Does financial development moderate the link between technological innovation and environmental indicators?An advanced panel analysis

This study analyzes the role of financial development(FD)on the impact of technologi-cal innovation(TI)on six environmental quality indicators for the 25 economies that are part of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development for the period from 2000 to 2019.We use a two-step dynamic generalized method of moments approach to understand this relationship.The results show that FD augments the posi-tive effects of TI on four of the six environmental indicators,namely ecological foot-print,adjusted net savings,pressure on nature,and environmental performance.However,no significant effects on environmental sustainability and environmental vulnerability indices were found.When considering all of the environmental quality indicators,TI appears to enhance environmental quality.We find evidence to support the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve in the context of each environmen-tal indicator and economic growth.Moreover,FD and energy consumption appear to accelerate environmental degradation.Based on these results,FD should be viewed as an important parameter in designing policies for innovation to achieve the goal of net-zero carbon emissions.Highlights.Technological innovation and environmental quality nexus is studied.The moderating role of financial development is analyzed.Six different environmental quality indicators are used for OECD countries.Financial development intensifies the environmental benefits of innovation.•The EKC hypothesis is confirmed for all six environmental indicators.

Nexus between financial innovation and economic growth in South Asia: evidence from ARDL and nonlinear ARDL approaches

This study examined the relationship between financial innovation and economic growth in Bangladesh,India,Pakistan,and Sri Lanka for the period Q11975 to Q42016.The autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL)bounds test was used to gauge long-run relationships,and the nonlinear ARDL(NARDL)test was used to explore asymmetry between financial innovation and economic growth in the sample of Asian countries.The findings from the bounds tests revealed long-run cointegration between financial innovation and economic growth in the sample countries.Furthermore,NARDL confirmed that positive changes in financial innovation linked positively with economic growth and vice versa in the long run.In the short run,however,the study found mixed behaviors in the case of positive and negative changes in financial innovation.To investigate directional causality,the Granger causality test under an error correction model was employed.The Granger causality results supported the feedback hypothesis in both the long run and short run.Thus,financial innovation boosts economic growth in the long run by stimulating financial service expansion,financial efficiency,capital accumulation,and efficient financial intermediation,which are essential for sustainable economic growth.

Financial innovation and economic growth in Bangladesh

Background:This study provides evidence for the financial innovation in the financial system that resulted in the economic growth of Bangladesh from 1980-2016.Methods:To capture the influence of financial innovation on economic growth,we estimated the long-run cointegration by applying Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ARDL)bound testing and Granger causality-based Error Correction Model(ECM)to capture the directional association.Results:The Test of Cointegration satisfied the existence of a long-run association between economic growth and the financial innovation proxies,which were the Domestic Credit to the Private Sector(DCB)as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product and the Broad-to-Narrow Money(M2/M1)as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product.Our results showed that in the long run,credit circulation to the private sector and monetary management play important roles in economic growth.We also found that the coefficients of the financial innovation proxy variables were positive and statistically significant both in the short run and long run.We also ran Granger causality tests to investigate the directional effect.This study confirmed the feedback causality between the economic growth and 2 proxies of financial innovation in the short and long run.The gross capital formation and trade openness contribute significantly to explaining the economic growth in Bangladesh.Conclusion:The government of Bangladesh should encourage financial innovation in the financial system,especially at financial institutions,so that access to financial services can easily provide for equitable development.The government should also encourage financial innovation in the capital market,which will assist in raising longterm capital for investment and expedite overall economic growth.

Remittances,financial development and economic growth in sub-Saharan African countries:evidence from a PMG-ARDL approach

The study investigated the relationship among remittances,financial development and economic growth in a panel of 20 sub-Saharan African countries over the period of 2000 and 2015.The study used both Pooled Mean Group and Mean Group/ARDL estimations with panel unit root and cointegration tests.After establishing cointegration,remittances and financial development were found to have positive effects on economic growth both in the short and the long run.The interactive term showed that financial development acted as a substitute in the remittances-growth relationship.Finally,unidirectional causal relationships were found to exist from GDP to remittances and from financial development to GDP.However,no causality existed between remittances and financial development in the SSA countries.

Regional Financial Development and Regional Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis of Suzhou City, China

There are many defects in researches on the relationship of the regional financial development (FD) and economic growth of China, such as simply assuming the causality direction, not highlighting financial institution, using incomplete financial indicator, etc. This article, taking Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province, China as a case, builds a simple model to study the level of FD from three aspects of financial scale, structure and institution. Three original indicators of PRIVY (private investment/aggregate investment), DEPTH (aggregate loan/GDP) and FDIVG (FDI/GDP) are used to construct the FD economic indicator through Principal Component Analysis approach. Then we use Granger method to analyze the relationship between the FD and the economic growth of Suzhou. Empirical test results show that the FD of Suzhou is the Granger reason of economic growth, while economic growth is not the reason for FD, because the relationship between the FD and the economic growth of Suzhou is just in the ″supply-leading″ period. In terms of Suzhou experiences, the local government should strengthen the protection of private investment, improve the institutional environment, and establish the reasonable financial structure. So we can concluded that FD could play a great role in promoting economic growth at the economy takeoff stage.

Financial sector development and economic growth:evidence from Cameroon

For decades,African economies have embarked on financial sector reforms.However,the empirical implications of these reforms have been divergent.This paper investigates the impact of financial development on Economic growth using time series data in Cameroon.This investigation was carried out using three common indicators of financial development(broad money,deposit/GDP and domestic credit to private sector).Using the Auto Regressive Distributive Lag(ARDL)technique of estimation,it was discovered that there exist a short-run positive relationship between monetary mass(M2),government expenditure and economic growth,a short run negative relationship between bank deposits,private investment and economic growth equally exists.However in the long run,all indicators of financial development show a positive and significant impact on economic growth.This paper thus confirms the existence of a positive and long-term impact of all the indicators of financial development on economic growth through bound test.It is therefore proposed that the financial reforms in Cameroon should be pushed forward in order to boost the development of the financial sector thus an increase in its role on economic growth.

Exploring the moderating role of financial development in environmental Kuznets curve for South Africa:fresh evidence from the novel dynamic ARDL simulations approach

The extant literature has produced mixed evidence on the relationship between finan-cial development and ecological sustainability.This work addresses this conundrum by investigating financial development’s direct and indirect consequences on ecologi-cal quality utilizing the environmental Kuznets curve(EKC)methodological approach.Our empirical analysis is based on the novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag simulations approach for South Africa between 1960 and 2020.The results,which used five distinct financial development measures,demonstrate that financial develop-ment boosts ecological integrity and environmental sustainability over the long and short terms.In the instance of South Africa,we additionally confirm the validity of the EKC theory.More importantly,the outcomes of the indirect channels demonstrate that financial development increases energy usage’s role in causing pollution while attenuating the detrimental impacts of economic growth,trade openness,and foreign direct investment on ecological quality.Moreover,the presence of an inadequate financial system is a requirement for the basis of the pollution haven hypothesis(PHH),which we examine using trade openness and foreign direct investment variables.PHH for both of these variables disappears when financial development crosses specified thresholds.Finally,industrial value addition destroys ecological quality while tech-nological innovation enhances it.This research provides some crucial policy recom-mendations and fresh perspectives for South Africa as it develops national initiatives to support ecological sustainability and reach its net zero emissions goal.

Overcoming Contradictions Between Growth and Sustainability:Institutional Innovation in the BRICS

The recent accelerated growth rates or efforts to emulate countries that have achieved a rapid pace of economic growth are widely acclaimed as means to uplift millions from poverty. In so doing, however, this rapid economic growth is most likely to coincide with unsustainable levels of consumption, place excessive pressure on life support systems and terrestrial sinks and foreshorten options for the future. Rather than pursuing the "Environmental Kuznets Curve"(EKC) hypothesis that higher income will bring with it the means to reduce the impacts of greater consumption, ecological economists assert that buying our way out of future scarcity with fast growth is indeed contradictory with sustainabil- ity. To better understand these contradictions and explore potential institutional innovations that may enable developing nations to better confront them (in effect,"tunneling under"the EKC), this article refers to recent experience in the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). Beginning with a brief comparative summary of major development and environmental indicators, pressures on resources and society in each of the BRICS are discussed, followed by identification of institutional and policy frameworks each country has evolved to confront the challenges of growth and sustainability. The article closes with general conclusions for further research and information sharing among developing nations.

The Spillover Effect of Innovation on Economic Growth: Leader Effect vs. Peer Effect

Innovation contributes to the long-term economic growth.From the perspective of externality by innovation,this paper disentangles the spillover effect based on the regions’abundance of innovation resource and separately identifies the“leader effect”and“peer effect”of innovation spillover and discusses their economic consequences.Empirical results demonstrate a negative spillover effect from innovation leaders on the economic growth and a positive spillover effect from innovation peers.Robustness checks also support main findings.This study has implication both in the endogenous economic growth theory and industry innovation practice.

Research on the Impact of Financial Development on TFP—— DEA-Malmquist Index and Hansen Threshold Model Based on Panel Data of Shandong Province, China

Shandong’s TFP growth is higher than Chinese average,but the growth rate has slowed in recent years,appearing the phenomenon that the growth momentum of Shandong’s TFP is insufficient.Using DEA-Malmquist Index to measure Shandong’s TFP growth rate,empirical research from the perspective of financial development finds that financial scale,efficiency of financial institutions,fiscal intervention,and scale of foreign capital utilization have significant nonlinear effects on the growth of TFP.Furtherly,through threshold analysis,the efficiency of financial institutions has a significant threshold effect on TFP growth.Financial scale and fiscal intervention are the main core variables that affect the growth of TFP under the threshold effect,and they have the same effect direction on TFP before and after the threshold value.However,the effect intensity of these two core variables on TFP is different.

Financial development during COVID‑19 pandemic:the role of coronavirus testing and functional labs

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in early 2020,known as COVID-19,spread to more than 200 countries and negatively affected the global economic output.Financial activities were primarily depressed,and investors were reluctant to start new financial investments while ongoing projects further declined due to the global lockdown to curb the disease.This study analyzes the money supply reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic using a cross-sectional panel of 115 countries.The study used robust least square regression and innovation accounting techniques to get sound parameter estimates.The results show that COVID-19 infected cases are the main contributing factor that obstructs financial activities and decrease money supply.In contrast,an increasing number of recovered cases and COVID-19 testing capabilities gave investors confidence to increase stock trade across countries.The overall forecast trend shows that COVID-19 infected cases and recovered cases followed the U-shaped trend,while COVID-19 critical cases and reported deaths showed a decreasing trend.Finally,the money supply and testing capacity show a positive trend over a period.The study concludes that financial development can be expanded by increasing the testing capacity and functional labs to identify suspected coronavirus cases globally.

Financial Development,Economic Growth and Adaptive Efficiency:A Comparison between China and Pakistan

The strong economic growth in China is difficult to reconcile with its inefficient financial system. The puzzle of China＇s financial development and growth can be explained through a dynamic criterion of adaptive efficiency, rather than through allocative efficiency. Using the framework of an autoregressive distributed lag model, the present paper tests the hypothesis that the GDP growth rate is dependent on financial development along with other variables in China and Pakistan. The hypothesis cannot be rejected in both cases. However, the results show that economic growth has a negative relationship with credit to the private sector in China. We conclude that financial development is a source of China＇s high growth rate and that the banking system is still under an evolutionary process, involving the pursuit of social objectives instead of the sole objective of profit maximization. Our results provide some implications for other developing countries like Pakistan.

金融开放、融资约束与企业创新投资

金融开放是金融供给侧结构性改革的重要组成部分,其能否改善融资环境、驱动企业创新发展是当前亟待研究的问题。本文使用2007—2020年A股上市企业数据,从跨境资本流动视角检验了金融开放对企业创新投资的影响及作用机制。结果显示,金融开放提升了企业创新投资水平,经过工具变量法、PSM法、Heckman两步法以及一系列稳健性检验之后,结论依然成立。机制检验表明,金融开放通过缓解整体融资约束、降低债权和股权融资成本、增加股权融资规模等路径驱动企业增加创新投资。调节效应分析表明,上述关系在非国有产权、资产规模小、区域金融欠发达以及不具有政治关联的企业中更加明显。进一步研究发现,知识产权保护和信息化水平强化了金融开放对企业创新投资的促进效应,并且金融开放有利于提升企业创新投资的市场绩效和经营绩效。本研究有助于理解金融开放、融资环境改善与企业创新投资之间的内在联系,研究结论对金融开放的政策调整具有启示意义。

金融发展、知识产权保护与企业创新--基于制造业知识产权保护的视角

创新驱动经济高质量发展的过程中,企业是微观基础,金融是推动企业创新的重要力量。文章从知识产权保护的视角研究金融发展与企业创新之间的关系,并选取2013-2019年我国制造业A股上市公司数据进行实证研究。研究结果表明:金融发展对企业创新有稳健的促进作用;增强知识产权保护能提升金融对企业创新的促进作用,主要影响的是企业创新的质量。异质性分析显示,知识产权保护在金融发展和企业创新之间的正向调节作用仅存在于民营企业和国有企业中。研究结论为金融发展和知识产权保护推动制造业企业技术创新提供了有益思考。

新质生产力的理论内涵与实证评估

习近平关于新质生产力的阐释是对马克思主义经典作家生产力理论的继承和发展,是对中国特色社会主义生产力理论的丰富和发展,并汲取新古典经济增长理论成分。该阐释深化了对发展生产力的指导理念、催生动因、主要内容及表征特点的认识。从科技创新、新型劳动者、新型劳动资料、新型劳动对象、要素优化组合五个维度构建新质生产力评价指标体系,并采用熵值法和指数分解法,以Wind数据库中422家深圳上市公司为样本,测度深圳新质生产力发展水平和构成要素特征。结果显示:深圳新质生产力实力指数得分从2016年0.24快速增至2022年0.88,新质生产力发展呈现快速上升态势;剖析其构成要素变化,新型劳动资料指数增速最快并呈现“”型增长态势,新型劳动对象和新型劳动者指数增速紧居其后并呈现“∕”型增长态势,科技创新指数增速较快呈现“√”型增长态势,要素优化组合指数呈现“S”型波动上升态势。深圳新质生产力是由新型劳动资料主导带动、新型劳动对象和新型劳动者主力支撑、科技创新和要素优化组合共同保障发展壮大,且各构成要素在不同时间差异体现新质生产力发展偏向差异。概之,新质生产力已在深圳战略性新兴产业发展中形成并加速成长壮大。

科技金融、经济高质量发展与共同富裕——基于门槛效应的实证分析

科技金融作为促进创新要素深度融合的一种新型经济范式,能够助推经济高质量发展与共同富裕的实现。在理论分析的基础上,运用熵值法计算我国2006—2021年的30个省区市的共同富裕指数与经济高质量发展水平,利用超效率DEA测算科技金融效率值,并采用固定效应和门槛效应模型检验科技金融与共同富裕间的关系,研究表明:科技金融与共同富裕间存在着“U”型关系,0.438为科技金融效率的拐点值;经济高质量发展在科技金融与共同富裕的关系中呈现双门槛效应,当经济高质量发展水平跨越第二门槛值0.155,科技金融对共同富裕的影响由负转正。从优化科技金融投入、加快科技金融产出、提供差异化政策、合理调整产业结构、健全保障机制方面为实现共同富裕提出建议。

数字生态、金融发展与区域创新水平

数字化发展对经济社会产生了巨大影响,催生了新型商业模式。良好的数字生态激发了创新活力,给区域创新带来了根本性变化。基于2013—2020年31个省(区、市)的面板数据,探究数字生态与区域创新水平之间的关系。研究发现:数字生态对区域创新水平存在显著的正向影响,且这一结论在进行了一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立;在考虑区域异质性的情况下,东部地区数字生态对区域创新水平存在显著的正向影响,中部和西部地区数字生态对区域创新水平的影响并不显著;数字生态能通过促进金融市场的高水平发展,进而推动区域创新水平提高。基于研究结论,提出了相应的数字生态发展建议,以期带动区域创新发展。