Firm Size, Innovation and Vertical Integration Incentives： The Case of Food Supply Chain

This study aims to investigate and explore the relationship between vertical integration and the firm＇s innovativeness in food supply chain. For doing so, a two-stage least-squares model was used. It encompassed instrumental variables that attempt to describe the effective determinants of firm＇s vertical integration willingness. Results based on data concerning a set of 130 food-manufacturing firms, highlighted that vertical integration of a firm is strongly affected by internal incentives such as innovation rate and firm size. Moreover, it is simultaneously influenced by the economies of scale and some structure incentives. To conclude, results indicate globally that important and statistically significant differences exist across the studied firms and the small effective ones which acquire a high level of vertical integration.

Relationship between Logistics Firm Size and Business Diversification: An Empirical Study of Chongqing, Area in China

This paper aims to explore the relationship between logistics firm size and business diversification, especially in micro- and small-sized enterprises, and assess the diversification process of Chongqing logistics enterprises using new data source. It is intended to contribute to theoretical research on diversification in the emerging logistics industry based on resource-based view (RBV) and factor production theory. We innovatively establish the logistics business classification system, then measure the degree and direction of diversification of logistics enterprises based on mean narrow-spectrum diversification-based product count methods. The empirically shows that there are a growing number of highly-diversified logistics enterprises in general, with an average annual increase of 14.23%. Especially after 2008, small and medium-sized enterprises developed towards related diversification while micro-sized enterprises came to the opposite conclusion. For them, creating unrelated diversified business is a crucial way to generate a competitive advantage. Unlike the conclusions derived from other industries, small-sized logistics enterprises are prone to try a new business, both related and unrelated, for better survival and performance. And changes in the firm size of medium and large-sized enterprises have little impact on the development of the business diversification.

The Relationship between the Firm Size and the Quantity of Accountants Employed by the Firm： An Analysis of the 436 Listed Firms in the Chinese Shenzhen Stock Exchange

There are 9.56 million accountants in China, who are working in different size firms and nonprofit organizations. The objective of this article is to examine the quantitative relationship between the firm size and the quantity of accountants working for the firm. In this paper, the employees, sales revenues, and total assets in a firm are employed to measure firm size. The authors collect and analyze the data of 436 listed firms from the Chinese Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The result of this study indicates there is a positive relationship between the firm size and the quantity of accountants employed by the firm. The study also establishes the multiple regression equation, which can be used to predict the quantity of accountants of listed firms. And it provides a way to predict the quantity of accountants of legal organizations.

Dynamics of firm size in healthcare industry

Healthcare is one of the world’s fastest growing industries consisting of broad services offered by various hospitals, physicians, nursing homes, diagnostic laboratories, pharmacies and supported by drugs, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, medical equipment, manufacturers and suppliers. The industry is highly fragmented, comprising of various ancillary sectors namely medical equipment and supplies, pharmaceutical, healthcare services, biotechnology, and alternative medicines. The present study focuses on the pharmaceutical and biotechnology segments of the healthcare industry, and presents a stochastic analysis of the evolution over time of firm size. A dynamic model is proposed that attempts to predict the evolutionary process of firm size distribution based on industry and product characteristics. A validation exercise, applying the model to pharmaceutical and the biotechnology industries finds that the predictions from the model are very close to the actual trajectories of firm size distributions within these industries at the global level. The results show interestingly, that the drivers of firm size dynamics are industry level characteristics that can be estimated from historical data with some accuracy. Specifically, it is found that firm size distributions are approaching a long-run equilibrium at a faster rate in the case of the pharmaceutical industry and that the dispersion of the distributions are shrinking over time above all for the biotechnology industry.

Auditor Experiences, Accounting Firm Size, and Client Ownership

This study investigates whether accounting firms match the experience level of individual auditors with the risk level of clients in order to control audit risk. We find that accounting firms tend to assign more experienced auditors to non-state-owned clients that typically have higher tendency to engage in earnings management. Such an assignment pattern is more pronounced for non-Big 4 accounting firms. Further analysis suggests that auditors＇ experience helps reduce clients＇ earnings management level, proxied by abnormal accruals, and thus improves the audit quality. This study enriches the literature on the allocation of human resources and the risk control mechanism in the audit services industry, which has been seldom explored in prior studies.

Firm Size and Work Compensation in China

Remarkably, recent research on the Chinese labor market has suggested that the situation in China is inconsistent with the stylized fact that large firms pay higher wages and offer more generous benefits. Expanding the empirical basis from 78 to 300 000 industrial firms, I overturn theprevious result andshow that wage determination in the averagefirmfits the international norm. Exploring subsamples of firms I also point to a likely source for the conflictingfindings： firm size is positively correlatedwith the average wage in private firms, but negatively correlated with the average wage in the state-owned sector. These novel results couM guide future studies aiming to understand the sources of the firm size wage premium, and, in particular, studies that target the largest industrial labor market in the world

Technological Intensity of Sectors,Size of the Firms and Competencies of Network Evidence from French Industrial Firms

The aim of this article is to stress the importance of competencies to build network in the innovation process. Innovation is not only R＆D but is often supporting by networks and relations that differ according to the size of the firm and the sector. We propose an empirical analysis, based on logit model, for French industrial firms. It appears that size and technological intensity of the sector affect positively the detention of networking competencies.

Capital Structure Determinants and Their Impact on Firm Value： Evidence From Indonesia

This study has two main purposes, i.e., the first is to discover and analyze capital structure determinants, and the second is to discover and analyze the influence of capital structure determinants on firm value in which capital structure treated as a moderating variable. Factors suspected to be determinants of capital structure consist of company growth, profitability, asset structure, leverage, and company size. The population in this study were manufacturing companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. Using purposive sampling method, 125 companies with four years＇ （2008-2011） observation period were collected. The analysis tool used was multiple regression. The results showed that factors which significantly determined capital structure were fixed asset structure, leverage, profitability, and size, while company growth did not influence capital structure. Meanwhile, with capital structure as a moderating variable, asset structure, leverage, and profitability significantly influence the finn value, while company growth and company size did not influence the firm value.

可持续供应链管理对中小制造企业朴素式创新的影响研究

基于可持续供应链管理视角,对6家企业进行定性探索和295家制造业中小企业进行实证检验,分析制造业中小企业朴素式创新的主要影响因素。研究表明:在可持续供应链内部管理方面,内部环境管理与内部社会责任管理会促进中小制造企业的朴素式创新;在可持续供应链外部管理方面,企业与供应商进行可持续合作会促进企业朴素式创新的开展,而企业监督评价供应商的可持续发展行为并不影响企业的朴素式创新;公司规模仅在可持续供应链内部管理对企业朴素式创新的影响中发挥正向调节作用。

家族所有权涉入与企业国际化--基于企业规模与国资参股的视角

家族所有权涉入对企业国际化的影响通常被认为是线性的。关于两者之间是否存在非线性关系,现有研究尚未得出一致结论。基于中国创业板和中小板上市家族企业2013-2019年的平衡面板数据,采用多元回归分析,并结合门槛模型,探讨家族所有权涉入的不同阈值水平对企业国际化的影响。分析结果表明,家族所有权涉入与企业国际化之间存在非线性关系,企业规模、国资参股具有双重门槛效应,在这两种情境特征下家族所有权涉入对企业国际化会产生不同程度的影响。进一步分析结果表明,在2020-2022年的样本中,家族所有权涉入对企业国际化的积极影响有所减弱,这说明外部风险与极端环境会对家族企业的国际化策略具有明显影响。此外,不同经济区域的家族企业,其所有权涉入对国际化的影响表现出明显的异质性。研究结论为家族企业更好地面向国际化经营提供了新的理论支撑与实践启示。

先进制造业上市公司ESG行为与企业绩效

本文以2013~2022年5110个A股先进制造业上市公司为样本,探究先进制造业企业ESG表现与企业绩效之间的关系,特别是技术创新和债务融资成本的中介作用。研究结果表明,先进制造业企业ESG表现对企业绩效具有显著的正向影响,在进行一系列稳健性检验后,该结论仍然成立。机制检验结果表明,先进制造业企业履行ESG责任可以通过提升技术创新水平,改善企业绩效;然而,债务融资成本的中介作用不成立。异质性研究表明,ESG表现对企业绩效的影响在大规模企业、非国有企业和非环保企业中尤为明显。研究为推进先进制造业企业ESG实践,驱动其可持续发展提供重要启示。

审计意见质量与关键审计事项报告积极性

KAM作为审计报告新增要素,其报告内容与方式必须服从、服务于审计报告核心要素——审计意见的质量保证要求。选取2016年A+H股和2017—2021年沪深A股上市公司作为样本,研究审计意见质量保证要求对KAM报告的影响,发现审计意见质量低时,KAM披露的数量越多、篇幅越大、可读性越强、语调越消极,差异度越大,KAM报告积极性越高。事务所规模越大、客户风险越低,上述关系越显著。通过一系列稳健性检验,结论依然成立。进一步研究发现:审计意见质量对KAM报告积极性的影响,不仅有利于提高审计报告沟通价值,而且有利于降低被审计报表的财务重述,控制审计失败。研究结论对审计师有效编制、监管部门适当监管、投资者正确理解新审计报告,充分发挥其功能作用,具有重要的启示意义。

中小型会计师事务所审计质量优化策略研究

随着社会与经济的不断发展进步,我国越来越重视会计师事务所的审计质量。在新时代下,审计质量是会计师事务所生存和发展的基石。会计师事务所必须不断提升审计质量,才能更好地适应市场经济的发展。审计质量是衡量会计师事务所是否合格的重要指标,对于维护市场信任、保护投资者利益以及促进经济发展至关重要。然而,审计行业面临着诸多挑战,如审计复杂性的增加、监管压力的加大以及科技创新的快速发展。在这样的背景下,中小型会计师事务所需要不断探索和实践,以提升审计质量,确保其在竞争激烈的市场中保持竞争优势。本文首先阐述了提高中小型会计师事务所审计质量的意义,然后分析了当前中小型会计师事务所审计质量存在的问题,最后提出了提高审计质量的措施。

中小会计师事务所数字化转型现状及对策研究

注册会计师行业提出全面实现数字化转型的远景规划,中小会计师事务所数字化转型迫在眉睫。文章深入调研中小会计师事务所数字化转型现状、成效、面临的困境及改进方向,提出应加大政府机构和行业协会的支持力度,提升开发机构供应和服务能力,同时增加中小会计师事务所自身的投入并借鉴大型事务所的数字化转型成功经验,共同推动中小会计师事务所数字化转型。

中小微企业创新的测度与调查

中国企业创新创业调查(Enterprise Survey for Innovation and Entrepreneurship in China,简称ESIEC)的主要目的之一,就是通过对中小微企业的调查填补中小企业创新数据缺失的空白。本文首先对创新测度和创新调查相关的理论和文献进行了梳理,其次对ESIEC的问卷设计进行了介绍,然后对ESIEC的企业创新数据的基本事实进行了分析,最后用CDM(Crepon,Duguet,and Mairessec)模型分析了中小微企业中研发、创新和生产率之间的关系。结果表明,在ESIEC的中小微企业中,研发、创新和生产率之间的关系与文献结论一致。相比中国现有的创新方面的微观数据,本文所依托的ESIEC具有以下四个方面的突出优势:①涵盖多维度的创新测度和较为全面的创新方面的信息,不仅有与国际通用创新调查数据相同的调查信息,还考虑了中国的经济特色,包含了一些与高质量发展相关的指标;②调查对象包含了小微企业;③调查对象不仅包含制造业,还包含多种服务业;④与国际上很多微观层面的创新调查采用线上或电话调查不同,ESIEC采用了由受过严格训练的访员面对面调查企业负责人或高管的方式。总之,ESIEC数据可以被很好地用来分析中国中小微企业的创新活动。初步分析结果表明,基于ESIEC的创新分析结果与文献一致:①企业规模对企业的研发投入决策起着至关重要的作用;②研发促进了产品创新和流程创新;③产品创新和流程创新都能促进劳动生产率。因此,ESIEC数据具有良好的可靠性,并且可以与欧盟创新调查(CIS)和美国的年度商业调查(ABS)进行可比性分析。

企业异质性、高管过度自信与企业创新绩效

本文选用科技部数据库中全部A股上市公司作为研究样本,探讨高管过度自信对企业创新绩效的影响。研究结果表明,高管过度自信会促进企业加大创新项目的投入和产出;在企业研发支出保持不变的情况下,高管过度自信仍旧会给企业带来更多的创新产出,表明高管过度自信促进了企业创新绩效的提升。研究发现,这一促进作用受到企业异质性的影响,高管过度自信对于创新绩效的促进作用会因为企业规模与负债的不同而存在显著差异,验证了熊彼特效应和投资扭曲效应。进一步研究表明,相比非高新技术企业,高管过度自信与创新绩效的正相关关系在高新技术企业中更为显著。本文的研究对重新认识高管过度自信这一心理偏差对于企业财务决策的影响,以及对企业管理者的聘任决策有重要的理论和实践意义。

高管人力资源管理承诺、绿色人力资源管理与企业绩效：企业规模的调节作用

本研究基于高阶理论和利益相关者理论,以中国企业为研究对象检验高管人力资源管理承诺对企业环保绩效和财务绩效的影响,同时探讨了绿色人力资源管理在两者之间的中介机制。研究结果表明,高管人力资源管理承诺间接影响了企业的环保绩效和财务绩效,绿色人力资源管理在此过程中起到中介作用;企业规模正向调节了高管人力资源管理承诺和绿色人力资源管理的关系,同时正向调节了绿色人力资源管理在高管人力资源管理承诺与环保绩效、财务绩效之间所发挥的中介作用。本研究对我国绿色人力资源管理的研究具有重要的参考价值,同时为我国企业进行环境管理、实现可持续发展提供了实践启示。

环境税会倒逼企业绿色创新吗?

征收环境税,内在化环境成本,会倒逼企业绿色创新以实现涵盖经济效益、环境效益和社会效益在内的综合效益吗?基于波特假说的理论基础,以2007—2015年中国沪深A股工业上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了环境税对企业绿色创新的影响。研究发现:环境税显著地促进企业绿色创新,并呈现滞后性特征,即当期环境税显著地提高企业下期和下下期的绿色创新水平。拓展性检验与分析后发现,环境税对企业绿色创新的促进作用主要体现在国有企业、大规模企业、低融资约束企业中。研究结论在理论上丰富了环境税经济后果研究和企业绿色创新影响因素研究的文献,在实践上为完善中国环境税制和提高企业绿色创新提供了重要的启示。

不同公司规模下现金流量对投资决策影响的实证研究

根据现代公司金融理论,在公司投资模型中引进融资因素,研究了不同规模公司投资与现金流量的关系,并探讨了不同公司规模投资决策行为的差异.实证研究发现,大规模公司投资对现金流量的敏感性要高于小规模公司.动因检验的结果表明,大规模公司投资依赖于现金流量源于信息不对称理论,小规模公司投资依赖于现金流量源于自由现金流量的代理成本理论.

基础研究与企业技术绩效——来自我国大中型工业企业的经验证据

本文旨在考察基础研究对我国企业技术创新的作用机理与效果,采用1998-2009年我国30个省市大中型工业企业面板数据,研究发现基础研究显著地促进了企业的技术创新支出和产出,且产学研合作、企业规模及国有产权等因素对基础研究促进企业创新产生了不同且重要的影响。此外通过国内外比较发现我国存在着基础研究支出占R&D经费的比例较低,基础研究、应用研究和试验发展的投入比例失衡,基础研究总体投入不足等问题。