Effects of Health Education with Problem-Based Learning Approaches on the Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Coping Skills of Women with High-Risk Pregnancies in Plateau Areas

Objective: Given the unique cultural background, way of life, and physical environment of the Tibetan Plateau, this study aims to investigate the effects of health education using problem-based learning (PBL) approaches on the knowledge, attitude, practice, and coping skills of women with high-risk pregnancies in this region. Methods: 76 high-risk pregnancy cases were enrolled at Tibet’s Linzhi People’s Hospital between September 2023 and April 2024. 30 patients admitted between September 2023 and December 2023 were selected as the control group and were performed with regular patient education. 46 patients admitted between January 2024 and April 2024 were selected as the observation group and were performed regular patient education with problem-based learning approaches. Two groups’ performance on their health knowledge, attitude, practice and coping skills before and after interventions were evaluated, and patient satisfaction were measured at the end of the study. Results: There was no statistical significance (P P P Conclusions: Health education with problem-based learning approaches is worth promoting as it can help high-risk pregnant women in plateau areas develop better health knowledge, attitude and practice and healthier coping skills. Also, it can improve patient sanctification.

Knowledge and skills of neonatal resuscitation of health professionals at a university teaching hospital of Northwest Ethiopia

BACKGROUND:Competency in neonatal resuscitation is critical in the delivery rooms,neonatology units and pediatrics intensive care units to ensure the safety and health of neonates. Each year,millions of babies do not breathe immediately at birth,and among them the majority require basic neonatal resuscitation. Perinatal asphyxia is a major contributor to neonatal deaths worldwide in resource-limited settings. Neonatal resuscitation is effective only when health professionals have sufficient knowledge and skills. But malpractices by health professionals are frequent in the resuscitation of neonates. The present study was to assess the knowledge and skills of health professionals about neonatal resuscitation.METHODS:An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in our hospital from February15 to April 30,2014. All nurses,midwives and residents from obstetrics-gynecology(obsgyn),midwifery and pediatric departments were included. The mean scores of knowledge and skills were compared for sex,age,type of profession,qualification,year of service and previous place of work of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:One hundred and thirty-five of 150 participants were included in this study with a response rate of 90.0%. The overall mean scores of knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents were 19.9(SD=3.1) and 6.8(SD=3.9) respectively. The mean knowledge scores of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 19.7(SD=3.03),20.2(SD=2.94),19.7(SD=4.4) and 19.6(SD=3.3) respectively. Whereas the mean scores of skills of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 7.1(SD=4.17),6.7(SD=3.75),5.7(SD=4.17) and 6.6(SD=3.97) respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents about neonatal resuscitation were substandardized. Training of neonatal resuscitation for midwives,nurses and residents should be emphasized.

Training of health personnel to improve knowledge and skills in taking Pap: Effect of an educational intervention to prevent cervical cancer

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention to improve knowledge and skills in taking Pap smear conducted by health staff implementing the program on Early Detection of Cervical Cancer. Methods: A quasiexperimental, longitudinal and prospective study, held from October 25 2010 to April 11, 2011 at a hospital in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. To select groups applied a non-probabilistic convenience sampling that was composed of 28 people, 15 for the study group and 13 to the control group. The study group received training that was divided into three phases in which assessed the knowledge and skills taking the smear, the control group received conventional training offered by your workplace. Papanicolaou quality was measured before and after the intervention. The reference used international classification system Bethesda 2001. For data analysis we used the Student t test. Results: The study group increased knowledge (t = 8.768, p = 0.000) in the management of official standards, in the anatomy of the lower female genital tract and in the form of testing. Technical skills (t = 8.639, p = 0.000) also increased in the study group after the intervention. The control group showed no significant changes. The quality report of the samples in the study group increased from 60% to 86.7% and in the control group decreased from 92.3% to 84.6%. Conclusions: The training is effective in improving the knowledge and skills in taking Pap. Health staff who received the training improved their performance and showed more interest in providing high quality service to women.

On the Ecological Evaluation of Iranian Secondary Schools English Language Course Books in Light Intercultural Communicative Competence： Knowledge, Skills, and Attitude

With the spread of English language around the world and its status as an international language, the need for more communication is felt. One pivoting aspect of this communication is the role of culture which can contribute to the success of communication at the global level and the co-construction of identities as individuals from different parts of the world get into interactions. Thus, the role of materials developed for learning English, especially the local ones, in the improvement of individuals＇ intercultural competence is significant. New course books for learning English at Iranian secondary schools entitled Prospect series have been developed recently. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the first and the second books of this series in light of Byram＇s model of Intercultural Communicative Competence （1CC）. Based on this model, ICC consists of three dimensions of attitude, knowledge, skills, and five saviors of knowledge, attitude, discovery, interaction, and critical thinking. To do the evaluation of the course books, the checklist developed based on these five saviors was used to evaluate the tasks for each unit of the books. The evaluation was done separately by each of the researchers in the study and inter-rater reliability showed a high level of Cronbach alpha. The findings indicated that about 90 percent of the activities of Prospect 1 and Prospect 2 lack the skills required for improving English language learners＇ ICC. They mostly focus on Iranian culture which might have been improved via learners＇ first language as well. This might imply the need for the adaptation of Prospect series activities in light of ICC so that Iranian English language learners can take advantage of their communication with the rest of the world.

Triptych Knowledge—Skills—Payroll and Business Performance: Application of an Operational Model for an Accounting Rating of the Human Capital in the Area of Distribution

The human capital’s accounting could allow companies to better manage the acquired knowledge and the skills developed by the employees when they join the firm.An operational model,suitable for a business enterprise’s HR manager and validated by its headboard,needs to include the employees’expertise and skills relative to their“cost”for the employer—the wage bill—and an assessment of the commercial performance.The human capital’s valuation includes methodological issues.Besides,the notion of human capital seems hardly understandable as a whole:The human capital gathers nevertheless components,such as knowledge—skills for which a first valuation can be proposed to test an accounting evaluation model for the operational human capital.In a perspective of a responsible management and a good HR policy,the method used must be able to better manage the knowledge and the competences employees acquired by accompanying them with the appropriate human resource management practices.This paper aims to show that the accounting valuation of human capital can become a tool in order to manage the knowledge and skills acquired and able to support a company’s human resources policy while being useful to its commercial performance—here in the distribution sector.In a research-intervention frame led in a responsible group,we use a model based on a triptych—wage bill,knowledge,and skills—to evaluate the human capital’s accounting,with an analytical highlight on the components measurement of the used“knowledge”and“skills”indexes in particular.A reflection on the operational model’s enrichment is proposed.

Evidence-based practice with knowledge, attitude and practice of ophthalmic nursing staffs: a cross-sectional study in south China

Background:This study aims to investigate the current status and influencing factors of evidence-based practice(EBP)with knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of ophthalmic nursing staffs in south China.Methods:Using a convenient sampling method,we selected 429 ophthalmic nursing staffs from 28 ophthalmology specialist hospitals or general hospitals in south China,and investigated their general information and implemented the evidence-based practice questionnaire(EBPQ).Results:The scores of EBP and KAP of ophthalmic nursing staffs in south China from high to low were as follows:practical attitude(4.85±1.07 points),practical behavior(4.42±1.14 points),practical knowledge and skills(4.30±0.65 points).The single factor analysis results showed that the first graduation degree,technical title,scientific research achievements,whether or not participate in EBP training,the frequency of reading literature at ordinary time,and whether or not participate in EBP project were the influencing factors of EBP level;the multi-factor analysis results showed that EBP attitude,EBP knowledge and skills,whether or not participate in EBP training were independent influencing factors of EBP.Conclusions:The ophthalmic nursing staffs in south China have a positive attitude towards EBP,however,their EBP knowledge,skills and behavioral capabilities need to be focused and improved.The ophthalmic nursing administrators should fully master the factors affecting the implementation of EBP,and take effective intervention measurement to improve the EBP abilities of ophthalmic nursing staffs,and promote the development of EBP in ophthalmology specialty.

Effect of “Four Passes” Training and Assessment of Nurse Specialty Knowledge on the Cultivation of Core Competence of Clinical Nurses

Background: With the development of high quality nursing service, hospitals put forward higher requirements for nurses’ service level. In recent years, the number and quality of specialized nurses remain to be improved despite the remarkable achievements in the construction of specialized nurses. Objective: This study intended to explore a standardized training mode for nurses oriented by training and assessment of nursespecialty knowledge and to summarize the practical experience of this mode. Methods: The training and assessment program was formulated by starting from the objectives of training clinical front-line nursing staff in our hospital, and the standard training and assessment were carried out from four aspects: the specialized disease knowledge, the condition observation and reporting ability, emergency and severe disease nursing, and perioperative accelerated rehabilitation guidance. These four items are hereinafter referred to as “Four Passes” training and assessment, and it was practiced in the assessment and training of nurses in our hospital from 2020 to 2022. Results: A total of 915 front-line caregivers were surveyed in our study, including 772 nurses and 143 doctors. After two years of implementation, the self-evaluation of nurses increased from (2.96 ± 0.79) points to (3.64 ± 0.78) points, and the evaluation score by doctors increased from (3.94 ± 0.74) points to (4.26 ± 0.72) points. The core competence of specialty increased from (69.22 ± 16.53) points to (85.42 ± 14.44) points. The scores of all dimensions after training were higher than those before training, with statistical significances. Conclusion: The “Four Passes” training and assessment of nurse specialty knowledge can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of managers and nurses in all departments, ensure solid specialty knowledge, improve nurses’ core competence, improve nursing quality, and create a harmonious relationship between nurses and patients as well as between doctors and patients.

Skill Analysis of Highly Skilled Worker in Optical Fiber Fusion Splicing

In this study, information related to optical fiber fusion splicing skills is consolidated by extracting explicit knowledge of the proficiency levels of skilled technicians in two ways. The first is to visually capture and quantify those skills by identifying differences in the skill levels of a nationally certified technician and a highly skilled expert technician using motion capture software, the other is to explore the relevance of the operation and thinking processes by interviewing the expert technician and then attempt to quantify empirical tacit knowledge by an analysis of mobile tracking views using motion capture software. The results show that a technician＇s ability to engage in ＂sensory thinking＂, such as the proper management of visual and tactile cues, is the most important component of his or her proficiency during optical fiber fusion splicing operations, and it was clear that operations were complemented when work path movements were reduced.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of sexual skills training on increasing marital satisfaction

Background and Aims: Dissatisfaction with sexual relationships can influence the marital life of people and have negative psychological effects on them. Hence, the current research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of sexual skills training on marital satisfaction. Methods: The study design was quasiexperimental with pre-test and post-test type along with a control group. The research samples included 14 couples (28 people) who were randomly divided into experimental and control groups to evaluate the effect of sexual medicine intervention. Interventions were provided to the experimental group during 9 sessions. Control group did not receive any interventions during this time. Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (short form) was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 19, software. Results and Conclusion: The results revealed that sexual skills training increased marital satisfaction (p<0.01). Thus, based on the results obtained and the importance of sexual skills training in increasing marital satisfaction, psychotherapists and counselors are recommended to use this intervention to reduce marital problems and increase satisfaction in couples.

慕课在普通外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用效果

目的分析慕课在普通外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用效果。方法选择2021年1月—2022年1月在佳木斯大学院临床医学院轮转的100名普通外科住培医师为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(传统临床教学模式)和观察组(慕课结合传统临床教学模式),每组50名。比较2组的评判性思维、理论考核、操作技能、手术技巧、医患沟通能力评分及满意度。结果开课前,2组住培医师的评判性思维评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);开课后,观察组住培医师的评判性思维评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组住培医师的理论考核、操作技能、手术技巧、医患沟通能力评分[(91.32±5.23)分、(94.66±3.54)分、(8.96±1.15)分、(9.32±0.23)分]高于对照组[(86.69±4.56)分、(88.67±5.64)分、(7.01±1.12)分、(7.69±1.56)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组住培医师的满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论慕课对普通外科住院医师规范化培训的综合应用价值更高,在对住培医师的临床教学中,采用慕课的教学模式能进一步提升外科住院医师的批判性思维、理论知识以及实践技能,同时外科住院医师对培训结果的满意度更高,该临床教学模式的综合价值较高。

高中生英语学习困难的表现、原因与对策

改革开放以来,我国的外语教育取得了长足进步,但仍存在诸多问题。通过对来自全国30个省、自治区及直辖市的527名高中生进行调查研究及分析发现,50%以上的高中生在语法学习和词汇学习方面存在困难,30%以上的高中生在语音学习方面存在困难。学习困难主要表现在语法点混淆和语法运用、词汇记忆、基本读音上。在英语技能方面,高中生在说、写、听、读上依次存在学习困难。造成英语学习困难的原因包括语言交流及训练环境的缺失、技能本身难度、个人心理因素等。应对困难,可以从外语教学、教材使用、学生能力培养、测评体系完善等方面进行改进。

新文科背景下高等学校法学教育的三个维度

培育时代新人是新文科建设的根本任务。法治中国建设,关键靠人。高等学校法学教育不仅是法学知识与职业技能的传授,更重要的是培养学生坚守法律职业道德、笃定法治信仰。法学知识与职业技能的传授是高等学校法学教育的基础,法律职业道德教育是高等学校法学教育的关键环节,法治信仰教育是高等学校法学教育的终极价值。

课程思政背景下大学英语教师教学评价素养探析

课程思政背景下的大学英语教师教学评价素养结构就是由三维度(素养、评价、教学)、六要素(评价情感、评价知识、评价技能、评价阶段、评价反思和评价监督)构成分层次的立体结构。英语教师思政教学评价素养的发展就是教师的评价知识、评价技能及评价情感通过内在的评价反思,以及外在的评价监管在课前、课中、课后不断发展、达到动态平衡的过程。要提高大学英语教师评价素养,教师自身应反思大学英语思政课堂评价质量,提高教学评价效果;学校形成评价监督机制,规范教师评价行为,并为教师提供评价实践机会,提高教师评价实践能力。

《21世纪资本论》中的教育与社会平等关系问题探讨

托马斯·皮凯蒂的《21世纪资本论》认为,资本的回报率高于经济的增长率是导致社会不平等的根源。教育对于降低收入不平等起着关键性的作用,但并非充分条件。教育促进收入平等需要有市场开放、经费充足和政府高效等外部条件。提升教育质量,重视职业培训,具备良好的教育政策,扩大教育民主,实现教育平等是教育促进收入平等的内在要求。皮凯蒂认为当前英美等发达国家教育并未很好地起到促进社会平等的作用。而批评者们认为皮凯蒂对社会不平等的分析过于简单,忽视教育商品化,存在以偏概全的方法论缺陷等。皮凯蒂观点的启示在于,教育不仅是经济不平等的承受者,也是不平等的改变者;教育不是技能不匹配的唯一根源;要重视教育改变社会不平等的内外制度建设;正确应对技术发展的两面性;要构建中国特色社会主义教育现代化体系。

知识技能大赛在麻醉科临床实习带教中的应用效果

目的:探讨知识技能大赛在麻醉科临床实习带教中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年7月—2022年12月于广州医科大学附属第一医院麻醉科实习的麻醉专业本科学生50名作为研究对象,其中于2021年7—12月进行实习的25名学生作为对照组,于2022年7—12月进行实习的25名学生作为试验组。对照组实施常规带教模式,试验组在对照组基础上,于实习第40周进行知识技能竞赛带教模式。比较两组考核成绩、教学效果。结果:试验组理论考试成绩、技能操作考试成绩、出科考试成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组自主学习能力、临床分析能力、临床操作能力、专业素养评分及总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:知识技能大赛在麻醉科临床实习带教中的应用效果较好,可提高学生理论考试成绩、技能操作考试成绩、出科考试成绩,保证教学质量。

第一目击者急救知识技能导师培训模式探讨与实践

目的 分析2018—2022年湖南省第一目击者急救知识技能导师培训的情况,探讨适合我国第一目击者导师培训的特点及模式。方法 通过规范第一目击者急救知识技能导师培训的课程设计、信息化平台建设及质量管理控制,总结导师培训的特征及考核评价效果。结果 2018—2022年湖南省共培训第一目击者急救知识技能导师4 504名,主要由医护人员组成,占98.8%;83.42%为中级及以上职称。设计第一目击者急救知识技能导师培训课程和考核方式,导师经培训后考核,理论成绩为(96.11±3.61)分,心肺复苏操作评分为(90.49±2.90)分,AED使用评分为(90.37±3.09)分,创伤四项操作评分为(88.90±3.37)分。导师在理论课程、心肺复苏操作、AED使用、创伤四项操作四方面的掌握程度同质性较好。结论 第一目击者急救知识技能导师培训的模式具有科学性与合理性,值得进一步推广。

新质生产力视角下高素质技术技能人才创新能力培养研究

在产业迭代升级过程中,以科技创新引领新质生产力加快发展,培养具有创新思维与创新能力的高素质技术技能人才成为教育界、企业界以及学术界关注的焦点。在探究新质生产力对职业教育的现实要求以及促进高职教育变革的内在逻辑的基础上,从创新育人模式、提升供需匹配度、加强创新与应用能力培养三个方面提出新质生产力促进高素质技术技能人才培养质量提升路径。结合济南职业学院的“雏鹰计划”创新能力提升实践进行具体阐述,从知识创造的四个阶段(社会化、外在化、组合化、内在化)探索“项目—情景—创意—实践—创新—成果—转化”螺旋上升的七阶创新能力成长路径。

SPOC教学模式联合CBL教学法在超声诊断学教学中的应用研究

目的研究和分析在超声诊断学教学中应用小规模限制性在线课程(small private online course,SPOC)教学模式联合案例教学法(case-based learning,CBL)的教学效果。方法将200名于2020年1—10月在齐齐哈尔医学院附属第二医院进行超声影像实习的学生纳入至对照组,将189名于2021年1月—2021年10月在齐齐哈尔医学院附属第二医院进行超声影像实习的学生纳入至观察组,对照组学生所用教学方法为传统教学模式,观察组学生所用教学方法为SPOC教学模式联合CBL教学法,调查和对比2组教学效果,对比2组学生基础知识、实践技能、临床思维成绩以及2组学生教学评价。结果观察组的教学效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。观察组理论知识成绩为(87.47±2.41)分、实践技能成绩为(85.56±2.15)分、临床思维成绩为(88.63±5.82)分,均高于对照组的(82.52±2.57)分、(82.01±1.74)分和(81.64±5.87)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。观察组学生完整描述超声图特征及部分描述超声图特征占比高于对照组学生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将SPOC教学模式联合CBL教学法应用于超声诊断学教学过程中能够有效激发学生的学习兴趣和学习积极性,可丰富其理论知识、强化其操作技能并有助于培养和增强学生的临床思维能力,能够使教学效果得到提高,可准确描述超声图特征,对于提升教学质量和教学水平有重要意义。

知行合一的教学方法在医学生心肺复苏技能培训中的应用研究

目的:探讨知行合一的教学方法在医学生心肺复苏技能培训中的应用效果。方法:选取山西科大学临床医学5+3一体化医学生108人作为研究对象,2018级为对照组,2020级为观察组,每组54人。对照组采用传统教学方法进行心肺复苏技能培训,观察组采用知行做合一的教学方法进行培训,通过对比两组理论和技能测试成绩,评估知行合一的教学方法的满意度及培训效果。结果:观察组理论测试成绩和技能成绩均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组培训效果(心肺复苏实践操作能力和参加心肺复苏急救的信心)明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在问卷调查中,观察组满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:知行合一教学方法在急诊心肺复苏教学中具有显著的应用效果,能够提高学生的学习成绩和教学满意度。

新质生产力需求视域下高校教师能力提升策略

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