The autoionization branching ratios from Eu 4f76p1/26 d [J] autoionizing states to its 4f76s+(9So), 4f76s+(7So), and4f75d+(9Do) final ionic states are investigated with the combination of the three-step laser excitati...The autoionization branching ratios from Eu 4f76p1/26 d [J] autoionizing states to its 4f76s+(9So), 4f76s+(7So), and4f75d+(9Do) final ionic states are investigated with the combination of the three-step laser excitation and the velocity-map imaging technique. These different autoionizing states are excited via 4f76s6d8 DJ [J = 5/2, 7/2, and 9/2] intermediate states, respectively. The experimental photoelectron images are obtained, from which energy distributions of ejected electrons are achieved with the mathematical transformation. Furthermore, the energy dependence of the branching ratio is investigated within the autoionization resonance, by which population inversion is observed as an important characteristic.The J-dependence is also studied systematically. The validity of the well-known isolated core excitation technique used for obtaining the autoionization spectrum is also studied.展开更多
The branching ratios of ions and the angular distributions of electrons ejected from the Eu 4f^76p_(1/2)nd auto-ionizing states are investigated with the velocity-map-imaging technique.To populate the above auto-ion...The branching ratios of ions and the angular distributions of electrons ejected from the Eu 4f^76p_(1/2)nd auto-ionizing states are investigated with the velocity-map-imaging technique.To populate the above auto-ionizing states,the relevant bound Rydberg states have to be detected first.Two new bound Rydberg states are identified in the region between41150 cm^(-1)and 44580 cm^(-1),from which auto-ionization spectra of the Eu 4f^76p_(1/2)nd states are observed with isolated core excitation method.With all preparations above,the branching ratios from the above auto-ionizing states to different final ionic states and the angular distributions of electrons ejected from these processes are measured systematically.Energy dependence of branching ratios and anisotropy parameters within the auto-ionization spectra are carefully analyzed,followed by a qualitative interpretation.展开更多
The photoabsorption and photodissociation of carbon monoxide(CO)in the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region is one of the most important photochemical processes in the interstellar medium,thus it has attracted numerous exper...The photoabsorption and photodissociation of carbon monoxide(CO)in the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region is one of the most important photochemical processes in the interstellar medium,thus it has attracted numerous experimental and theoretical studies.Here,we employed the two-color VUV-VUV laser pump-probe time-slice velocity-map ion imaging method to measure the relative branching ratios[C(3P0)+O(1D)]/{[C(3P0)+O(3P)]+[C(3P0)+O(1D)]}and[C(3P2)+O(1D)]/{[C(3P2)+O(3P)]+[C(3P2)+O(1D)]}in the VUV photoexcitation energy range of 108000-113200 cm^−1.Here,one tunable VUV laser beam is used to excite CO to speci c rovibronic states,and a second independently tunable VUV laser beam is used to state-selectively ionize C(3P0)and C(3P2)for detection.State-selective photoionization through the 1VUV+1UV/visible resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization scheme has greatly enhanced the detection sensitivity,which makes many new weak absorption bands observable in the current study.The branching ratio measurement shows that the spin-forbidden channels C(3P0)+O(1D)and C(3P2)+O(1D)only open at several discrete narrow energy windows.This might be caused by certain accidental resonanceenhanced spin-orbit interactions between the directly excited Rydberg states and valence states of triplet type which nally dissociate into the spin-forbidden channels.展开更多
The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) depends on tumor extension as well as hepatic function.Hepatic functional reserve is recognized as a factor affecting survival in the treatment of HCC;the ChildPugh class...The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) depends on tumor extension as well as hepatic function.Hepatic functional reserve is recognized as a factor affecting survival in the treatment of HCC;the ChildPugh classif ication system is the most extensively used method for assessing hepatic functional reserve in patients with chronic liver disease,using serum albumin level to achieve accurate assessment of the status of protein metabolism.However,insuff icient attention has been given to the status of amino acid(AA) metabolism in chronic liver disease and HCC.Fischer's ratio is the molar ratio of branched-chain AAs(BCAAs:leucine,valine,isoleucine) to aromatic AAs(phenylalanine,tyrosine) and is important for assessing liver metabolism,hepatic functional reserve and the severity of liver dysfunction.Although this ratio is diff icult to determine in clinical situations,BCAAs/tyrosine molar concentration ratio(BTR) has been proposed as a simpler substitute.BTR correlates with various liver function examinations,including markers of hepatic f ibrosis,hepatic blood flow and hepatocyte function,and can thus be considered as reflecting the degree of hepatic impairment.This manuscript examines the literature to clarify whether BTR can serve as a prognostic factor for treatment of HCC.展开更多
The effect of malnutrition on survival in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis has not been well defined. Nutritional intervention with branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) can increase serum albumin concentration ...The effect of malnutrition on survival in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis has not been well defined. Nutritional intervention with branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) can increase serum albumin concentration in patients with decompensated cirrhosis but its effects on survival are unclear. The BCAA to tyrosine ratio (BTR) is a surrogate marker (the normal range of BTR is between 4.41 and 10.05, and a Fischer's ratio of 1.8 corresponds to a BTR of 3.5) in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, and BCAA inhibits hepatic carcinogenesis in patients with compensated cirrhosis. This review discusses data regarding the effect of early administration of BCAA granules based on the ratio of BCAA to BTR on prognosis in patients with cirrhosis.展开更多
This article deals with some properties of Galton-Watson branching processes in varying environments. A necessary and suffcient condition for relative recurrent state is presented, and a series of ratio limit properti...This article deals with some properties of Galton-Watson branching processes in varying environments. A necessary and suffcient condition for relative recurrent state is presented, and a series of ratio limit properties of the transition probabilities are showed.展开更多
The intrinsic product polarization and intramolecular isotope effect of the S(~1D,~3P) + HD reaction have been investigated on both the lowest singlet state(1A) and the triplet state(3A and 3A) potential energy...The intrinsic product polarization and intramolecular isotope effect of the S(~1D,~3P) + HD reaction have been investigated on both the lowest singlet state(1A) and the triplet state(3A and 3A) potential energy surfaces by using quasi-classical trajectory and quantum mechanical methods.The calculations indicate that intramolecular isotope effects are different on the three electronic states.The stereodynamics study shows that the P(θr) distributions,P(φ r) distributions,and polarization-dependent differential cross sections(PDDCSs)(00) are sensitive to mass factor and the product angular momentum vectors are not only aligned but also oriented.展开更多
对以桑枝栽培的榆黄蘑子实体中蛋白质、氨基酸含量及相关指标进行分析和评价,检测得到桑枝榆黄蘑子实体蛋白质含量为26.60 g·100^(-1)·g^(-1),属于高蛋白食品;含有18种氨基酸,种类齐全,较接近FAO/WHO模式的标准;支链氨基酸和...对以桑枝栽培的榆黄蘑子实体中蛋白质、氨基酸含量及相关指标进行分析和评价,检测得到桑枝榆黄蘑子实体蛋白质含量为26.60 g·100^(-1)·g^(-1),属于高蛋白食品;含有18种氨基酸,种类齐全,较接近FAO/WHO模式的标准;支链氨基酸和芳香族氨基酸总量的比值为2.63;经氨基酸评分(amino acid score,AAS)、化学评分(chemical score,CS)、氨基酸比值系数评分(score of ratio coefficient of amino acid,SRCAA)3种指标评分,其第一限制氨基酸均为胱氨酸+蛋氨酸(Cys+Met);以FAO/WHO模式评价,桑枝榆黄蘑子实体所含蛋白质是优质蛋白,且营养价值较高。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11174218)
文摘The autoionization branching ratios from Eu 4f76p1/26 d [J] autoionizing states to its 4f76s+(9So), 4f76s+(7So), and4f75d+(9Do) final ionic states are investigated with the combination of the three-step laser excitation and the velocity-map imaging technique. These different autoionizing states are excited via 4f76s6d8 DJ [J = 5/2, 7/2, and 9/2] intermediate states, respectively. The experimental photoelectron images are obtained, from which energy distributions of ejected electrons are achieved with the mathematical transformation. Furthermore, the energy dependence of the branching ratio is investigated within the autoionization resonance, by which population inversion is observed as an important characteristic.The J-dependence is also studied systematically. The validity of the well-known isolated core excitation technique used for obtaining the autoionization spectrum is also studied.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11174218)
文摘The branching ratios of ions and the angular distributions of electrons ejected from the Eu 4f^76p_(1/2)nd auto-ionizing states are investigated with the velocity-map-imaging technique.To populate the above auto-ionizing states,the relevant bound Rydberg states have to be detected first.Two new bound Rydberg states are identified in the region between41150 cm^(-1)and 44580 cm^(-1),from which auto-ionization spectra of the Eu 4f^76p_(1/2)nd states are observed with isolated core excitation method.With all preparations above,the branching ratios from the above auto-ionizing states to different final ionic states and the angular distributions of electrons ejected from these processes are measured systematically.Energy dependence of branching ratios and anisotropy parameters within the auto-ionization spectra are carefully analyzed,followed by a qualitative interpretation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21803072)the Program for Young Outstanding Scientists of Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Science(ICCAS),and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS).+1 种基金the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Award #80NSSC18K0592 and National Science Foundation under CHE-1763319.Yu SongWilliam.M.Jackson gratefully acknowledge the support of NSF under grants CHE-1301501 and AST-1410297.
文摘The photoabsorption and photodissociation of carbon monoxide(CO)in the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region is one of the most important photochemical processes in the interstellar medium,thus it has attracted numerous experimental and theoretical studies.Here,we employed the two-color VUV-VUV laser pump-probe time-slice velocity-map ion imaging method to measure the relative branching ratios[C(3P0)+O(1D)]/{[C(3P0)+O(3P)]+[C(3P0)+O(1D)]}and[C(3P2)+O(1D)]/{[C(3P2)+O(3P)]+[C(3P2)+O(1D)]}in the VUV photoexcitation energy range of 108000-113200 cm^−1.Here,one tunable VUV laser beam is used to excite CO to speci c rovibronic states,and a second independently tunable VUV laser beam is used to state-selectively ionize C(3P0)and C(3P2)for detection.State-selective photoionization through the 1VUV+1UV/visible resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization scheme has greatly enhanced the detection sensitivity,which makes many new weak absorption bands observable in the current study.The branching ratio measurement shows that the spin-forbidden channels C(3P0)+O(1D)and C(3P2)+O(1D)only open at several discrete narrow energy windows.This might be caused by certain accidental resonanceenhanced spin-orbit interactions between the directly excited Rydberg states and valence states of triplet type which nally dissociate into the spin-forbidden channels.
文摘The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) depends on tumor extension as well as hepatic function.Hepatic functional reserve is recognized as a factor affecting survival in the treatment of HCC;the ChildPugh classif ication system is the most extensively used method for assessing hepatic functional reserve in patients with chronic liver disease,using serum albumin level to achieve accurate assessment of the status of protein metabolism.However,insuff icient attention has been given to the status of amino acid(AA) metabolism in chronic liver disease and HCC.Fischer's ratio is the molar ratio of branched-chain AAs(BCAAs:leucine,valine,isoleucine) to aromatic AAs(phenylalanine,tyrosine) and is important for assessing liver metabolism,hepatic functional reserve and the severity of liver dysfunction.Although this ratio is diff icult to determine in clinical situations,BCAAs/tyrosine molar concentration ratio(BTR) has been proposed as a simpler substitute.BTR correlates with various liver function examinations,including markers of hepatic f ibrosis,hepatic blood flow and hepatocyte function,and can thus be considered as reflecting the degree of hepatic impairment.This manuscript examines the literature to clarify whether BTR can serve as a prognostic factor for treatment of HCC.
文摘The effect of malnutrition on survival in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis has not been well defined. Nutritional intervention with branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) can increase serum albumin concentration in patients with decompensated cirrhosis but its effects on survival are unclear. The BCAA to tyrosine ratio (BTR) is a surrogate marker (the normal range of BTR is between 4.41 and 10.05, and a Fischer's ratio of 1.8 corresponds to a BTR of 3.5) in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, and BCAA inhibits hepatic carcinogenesis in patients with compensated cirrhosis. This review discusses data regarding the effect of early administration of BCAA granules based on the ratio of BCAA to BTR on prognosis in patients with cirrhosis.
基金supported by NNSF of China(6053408070571079)Open Fundation of SKLSE of Wuhan University (2008-07-03)
文摘This article deals with some properties of Galton-Watson branching processes in varying environments. A necessary and suffcient condition for relative recurrent state is presented, and a series of ratio limit properties of the transition probabilities are showed.
文摘The intrinsic product polarization and intramolecular isotope effect of the S(~1D,~3P) + HD reaction have been investigated on both the lowest singlet state(1A) and the triplet state(3A and 3A) potential energy surfaces by using quasi-classical trajectory and quantum mechanical methods.The calculations indicate that intramolecular isotope effects are different on the three electronic states.The stereodynamics study shows that the P(θr) distributions,P(φ r) distributions,and polarization-dependent differential cross sections(PDDCSs)(00) are sensitive to mass factor and the product angular momentum vectors are not only aligned but also oriented.
文摘对以桑枝栽培的榆黄蘑子实体中蛋白质、氨基酸含量及相关指标进行分析和评价,检测得到桑枝榆黄蘑子实体蛋白质含量为26.60 g·100^(-1)·g^(-1),属于高蛋白食品;含有18种氨基酸,种类齐全,较接近FAO/WHO模式的标准;支链氨基酸和芳香族氨基酸总量的比值为2.63;经氨基酸评分(amino acid score,AAS)、化学评分(chemical score,CS)、氨基酸比值系数评分(score of ratio coefficient of amino acid,SRCAA)3种指标评分,其第一限制氨基酸均为胱氨酸+蛋氨酸(Cys+Met);以FAO/WHO模式评价,桑枝榆黄蘑子实体所含蛋白质是优质蛋白,且营养价值较高。
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21973100 and No.22103090)the Program for Young Outstanding Scientists of Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Science,and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences+1 种基金Hong Gao is also supported by the K.C.Wong Education FoundationPan Jiang is supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020TQ0324).