Integrating Chinese culture into college English can not only enhance students’humanities literacy and cultivate their cultural confidence,but also facilitate the inheritance and international dissemination of Chines...Integrating Chinese culture into college English can not only enhance students’humanities literacy and cultivate their cultural confidence,but also facilitate the inheritance and international dissemination of Chinese culture.Taking Tyler’s curriculum framework as the starting point,this paper analyzes some factors that affect the integration of Chinese culture into the college English teaching and proposes some strategies for the integration of Chinese culture into college English teaching by innovating teaching objectives,enriching teaching contents,transforming modes of course delivery,and reconstructing the assessment system.展开更多
The article formulates the main principle of physics, which underlies this science. This principle has been called by the author of this article the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories...The article formulates the main principle of physics, which underlies this science. This principle has been called by the author of this article the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories. The article gives examples of the application of this principle in quantum mechanics and cosmology. A more detailed proof of the principle of equivalence of the electromagnetic field and the field of strong interaction to a free material particle is given. This principle, formulated in the article “Electrodynamics in Curvilinear Coordinates and the Equation of a Geodesic Line”, revealed the nature of the mass of elementary particles and became the basis for the formulation of the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories.展开更多
With the deepening development of educational informatization, online and offline blended teaching, as a new teaching mode, is increasingly receiving widespread attention from educators [1]. At present, the reform of ...With the deepening development of educational informatization, online and offline blended teaching, as a new teaching mode, is increasingly receiving widespread attention from educators [1]. At present, the reform of the “online and offline blended teaching” of ideological and political education courses directly affects the quality of talent cultivation in universities. The article takes the course “Introduction to Basic Principles of Marxism” as an example to explore the reform mode of “online and offline blended teaching” in ideological and political theory courses in universities from the aspects of reasonable allocation of class hours, design of online teaching activities, how to deepen classroom teaching offline, and diversified assessment modes. Furthermore, the article summarizes the experience of mode reform and promotes the deep development of the people-oriented education concept in ideological and political courses in universities, so as to achieve the ultimate goal of moral education in ideological and political education in universities.展开更多
Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used ...Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used to partially explain this paradox, while introducing new problems. Hereby, we propose a better theory, named Sun Matters Theory, to explain this paradox. Moreover, this unique theory supports and extended the Einstein’s static universe model proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. Further, we proposed our new universe model, “Sun Model of Universe”. Based on the new model and novel theory, we generated innovative field equation by upgrading Einstein’s Field Equation through adding back the cosmological constant, introducing a new variable and modifying the gravitationally-related concepts. According to the Sun Model of Universe, the dark matter and dark energy comprise the so-called “Sun Matters”. The observed phenomenon like the red shift is explained as due to the interaction of ordinary light with Sun Matters leading to its energy and frequency decrease. In Sun Model, our big universe consists of many universes with ordinary matter at the core mixed and surrounded with the Sun Matters. In those universes, the laws of physics may be completely or partially different from that of our ordinary universe with parallel civilizations. The darkness of night can be easily explained as resulting from the interaction of light with the Sun Matters leading to the sharp decrease in the light intensity. Sun Matters also scatter the light from a star, which makes it shining as observed by Hubble. Further, there is a kind of Sun Matters named “Sun Waters”, surrounding every starts. When lights pass by the sun, the Sun Waters deflect the lights to bend the light path. According to the Sun Model, it is the light bent not the space bent that was proposed in the theory of relativities.展开更多
This research aims to integrate Bekenstein’s bound and Landauer’s principle, providing a unified framework to understand the limits of information and energy in physical systems. By combining these principles, we ex...This research aims to integrate Bekenstein’s bound and Landauer’s principle, providing a unified framework to understand the limits of information and energy in physical systems. By combining these principles, we explore the implications for black hole thermodynamics, astrophysics, astronomy, information theory, and the search for new laws of nature. The result includes an estimation of the number of bits stored in a black hole (less than 1.4 × 10<sup>30</sup> bits/m<sup>3</sup>), enhancing our understanding of information storage in extreme gravitational environments. This integration offers valuable insights into the fundamental nature of information and energy, impacting scientific advancements in multiple disciplines.展开更多
The principle of the best interests of the child,as a criterion for substantive review,is conceptually ambiguous and uncertain in its application.To mitigate this dilemma in the application of the principle of the bes...The principle of the best interests of the child,as a criterion for substantive review,is conceptually ambiguous and uncertain in its application.To mitigate this dilemma in the application of the principle of the best interests of the child,the European Court of Human Rights(ECHR)has made a procedural transition in the interpretation and application of this principle,shifting from conducting specific proportionality analysis or interests balancing in cases related to children to examining whether States Parties have applied the principle of the best interests of the child in their judicial procedures.Moreover,ECHR has developed three procedural review schemes:holistic reviews,key factors-based reviews and factor list-based reviews.Compared with substantive reviews,procedural reviews adhere to the ECHR doctrine of margin of appreciation,restrict the free discretion of the court,give play to the effect of procedural autonomy,and pursue the value of subjective procedural justice,which has its own unique theoretical value and practical significance,and provides a feasible reference for China to interpret and apply the principle of the best interests of the child.展开更多
According to the basic idea of dual-complementarity, in a simple and unified way proposed by the author, various energy principles in theory of elastic materials with voids can be established systematically, In this p...According to the basic idea of dual-complementarity, in a simple and unified way proposed by the author, various energy principles in theory of elastic materials with voids can be established systematically, In this paper, an important integral relation is given, which can be considered essentially as the generalized pr- inciple of virtual work. Based on this relation, it is possible not only to obtain the principle of virtual work and the reciprocal theorem of work in theory of elastic materials with voids, but also to derive systematically the complementary functionals for the eight-field, six-field, four-field and two-field generalized variational principles, and the principle of minimum potential and complementary energies. Furthermore, with this appro ach, the intrinsic relationship among various principles can be explained clearly.展开更多
According to the basic idea of dual-complementarity,in a simple and unified way proposed by the author,some basic principles in dynamic theory of elastic materials with voids can be established sys- tematically.In thi...According to the basic idea of dual-complementarity,in a simple and unified way proposed by the author,some basic principles in dynamic theory of elastic materials with voids can be established sys- tematically.In this paper, an important integral relation in terms of convolutions is given,which can be con- sidered as the generalized principle of virtual work in mechanics.Based on this relation,it is possible not on- ly to obtain the principle of virtual work and the reciprocal theorem in dynamic theory of elastic materials with voids,but also to derive systematically the complementary functionals for the eight-field,six-field, four-field and two-field simplified Gurtin-type variational principles.Furthermore,with this approach,the in- trinsic relationship among various principles can be explained clearly.展开更多
Variational principles for the buckling and vibration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are established with the aid of the semi-inverse method. They are used to derive the natural and geometric boundary con...Variational principles for the buckling and vibration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are established with the aid of the semi-inverse method. They are used to derive the natural and geometric boundary conditions coupled by small scale parameters. Hamilton's principle and Rayleigh's quotient for the buckling and vibration of the MWCNTs are given. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to study the buckling and vibration of the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) with three typical boundary conditions. The numerical results reveal that the small scale parameter, aspect ratio, and boundary conditions have a profound effect on the buckling and vibration of the SWCNTs and DWCNTs.展开更多
We choose a Si/Ge interface as a research object to investigate the influence of interface disorder on thermal boundary conductance.In the calculations,the diffuse mismatch model is used to study thermal boundary cond...We choose a Si/Ge interface as a research object to investigate the influence of interface disorder on thermal boundary conductance.In the calculations,the diffuse mismatch model is used to study thermal boundary conductance between two non-metallic materials,while the phonon dispersion relationship is calculated by the first-principles density functional perturbation theory.The results show that interface disorder limits thermal transport.The increase of atomic spacing at the interface results in weakly coupled interfaces and a decrease in the thermal boundary conductance.This approach shows a simplistic method to investigate the relationship between microstructure and thermal conductivity.展开更多
The paper shows that the variational principle serves as an element of the mathematical structure of a quantum theory. The experimentally confirmed properties of the corpuscular-wave duality of a quantum particle are ...The paper shows that the variational principle serves as an element of the mathematical structure of a quantum theory. The experimentally confirmed properties of the corpuscular-wave duality of a quantum particle are elements of the analysis. A Lagrangian density that yields the equations of motion of a given quantum theory of a massive particle is analyzed. It is proved that if this Lagrangian density is a Lorentz scalar whose dimension is ?then the associated action consistently defines the required phase of the quantum particle. The dimension of this Lagrangian density proves that also the quantum function ?has dimension. This result provides new criteria for the acceptability of quantum theories. An examination of the first order Dirac equation demonstrates that it satisfies the new criteria whereas the second order Klein-Gordon equation fails to do that.展开更多
This paper studies computational stock market by using network model and similar methodology used in solid mechanics. Four simultaneous basic equations, i. e., equation of interest rate and amount of circulating fond...This paper studies computational stock market by using network model and similar methodology used in solid mechanics. Four simultaneous basic equations, i. e., equation of interest rate and amount of circulating fond, equations of purchasing and selling of share, equation of changing rate of share price, and equation of interest rate, share price and its changing rate, have been established. Discussions mainly on the solution and its simple applications of the equation of interest rate and amount of circulating fond are given. The discussions also involve the proof of tending to the equilibrium state of network of stock market based on the time discrete form of the equation by using Banach theorem of contraction mapping, and the influence of amount of circulating fond with exponential attenuation due to the decreasing of banking interest rate.Keyworks: stock market; network model; differential equation; contraction mapping; elasticity; methodology展开更多
In this paper, we adopt a novel topological approach to fault diagnosis. In our researches, global information will be introduced into electric power network, we are using mainly BFS of graph theory algorithms and lin...In this paper, we adopt a novel topological approach to fault diagnosis. In our researches, global information will be introduced into electric power network, we are using mainly BFS of graph theory algorithms and linear discriminant principle to resolve fast and exact analysis of faulty components and faulty sections, and finally accomplish fault diagnosis. The results of BFS and linear discriminant are identical. The main technical contributions and innovations in this paper include, introducing global information into electric power network, developing a novel topological analysis to fault diagnosis. Graph theory algorithms can be used to model many different physical and abstract systems such as transportation and communication networks, models for business administration, political science, and psychology and so on. And the linear discriminant is a procedure used to classify an object into one of several a priori groupings dependent on the individual characteristics of the object. In the study of fault diagnosis in electric power network, graph theory algorithms and linear discriminant technology must also have a good prospect of application.展开更多
Vocabulary teaching is always a difficulty to English teachers while learners have found the task of accumulating vocabulary time-consuming,boring,and ineffective.This paper intends to explain vocabulary teaching and ...Vocabulary teaching is always a difficulty to English teachers while learners have found the task of accumulating vocabulary time-consuming,boring,and ineffective.This paper intends to explain vocabulary teaching and learning based on the wholeness principle of Gestalt Theory,which emphasizes the wholeness of experience and behaviors.It points out that without an organic whole,the learning process will be incomplete and ineffective.The process of learning is not the accumulation of piecemeal examination of the isolated elements.It is anticipated that the efficiency of classroom teaching and learning can be improved.展开更多
Verbal humor carries rich cultural connotation and reflects the wisdom,communicative skills of the humor maker.There are many researches on verbal humor both at home and abroad,especially in the fields of sitcoms and ...Verbal humor carries rich cultural connotation and reflects the wisdom,communicative skills of the humor maker.There are many researches on verbal humor both at home and abroad,especially in the fields of sitcoms and literature from the perspective of pragmatics and cognitive linguistics.However,the researches on the humorous corpus of public speech are limited.This paper intendsto use qualitative research methods to explore the mechanism of verbal humor generation under the theoretical framework of cooperative principle and relevance theory.Through the analysis in the paper,it points out that verbal humor can be produced by violating the cooperative principle,the gap between maximum relevance and optimal relevance,and the speaker’s expanding contextual reasoning.The cooperation principle and relevance theory have a good elaboration on humor in public speeches,but both have their own deficiencies in explanatory power.Only the combination of those two theories can better explain the generation mechanism of verbal humor.展开更多
Work on quantum entanglement is currently emphasizing the nonlocal nature of theories that attempt to explain spatially separated Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlation experiments. It is frequently claimed that no...Work on quantum entanglement is currently emphasizing the nonlocal nature of theories that attempt to explain spatially separated Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlation experiments. It is frequently claimed that nonlocal instantaneous influences, or equivalently a breakdown of Einstein’s separation principle, are a signature property of (quantum) entanglement. This paper presents a categorization of the various forms of nonlocality in physical theories. It is shown that, even for Einstein’s theory of relativity, correlations of spatially separated measurements cannot be explained without the involvement of some nonlocal or global knowledge and facts. Instantaneous Influences at a distance are, however, in a special category of nonlocality and, as is well known, Einstein called them spooky. Following a separation of nonlocalities into four distinctly different categories 0, 1, 2, 3, with number 3 corresponding to theories containing instantaneous influences at a distance, I show that any theory of EPR experiments must be at least in category 1 or 2 and does not need to be in category 3. In particular, the Bell theorem, valid for category 0 theories, may be violated for categories 1 and 2 and does not require category 3 theories. Category 0 enforces Bell’s theorem. However, it does not apply to relativistic theories of space like separated measurements.展开更多
English translations of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)terms and prescriptions need standardizing to minimize ambiguity as the popularity of TCM spreads globally.Herein an evaluation guide for translation of TCM dec...English translations of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)terms and prescriptions need standardizing to minimize ambiguity as the popularity of TCM spreads globally.Herein an evaluation guide for translation of TCM decoctions in English into diverse social,cultural and medical systems,is proffered which integrates Skopos theory and Li Zhaoguo’s principles of English translation(conciseness of lexical composition,information accuracy,and similarity in lexical composition).Based on a case study of the traditional herbal medicine Mahuang Xingren Gancao Shigao Tang,direct translation methods with concise lexical composition are determined to most clearly convey the sophisticated and verbose original TCM prescription.展开更多
Inertia is one of the most mysterious forces of nature. Its physical nature is unknown. Accordingly, attempts are made to avoid this “dark force” in one way or another. In Newton’s mechanics and in the special rela...Inertia is one of the most mysterious forces of nature. Its physical nature is unknown. Accordingly, attempts are made to avoid this “dark force” in one way or another. In Newton’s mechanics and in the special relativity theory, this is done by postulating inertial reference frame, in the general relativity theory by postulating the equivalence principle. Postulates cannot change the laws of nature. One needs to know the latter. Given that the forces of inertia result in non-inertial reference frames only, a hypothesis of the induction nature of inertia has been made. According to this hypothesis, the forces of inertia result as the reaction of a body to external influence. A system of equations explaining the physical nature of inertia and its connection to gravity has been drafted. A group of coordinate conversion has been suggested, which without violating the general covariance of the laws of nature, enables to distinguish one reference frame associated with one body from another system associated with another body, to determine the privileged ones, and to take into consideration their influence on the readings of measurement instruments. A modified mechanics had been created. It takes into consideration the Mach’s principle and enables to cover all systems with the relativity principle. All of the relativistic effects arise from it. The reasons for emergence of new particles, dark matter, dark energy etc. are explained. New effects are predicted.展开更多
Love Is a Fallacy is a great work of Max Shulman, one of the America's most famous humorists. Literary pragmatics,an interdiscipline between literature and pragmatics, is concerned with the examples in which pragm...Love Is a Fallacy is a great work of Max Shulman, one of the America's most famous humorists. Literary pragmatics,an interdiscipline between literature and pragmatics, is concerned with the examples in which pragmatics is combined with linguistic and literary methods. Speech Act Theory, initiated by John Austin and developed by Paul Grice, has been employed in literary pragmatics. This paper aims to explore the characterization of the three roles in Love Is a Fallacy in the light of literary pragmatics. By delving into the realization of speech act and the flouting of the maxims of Cooperative Principle, the establishment process of characters can be better demonstrated.展开更多
基金supported by Program of curriculum ideological and political education teaching reform,Zhoukou Normal University-Research on the Path of Ideological and Political Construction of College English Course in local universities from the perspective of cultural confidence(Fund No.SZJG-2022004)Program of Educational Curriculum Reform Henan Province-The exploration of the cultivation of the mentors in normal universities under the background of teacher professional certification(Fund No.2022-JSJYZD-028)+1 种基金the research and practice program of teaching and learning in Zhoukou Normal University(Fund No.JF2021016)achievements of the training program for young and middle-aged key teachers at Zhoukou Normal University in 2021.
文摘Integrating Chinese culture into college English can not only enhance students’humanities literacy and cultivate their cultural confidence,but also facilitate the inheritance and international dissemination of Chinese culture.Taking Tyler’s curriculum framework as the starting point,this paper analyzes some factors that affect the integration of Chinese culture into the college English teaching and proposes some strategies for the integration of Chinese culture into college English teaching by innovating teaching objectives,enriching teaching contents,transforming modes of course delivery,and reconstructing the assessment system.
文摘The article formulates the main principle of physics, which underlies this science. This principle has been called by the author of this article the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories. The article gives examples of the application of this principle in quantum mechanics and cosmology. A more detailed proof of the principle of equivalence of the electromagnetic field and the field of strong interaction to a free material particle is given. This principle, formulated in the article “Electrodynamics in Curvilinear Coordinates and the Equation of a Geodesic Line”, revealed the nature of the mass of elementary particles and became the basis for the formulation of the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories.
文摘With the deepening development of educational informatization, online and offline blended teaching, as a new teaching mode, is increasingly receiving widespread attention from educators [1]. At present, the reform of the “online and offline blended teaching” of ideological and political education courses directly affects the quality of talent cultivation in universities. The article takes the course “Introduction to Basic Principles of Marxism” as an example to explore the reform mode of “online and offline blended teaching” in ideological and political theory courses in universities from the aspects of reasonable allocation of class hours, design of online teaching activities, how to deepen classroom teaching offline, and diversified assessment modes. Furthermore, the article summarizes the experience of mode reform and promotes the deep development of the people-oriented education concept in ideological and political courses in universities, so as to achieve the ultimate goal of moral education in ideological and political education in universities.
文摘Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used to partially explain this paradox, while introducing new problems. Hereby, we propose a better theory, named Sun Matters Theory, to explain this paradox. Moreover, this unique theory supports and extended the Einstein’s static universe model proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. Further, we proposed our new universe model, “Sun Model of Universe”. Based on the new model and novel theory, we generated innovative field equation by upgrading Einstein’s Field Equation through adding back the cosmological constant, introducing a new variable and modifying the gravitationally-related concepts. According to the Sun Model of Universe, the dark matter and dark energy comprise the so-called “Sun Matters”. The observed phenomenon like the red shift is explained as due to the interaction of ordinary light with Sun Matters leading to its energy and frequency decrease. In Sun Model, our big universe consists of many universes with ordinary matter at the core mixed and surrounded with the Sun Matters. In those universes, the laws of physics may be completely or partially different from that of our ordinary universe with parallel civilizations. The darkness of night can be easily explained as resulting from the interaction of light with the Sun Matters leading to the sharp decrease in the light intensity. Sun Matters also scatter the light from a star, which makes it shining as observed by Hubble. Further, there is a kind of Sun Matters named “Sun Waters”, surrounding every starts. When lights pass by the sun, the Sun Waters deflect the lights to bend the light path. According to the Sun Model, it is the light bent not the space bent that was proposed in the theory of relativities.
文摘This research aims to integrate Bekenstein’s bound and Landauer’s principle, providing a unified framework to understand the limits of information and energy in physical systems. By combining these principles, we explore the implications for black hole thermodynamics, astrophysics, astronomy, information theory, and the search for new laws of nature. The result includes an estimation of the number of bits stored in a black hole (less than 1.4 × 10<sup>30</sup> bits/m<sup>3</sup>), enhancing our understanding of information storage in extreme gravitational environments. This integration offers valuable insights into the fundamental nature of information and energy, impacting scientific advancements in multiple disciplines.
文摘The principle of the best interests of the child,as a criterion for substantive review,is conceptually ambiguous and uncertain in its application.To mitigate this dilemma in the application of the principle of the best interests of the child,the European Court of Human Rights(ECHR)has made a procedural transition in the interpretation and application of this principle,shifting from conducting specific proportionality analysis or interests balancing in cases related to children to examining whether States Parties have applied the principle of the best interests of the child in their judicial procedures.Moreover,ECHR has developed three procedural review schemes:holistic reviews,key factors-based reviews and factor list-based reviews.Compared with substantive reviews,procedural reviews adhere to the ECHR doctrine of margin of appreciation,restrict the free discretion of the court,give play to the effect of procedural autonomy,and pursue the value of subjective procedural justice,which has its own unique theoretical value and practical significance,and provides a feasible reference for China to interpret and apply the principle of the best interests of the child.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘According to the basic idea of dual-complementarity, in a simple and unified way proposed by the author, various energy principles in theory of elastic materials with voids can be established systematically, In this paper, an important integral relation is given, which can be considered essentially as the generalized pr- inciple of virtual work. Based on this relation, it is possible not only to obtain the principle of virtual work and the reciprocal theorem of work in theory of elastic materials with voids, but also to derive systematically the complementary functionals for the eight-field, six-field, four-field and two-field generalized variational principles, and the principle of minimum potential and complementary energies. Furthermore, with this appro ach, the intrinsic relationship among various principles can be explained clearly.
基金The project supported by the Foundation of Zhongshan University Advanced Research Center
文摘According to the basic idea of dual-complementarity,in a simple and unified way proposed by the author,some basic principles in dynamic theory of elastic materials with voids can be established sys- tematically.In this paper, an important integral relation in terms of convolutions is given,which can be con- sidered as the generalized principle of virtual work in mechanics.Based on this relation,it is possible not on- ly to obtain the principle of virtual work and the reciprocal theorem in dynamic theory of elastic materials with voids,but also to derive systematically the complementary functionals for the eight-field,six-field, four-field and two-field simplified Gurtin-type variational principles.Furthermore,with this approach,the in- trinsic relationship among various principles can be explained clearly.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2011CB610300)the 111 Project(No.B07050)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.10972182,11172239,and 10902089)the Doctoral Program Foundation of Education Ministry of China(No.20106102110019)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis of Industrial Equipment(No.GZ0802)the Doctorate Foundation of Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.CX201111)
文摘Variational principles for the buckling and vibration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are established with the aid of the semi-inverse method. They are used to derive the natural and geometric boundary conditions coupled by small scale parameters. Hamilton's principle and Rayleigh's quotient for the buckling and vibration of the MWCNTs are given. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to study the buckling and vibration of the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) with three typical boundary conditions. The numerical results reveal that the small scale parameter, aspect ratio, and boundary conditions have a profound effect on the buckling and vibration of the SWCNTs and DWCNTs.
文摘We choose a Si/Ge interface as a research object to investigate the influence of interface disorder on thermal boundary conductance.In the calculations,the diffuse mismatch model is used to study thermal boundary conductance between two non-metallic materials,while the phonon dispersion relationship is calculated by the first-principles density functional perturbation theory.The results show that interface disorder limits thermal transport.The increase of atomic spacing at the interface results in weakly coupled interfaces and a decrease in the thermal boundary conductance.This approach shows a simplistic method to investigate the relationship between microstructure and thermal conductivity.
文摘The paper shows that the variational principle serves as an element of the mathematical structure of a quantum theory. The experimentally confirmed properties of the corpuscular-wave duality of a quantum particle are elements of the analysis. A Lagrangian density that yields the equations of motion of a given quantum theory of a massive particle is analyzed. It is proved that if this Lagrangian density is a Lorentz scalar whose dimension is ?then the associated action consistently defines the required phase of the quantum particle. The dimension of this Lagrangian density proves that also the quantum function ?has dimension. This result provides new criteria for the acceptability of quantum theories. An examination of the first order Dirac equation demonstrates that it satisfies the new criteria whereas the second order Klein-Gordon equation fails to do that.
文摘This paper studies computational stock market by using network model and similar methodology used in solid mechanics. Four simultaneous basic equations, i. e., equation of interest rate and amount of circulating fond, equations of purchasing and selling of share, equation of changing rate of share price, and equation of interest rate, share price and its changing rate, have been established. Discussions mainly on the solution and its simple applications of the equation of interest rate and amount of circulating fond are given. The discussions also involve the proof of tending to the equilibrium state of network of stock market based on the time discrete form of the equation by using Banach theorem of contraction mapping, and the influence of amount of circulating fond with exponential attenuation due to the decreasing of banking interest rate.Keyworks: stock market; network model; differential equation; contraction mapping; elasticity; methodology
文摘In this paper, we adopt a novel topological approach to fault diagnosis. In our researches, global information will be introduced into electric power network, we are using mainly BFS of graph theory algorithms and linear discriminant principle to resolve fast and exact analysis of faulty components and faulty sections, and finally accomplish fault diagnosis. The results of BFS and linear discriminant are identical. The main technical contributions and innovations in this paper include, introducing global information into electric power network, developing a novel topological analysis to fault diagnosis. Graph theory algorithms can be used to model many different physical and abstract systems such as transportation and communication networks, models for business administration, political science, and psychology and so on. And the linear discriminant is a procedure used to classify an object into one of several a priori groupings dependent on the individual characteristics of the object. In the study of fault diagnosis in electric power network, graph theory algorithms and linear discriminant technology must also have a good prospect of application.
文摘Vocabulary teaching is always a difficulty to English teachers while learners have found the task of accumulating vocabulary time-consuming,boring,and ineffective.This paper intends to explain vocabulary teaching and learning based on the wholeness principle of Gestalt Theory,which emphasizes the wholeness of experience and behaviors.It points out that without an organic whole,the learning process will be incomplete and ineffective.The process of learning is not the accumulation of piecemeal examination of the isolated elements.It is anticipated that the efficiency of classroom teaching and learning can be improved.
文摘Verbal humor carries rich cultural connotation and reflects the wisdom,communicative skills of the humor maker.There are many researches on verbal humor both at home and abroad,especially in the fields of sitcoms and literature from the perspective of pragmatics and cognitive linguistics.However,the researches on the humorous corpus of public speech are limited.This paper intendsto use qualitative research methods to explore the mechanism of verbal humor generation under the theoretical framework of cooperative principle and relevance theory.Through the analysis in the paper,it points out that verbal humor can be produced by violating the cooperative principle,the gap between maximum relevance and optimal relevance,and the speaker’s expanding contextual reasoning.The cooperation principle and relevance theory have a good elaboration on humor in public speeches,but both have their own deficiencies in explanatory power.Only the combination of those two theories can better explain the generation mechanism of verbal humor.
文摘Work on quantum entanglement is currently emphasizing the nonlocal nature of theories that attempt to explain spatially separated Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlation experiments. It is frequently claimed that nonlocal instantaneous influences, or equivalently a breakdown of Einstein’s separation principle, are a signature property of (quantum) entanglement. This paper presents a categorization of the various forms of nonlocality in physical theories. It is shown that, even for Einstein’s theory of relativity, correlations of spatially separated measurements cannot be explained without the involvement of some nonlocal or global knowledge and facts. Instantaneous Influences at a distance are, however, in a special category of nonlocality and, as is well known, Einstein called them spooky. Following a separation of nonlocalities into four distinctly different categories 0, 1, 2, 3, with number 3 corresponding to theories containing instantaneous influences at a distance, I show that any theory of EPR experiments must be at least in category 1 or 2 and does not need to be in category 3. In particular, the Bell theorem, valid for category 0 theories, may be violated for categories 1 and 2 and does not require category 3 theories. Category 0 enforces Bell’s theorem. However, it does not apply to relativistic theories of space like separated measurements.
文摘English translations of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)terms and prescriptions need standardizing to minimize ambiguity as the popularity of TCM spreads globally.Herein an evaluation guide for translation of TCM decoctions in English into diverse social,cultural and medical systems,is proffered which integrates Skopos theory and Li Zhaoguo’s principles of English translation(conciseness of lexical composition,information accuracy,and similarity in lexical composition).Based on a case study of the traditional herbal medicine Mahuang Xingren Gancao Shigao Tang,direct translation methods with concise lexical composition are determined to most clearly convey the sophisticated and verbose original TCM prescription.
文摘Inertia is one of the most mysterious forces of nature. Its physical nature is unknown. Accordingly, attempts are made to avoid this “dark force” in one way or another. In Newton’s mechanics and in the special relativity theory, this is done by postulating inertial reference frame, in the general relativity theory by postulating the equivalence principle. Postulates cannot change the laws of nature. One needs to know the latter. Given that the forces of inertia result in non-inertial reference frames only, a hypothesis of the induction nature of inertia has been made. According to this hypothesis, the forces of inertia result as the reaction of a body to external influence. A system of equations explaining the physical nature of inertia and its connection to gravity has been drafted. A group of coordinate conversion has been suggested, which without violating the general covariance of the laws of nature, enables to distinguish one reference frame associated with one body from another system associated with another body, to determine the privileged ones, and to take into consideration their influence on the readings of measurement instruments. A modified mechanics had been created. It takes into consideration the Mach’s principle and enables to cover all systems with the relativity principle. All of the relativistic effects arise from it. The reasons for emergence of new particles, dark matter, dark energy etc. are explained. New effects are predicted.
文摘Love Is a Fallacy is a great work of Max Shulman, one of the America's most famous humorists. Literary pragmatics,an interdiscipline between literature and pragmatics, is concerned with the examples in which pragmatics is combined with linguistic and literary methods. Speech Act Theory, initiated by John Austin and developed by Paul Grice, has been employed in literary pragmatics. This paper aims to explore the characterization of the three roles in Love Is a Fallacy in the light of literary pragmatics. By delving into the realization of speech act and the flouting of the maxims of Cooperative Principle, the establishment process of characters can be better demonstrated.