A generic analysis of English Research Article abstracts and the use of modal verbs for financial economics

This paper is a generic study of schematic structures and the use of modal verbs of 50 English Research Article （RA） abstracts. With Bhatia＇s （1990） model as the framework, three other move patterns were obtained besides the normal move order. The density of modal verbs varies greatly from move to move with significant differences in the frequency of occurrence in different moves. The use of modal verbs is much more move-determined than discipline-determined.

The Construction and Application of Smart Class Teaching with Financial Features:Taking Guangxi University of Finance and Economics as an Example

Under the guidance of Education Informatization 2.0 with the policy background of“prioritizing the development of education,speed up the education modernization,and build an education powerhouse”,major universities have responded to the policy,and built a batch of smart classrooms in line with the development of university teaching,laying a solid foundation for promoting university teaching reformation.The author complied the necessity of smart classroom construction from the theoretical level,as well as the current construction status of the smart classroom at home and abroad,and finally,this paper takes Guangxi University of Finance and Economics as an example to analyze the teaching advantages of the school,how to promote the deep integration of information technology in education and teaching,and put forward a powerful plan for the construction of the smart classroom in school teaching,and the practical application of group discussion in smart classroom as an example to discuss the smart teaching.This kind of classroom teaching will provide a reference for leaders,students and teachers.

Hungarian Economic Policy Measures After the 2008 Financial Crisis

The 1923 Global Economic Crisis （also called ＂The Great Depression＂） that had hit the whole world, caused the economists and politicians to see more clearly. As it has become obvious several times after World War II., deep changes were needed to be done concerning economic processes. In those times, many smaller crises had risen in different countries, affecting their micro-economic structures, however neither of them had such widespread effects as the Global Financial Crisis in 2008, that has struck several economic sectors, most of all, the finance industry. Numerous studies had been carried out, examining the causes and consequences of the 2008 Crisis. In this study the authors will give an organized overview on the circumstances that characterized the outbreak of the crisis, and focus on the impacts of the events, in particular, its effects on Hungary. To manage the crisis, each country used different economic approaches, took different measures, but the main concept, that economic processes needed strict regulations, was globally accepted, or at least, identified. Regulation of the financial sector, more specifically, of accounting standards was and is of paramount importance. At the outbreak of the crisis, Hungarian economy had been in a unique situation, and directly after 2008, Hungarian economic indicators showed a more favorable economic state compared to Western European countries. This has occurred because of the government＇s stabilization fiscal and economic policies in the years preceding the depression, when they had been trying to compensate the financial and economic decisions made during the previous years. But these indicators soon have changed and began to demonstrate a more realistic picture and showed the true economic state of the country. Besides the financial area, the Crisis had affected-on account of foreign currency lending--a wide range of the Hungarian society as well.

Empirical Analysis on the Financial Intermediary Development and the Economic Fluctuation in China

This article analyzes the relationship between financial intermediary development and economic fluctuation in the last 50 years in China. It was found that a steady and long-term relation existed between these two variables, and that different aspects of the development of the financial intermediary system had different effects on the economic fluctuation. The improvement of the intermediary＇s efficiency can repress the economic fluctuation , but the increase of financial intermediaries can intensify the fluctuation. On that basis, some suggestions about the development of the financial intermediary are proposed in this essay.

A Brief Analysis of the Application of Information Technology in Financial and Economic Management

With the rapid development of network technology and information technology,China has successfully entered the information age.The development of information technology has penetrated into various fields and played a role in accelerating the growth of various industries.In the application and innovation of financial and economic management,informatization has not only created greater opportunities for development,but also significant challenges.It is urgent to make effective changes to further promote the development of financial and economic management.Therefore,the focus of this paper is on analyzing the current situation and importance of applying information technology in financial and economic management as well as proposing specific suggestions to assist financial enterprises in improving their information levels and enhancing their market competitiveness.

Corporate Governance Intelligence： Minority Shareholder＇s Aspects （Evidence From Ukraine）

The paper is devoted to the corporate governance intelligence system investigation as the part of the complex stakeholder-related approach to the corporate strategic intelligence system （CSIS）. The special attention is given to the minority shareholders activism in the system of corporate governance. Some existing methods of abusing minority shareholders rights, made by joint-stock companies executives, are generalized. The recommendations for minority shareholder＇s rights protection are given. The necessity for the implementation of the stakeholders-oriented approach for the CSIS creation on the base of companies＇ security principles is substantiated.

The Efficiency of Non-repayable Funding Against Crisis Effects in Romania

The current economical crisis pointed out the gaps and the weak development of the Romanian economical system. If we were to compare the economy of a country to the human body then we would realize that constant and massive loss of ＂blood＂ may eventually lead to collapse of the economical system, which require Romania to speed up financial ＂transfusions＂. In these conditions, the most accessible and inexpensive source of funding is the non-repayable funding that Romanian economy can acquire by the year of 2013. In this paper we analyze the evolution of non-repayable funds allocated to Romania, in terms of those funds for the approved projects （their implementation has not yet started） but also in terms of those contracted projects or in the process of running （in fact representing ＂the necessary＂ amount of money that the Romanian economy needs）. The first part of the paper contains an overview of the situation about the requiring and the absorption of non-repayable funding since 2007 （officially since the crisis emerged in the U.S.） to present, also making an analysis of the influence they had on the Romanian economy. We take into account in this analysis that the effects of the crisis in Romania began to be felt in the second half of 2008, economical politics against crisis were not taken into accounted by this date. In this analysis we started from the assumption that one anti-crisis policy, taken into account by public decision members in Romania, is to increase efficiency and absorption of funds by raising the capacity of the Romanian economical environment for the implementation （and not only the winning ） of these funds. The second part of the paper contains an econometrieal development model which highlights the influence of changing the interest rates and exchange rate on the rate of contracting projects during January 2007-March 2010. The Analysis of the results emphasizes the stronger influence of the changing rate on the approved contracting projects compared with the changing influence of the reference interest rate. Following the results of the analysis we highlight the main reasons for which this economical policy of attracting and using outstanding funding represents until now, a failure more than a success. Also we present these several solutions to increase the volume of financial ＂transfusion＂ with a direct impact on the Romanian economy, arguing that such measures cannot be implemented without real political will from decision-makers in Romania.

The Song Dynasty's Fiscal and Economic Policy and Its Social Economy

The fact that industrial and commercial taxation in the Song dynasty greatly exceeded agricultural taxation was unprecedented in previous dynasties.This is mainly explained by the Song government’s financial and economic policy which was dominated by industrial and commercial taxation,made good use of the laws and characteristics of market relations and the commodity economy in business operations,actively stimulated consumption and was clearly utilitarian.Under this policy,the rulers,in pursuit of huge profits,used state power and mobilized various resources to implement a monopolies system and a commercial tax system,which,in turn,helped develop the commodity money economy,expanded the scale of market exchange and promoted the high degree of development of the commodity economy of the time.The financial and economic policy of the Song dynasty showed the unique advantages of the imperial state’s intervention in the economy.It was this that distinguished the Song dynasty from other dynasties in terms of the prosperity of the commodity and monetary economy.

New ideas on China＇s Foreign Trade Development Strategy

China has been a leader in export strategy since the reform and opening-up for trade. This has played a positive role in economic development, however, since stepping into a large country economy, entering the.WTO and the current development of economic globalization at a rapid rate, the leading export strategy has already been very difficult to adapt to the daily challenges in export because of the constant changes in domestic and international economic environment. In view of this, China should turn its strategy into one of dynamic comparative advantages with a global competitive strategy, in conformity with big country＇s economy in the economic background of globalization.

Abstract of Economic and Financial Events

News from Ministries and CommissionsThe Central Conference on Economic Work was held from December 3rd to 5th in Beijing. Six main tasks in the next year were put forward at the Conference:1. Continuously strengthening and improving the macro-economic regulation and control, so as to ensure the smooth, steady and comparatively rapid economic development;2. Continuously providing greater support to agriculture, rural

Abstract of Economic and Financial Events

News from Ministries and CommissionsMinistry of FinanceReforming the mechanism of export tax refunds.The StateCouncil recently issued the decision on reforming the mecha-nism of export tax refunds,so as to carry out the reform of thecurrent mechanism of export tax refunds.The spccific contentsinclude appropriately Iowering the export tax refunds rate,giv-ing more support from the central financial authorities to theexport tax refunds and setting up the new mechanism of jointlyshouldering the burden of export tax refunds by the central andlocal authorities,etc.Treasury bonds issued.The ninth batch book-entry treasurybonds of 2003 were issued from October 24th to October 30th.They were fifteen-year coupon bonds with fixed interest rate.