This paper elaborates upon the purpose of macro economicroponalization and inter-provincial planning and coordination under thesocialist market system. It descnbes the characteristics and orgarnzationalforms of macro ...This paper elaborates upon the purpose of macro economicroponalization and inter-provincial planning and coordination under thesocialist market system. It descnbes the characteristics and orgarnzationalforms of macro economic regions and the principle of macro economic regionalization. The six macro economic regions-Northeast China, NorthChina, Northwest China, Middle-East China, Southwest China and South China-are divided in the paper. At the end, the paper describes somemajor programs, which requires cooperation among various involvedprovinces.展开更多
[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the spatial patterns of comparative advantage of watermelon production in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, to pro-vide theoretical basis for the development of watermelon indust...[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the spatial patterns of comparative advantage of watermelon production in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, to pro-vide theoretical basis for the development of watermelon industry in China. [Method] Based on the agricultural statistics data of Guangxi and al over China, yield com-parative advantage （YCA） index, efficiency comparative advantage （ECA） index, scale comparative advantage （SCA） index, concentration ratio comparative advantage （CRCA） index, comprehensive comparative advantage （CCA） index, ratio of yield per unit area （RYPA） index and sowing area ratio （SAR） index were established and calculated to determine the watermelon production comparative advantages in 31 provinces （cities） in China. Spacial patterns of the comparative advantages were produced by using GIS software. [Result] Nine provinces Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Hebei, Hubei, Jiangsu, Hunan, Zhejiang and Guangxi were the dominant regions in watermelon production al over the country. The Central and Eastern China showed the integrated comparative advantage in watermelon production, while the Southern, Northeastern, Northern and Northwestern China can be considered as the potential places for watermelon production in future. Southwest China gave more priority to watermelon production, so the comparative advantages kept increasing here. [Con-clusion] Based on this study, watermelon production should be a prior consideration among the agricultural products in Guangxi. Related measures should be developed to optimize the regional distribution of watermelon in Guangxi and China to promote healthy competition in watermelon production.展开更多
More than 240 items of historical records containing climatic information were retrieved from official historical books, local chronicles, annals and regional meteorological disaster yearbooks. By using moisture index...More than 240 items of historical records containing climatic information were retrieved from official historical books, local chronicles, annals and regional meteorological disaster yearbooks. By using moisture index and flood/drought （F/D） index obtained from the above information, the historical climate change, namely wet-dry conditions in borderland of Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region （BSGN, mainly included Ningxialu, Hezhoulu, Gongchanglu, Fengyuanlu and Yan＇anlu in the Yuan Dynasty） was studied. The results showed that the climate of the region was generally dry and the ratio between drought and flood disasters was 85/38 during the period of 1208-1369. According to the frequencies of drought-flood disasters, the whole period could be divided into three phases. （1） 1208-1240： drought dominated the phase with occasional flood disasters. （2） 1240-1320： long-time drought disasters and extreme drought events happened frequently. （3） 1320-1369： drought disasters were less severe when flood and drought disasters happened alternately. Besides, the reconstructed wet-dry change curve revealed obvious transition and periodicity in the MongoI-Yuan Period. The transitions occurred in 1230 and 1325. The wet-dry change revealed 10- and 23-year quasi-periods which were consistent with solar cycles, indicating that solar activity had affected the wet-dry conditions of the study region in the Mongol-Yuan Period. The reconstructed results were consistent with two other study results reconstructed from natural evidences, and were similar to another study results from historical documents. All the above results showed that the climate in BSGN was characterized by long-time dry condition with frequent severe drought disasters during 1258 to 1308. Thus, these aspects of climatic change, might have profound impacts on local vegetation and socio-economic system.展开更多
本文基于IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)报告中对气候变化背景下脆弱性的定义,从暴露程度、敏感性、自身恢复能力和环境适应能力4个方面建立了干旱灾害脆弱性评价模型。以辽西北地区的玉米干旱灾害作为研究对象,根据...本文基于IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)报告中对气候变化背景下脆弱性的定义,从暴露程度、敏感性、自身恢复能力和环境适应能力4个方面建立了干旱灾害脆弱性评价模型。以辽西北地区的玉米干旱灾害作为研究对象,根据干旱灾害脆弱评价模型选取了气象因子、玉米生理因子以及经济社会因子等17项指标,运用熵权法、加权综合评价法计算得到了辽西北地区玉米干旱脆弱性指数。为了验证和检验模型的适用性,选取了辽西北1999年、2000年、2001年和2006年4个典型干旱年份,将玉米干旱脆弱性指数划分为5个等级,借助GIS技术绘制了玉米干旱脆弱性区划图。结果表明:辽西北玉米干旱脆弱性强的区域主要集中在西部地区的阜新、朝阳、葫芦岛一带。重度以上脆弱性区域范围比例表现为2006年>1999年>2001年>2000年的规律;其中,2006年脆弱性最强,影响面积最广,造成的损失也最严重,与实际灾情变化规律一致。分析2006年的玉米干旱脆弱性,多数区域是由玉米生长季的降水异常引起的。通过对4个典型干旱年份的玉米干旱脆弱性指数与玉米减产率进行回归分析,发现二者之间基本吻合,通过了α=0.05的显著性F检验,说明利用该模型对玉米干旱脆弱性的评价与区划是合理的,可以用来评价和预测玉米干旱脆弱性、干旱灾害风险以及因干旱造成的玉米产量损失。研究结果可为当地农业干旱灾害风险评估和预警提供依据。展开更多
文摘This paper elaborates upon the purpose of macro economicroponalization and inter-provincial planning and coordination under thesocialist market system. It descnbes the characteristics and orgarnzationalforms of macro economic regions and the principle of macro economic regionalization. The six macro economic regions-Northeast China, NorthChina, Northwest China, Middle-East China, Southwest China and South China-are divided in the paper. At the end, the paper describes somemajor programs, which requires cooperation among various involvedprovinces.
基金Supported by Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-26)Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of AgriculturalSciences(GNK2013YZ26)National Space Breeding Project(2006HT100113)~~
文摘[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the spatial patterns of comparative advantage of watermelon production in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, to pro-vide theoretical basis for the development of watermelon industry in China. [Method] Based on the agricultural statistics data of Guangxi and al over China, yield com-parative advantage （YCA） index, efficiency comparative advantage （ECA） index, scale comparative advantage （SCA） index, concentration ratio comparative advantage （CRCA） index, comprehensive comparative advantage （CCA） index, ratio of yield per unit area （RYPA） index and sowing area ratio （SAR） index were established and calculated to determine the watermelon production comparative advantages in 31 provinces （cities） in China. Spacial patterns of the comparative advantages were produced by using GIS software. [Result] Nine provinces Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Hebei, Hubei, Jiangsu, Hunan, Zhejiang and Guangxi were the dominant regions in watermelon production al over the country. The Central and Eastern China showed the integrated comparative advantage in watermelon production, while the Southern, Northeastern, Northern and Northwestern China can be considered as the potential places for watermelon production in future. Southwest China gave more priority to watermelon production, so the comparative advantages kept increasing here. [Con-clusion] Based on this study, watermelon production should be a prior consideration among the agricultural products in Guangxi. Related measures should be developed to optimize the regional distribution of watermelon in Guangxi and China to promote healthy competition in watermelon production.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40471047 No.40871033The Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KZCX2-YW-315
文摘More than 240 items of historical records containing climatic information were retrieved from official historical books, local chronicles, annals and regional meteorological disaster yearbooks. By using moisture index and flood/drought （F/D） index obtained from the above information, the historical climate change, namely wet-dry conditions in borderland of Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region （BSGN, mainly included Ningxialu, Hezhoulu, Gongchanglu, Fengyuanlu and Yan＇anlu in the Yuan Dynasty） was studied. The results showed that the climate of the region was generally dry and the ratio between drought and flood disasters was 85/38 during the period of 1208-1369. According to the frequencies of drought-flood disasters, the whole period could be divided into three phases. （1） 1208-1240： drought dominated the phase with occasional flood disasters. （2） 1240-1320： long-time drought disasters and extreme drought events happened frequently. （3） 1320-1369： drought disasters were less severe when flood and drought disasters happened alternately. Besides, the reconstructed wet-dry change curve revealed obvious transition and periodicity in the MongoI-Yuan Period. The transitions occurred in 1230 and 1325. The wet-dry change revealed 10- and 23-year quasi-periods which were consistent with solar cycles, indicating that solar activity had affected the wet-dry conditions of the study region in the Mongol-Yuan Period. The reconstructed results were consistent with two other study results reconstructed from natural evidences, and were similar to another study results from historical documents. All the above results showed that the climate in BSGN was characterized by long-time dry condition with frequent severe drought disasters during 1258 to 1308. Thus, these aspects of climatic change, might have profound impacts on local vegetation and socio-economic system.
文摘本文基于IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)报告中对气候变化背景下脆弱性的定义,从暴露程度、敏感性、自身恢复能力和环境适应能力4个方面建立了干旱灾害脆弱性评价模型。以辽西北地区的玉米干旱灾害作为研究对象,根据干旱灾害脆弱评价模型选取了气象因子、玉米生理因子以及经济社会因子等17项指标,运用熵权法、加权综合评价法计算得到了辽西北地区玉米干旱脆弱性指数。为了验证和检验模型的适用性,选取了辽西北1999年、2000年、2001年和2006年4个典型干旱年份,将玉米干旱脆弱性指数划分为5个等级,借助GIS技术绘制了玉米干旱脆弱性区划图。结果表明:辽西北玉米干旱脆弱性强的区域主要集中在西部地区的阜新、朝阳、葫芦岛一带。重度以上脆弱性区域范围比例表现为2006年>1999年>2001年>2000年的规律;其中,2006年脆弱性最强,影响面积最广,造成的损失也最严重,与实际灾情变化规律一致。分析2006年的玉米干旱脆弱性,多数区域是由玉米生长季的降水异常引起的。通过对4个典型干旱年份的玉米干旱脆弱性指数与玉米减产率进行回归分析,发现二者之间基本吻合,通过了α=0.05的显著性F检验,说明利用该模型对玉米干旱脆弱性的评价与区划是合理的,可以用来评价和预测玉米干旱脆弱性、干旱灾害风险以及因干旱造成的玉米产量损失。研究结果可为当地农业干旱灾害风险评估和预警提供依据。
