an effective response.
文摘Objective: To study epidemiological characteristics of the military training injuries (MTI) during parachuting training of the air force and sea training of the navy. Methods:The subjects of this study were 1382, including 971 navy soldiers (300 recruits and 671 soldiers) and 411 for force recruits. Navy: Each of injured soldiers was investigated by the trained battalion surgeon; Air force: When the parachuting training finished , two doctors in specific field screened and investigated them one by one. Results: The incidence of injury in for force recruits was 16.3% and in navy recruits was 18. 7%. The incidence of navy soldiers was 5.5%, which was significantly lower than that of navy recruits. There was a peak of incidence in the 2nd training month of navy recruits. The peak of incidence of navy soldiers was in 1st training month. The incidence of air force maintained at a high level except 2nd training month. The incidences of lower legs and ankles were higher than those of other sites in navy with percentage of 42.9% and 17.9% respectively. The incidences of ankles and lumbar region were higher than those of other sites in air force with percentage of 26.9% and 23.9% respectively. Incidence of acute traumatic injuries was highest during special course. Conclusion: The result showed the incidence of injury in sea and parachuting training varied. Different preventive measures should be adopted during special training.
文摘Objective:To investigate the filarial epidemiology in 16 foothill villages around Susunia hill,Bankura district, West Bengal,India.Indices studied were microfilaria rate,mean microfilarial density,filarial disease rate and endemicity rate.Other indices related to transmission were incrimination of vector species,man-hour density of the vector,vector infection and infectivity rates,human blood index of the vector etc.Methods:Examination of 20μL night blood samples by finger prick and clinical examination for filarial diseases of 3 737 people(2 241 male and 1 496 female) was done randomly covering nearly 22%population of the study area.Aspects related to vectors were dealt by regular collection and dissection of mosquitoes.Results:Overall microfilaria rate,mean microfilarial density,disease rate and endemicity rate were 6.10%,10.86%,20.20%and 25.58%,respectively. Causative parasite was identified as Wuchereria bancrofii and Culex quinquefasciatus was incriminated as the vector therein.Vector infection rate,infectivity rate and human blood index were assessed to be 6. 31%,1.38%and 77.33%,respectively.Conclusion:Present study is highly endemic for bancroftian filariasis. More than one fourth of the population under study were filarial victims indicating an overall alarming situation and immediate measure should be taken to rectify the situation.
文摘Background:Shanghai had a local outbreak of COVID-19 from January 21 to 24.Timely and precise strategies were taken to prevent further spread of the disease.We discussed and shared the experience of COVID-19 containment in Shanghai.Process:The first two patients worked at two hospitals but no staff from the two hospitals were infected.
基金the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(2020B0301030007).
文摘Bordetella bronchiseptica(Bb)is recognized as a leading cause of respiratory diseases in dogs and cats.However,epidemiological data on Bb in dogs and cats in China are still limited,and there is no commercially available vaccine.Live vaccines containing Bb that are widely used abroad are generally efective but can establish latency and potentially reactivate to cause illness in some immunodefcient vaccinated recipients,raising safety concerns.In this study,34 canine-derived and two feline-derived Bb strains were isolated from 1809 canine and 113 feline nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from eight provinces in China from 2021 to 2023.The PCR results showed that the percentage of positive Bb was 22.94%(441/1922),and more than 90%of the Bb isolates had four virulence factor-encoding genes(VFGs),namely,fhaB,prn,betA and dnt.All the isolated strains displayed a multidrug-resistant phenotype.The virulence of 10 Bb strains isolated from dogs with respiratory symptoms was tested in mice,and we found that eight isolates were highly virulent.Furthermore,the eight Bb isolates with high virulence were inactivated and intramuscularly injected into mice,and three Bb strains(WH1218,WH1203 and WH1224)with the best protective efcacy were selected.Dogs immunized with these three strains exhibited strong protection against challenge with the Bb feld strain WH1218.Ultimately,the WH1218 strain with the greatest protection in dogs was selected as the vaccine candidate.Dogs and cats that received a vaccine containing 109 CFU of the inactivated WH1218 strain showed complete protection against challenge with the Bb feld strain WH1218.This study revealed that Bb is an important pathogen that causes respiratory diseases in domestic dogs and cats in China,and all the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance.The present work contributes to the current understanding of the prevalence,antimicrobial resistance,and virulence genes of Bb in domestic dogs and cats.Additionally,our results suggest that the WH1218 strain is a promising candidate safe and efcacious inactivated Bb vaccine.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Special Fund for Veterinary Public Health Security and Management Innovation Team of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project(ASTIP-IAS11)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2012AA101302)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303042)
文摘The canine parvovirus disease is an acute infectious disease caused by canine parvovirus(CPV). It is clinically characterized by severe vomiting,hemorrhagic enteritis,significant reduction in white blood cells and myocarditis. The disease with high incidence,highly infectious and high mortality has become one of the serious infectious diseases threatening dog raising industry in China. In this research,260 cases of canine parvovirus case from an Aite Pet Clinic in Taizhou City during January 2010 and March 2011 were analyzed. This study discloses the epidemiology of CPV in Taizhou region of Jiangsu Province,i. e.,the incidence of CPV and canine motility are closely correlated with age,breed,immune inoculation and season. This study provides useful guide for the clinical treatment of CPV in the future.
文摘Background:To secure the gains of lymphatic filariasis(LF)elimination programs,attention is needed to the Yesidual microfilaremia phase;in which high-risk populations may be crucial.The present study documents the impact of mass drug administration(MDA)in the urban Indian setting of Surat City,with high rates of in-migration.
