Acupuncture with reinforcing and reducing twirling manipulation inhibits hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats

To observe the effects of different acupuncture manipulations on blood pressure and target organ damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats（SHRs）, this study used the reinforcing twirling method（1.5–2-mm depth; rotating needle clockwise for 360° and then counter clockwise for 360°, with the thumb moving heavily forward and gently backward, 60 times per minute for 1 minute, and retaining needle for 9 minutes）, the reducing twirling method（1.5–2-mm depth; rotating needle counter clockwise for 360° and then clockwise for 360°, with the thumb moving heavily backward and gently forward, 60 times per minute for 1 minute, and retaining needle for 9 minutes）, and the needle retaining method（1.5–2-mm depth and retaining the needle for 10 minutes）. Bilateral Taichong（LR3） was treated by acupuncture using different manipulations and manual stimulation. Reinforcing twirling, reducing twirling, and needle retaining resulted in a decreased number of apoptotic cells, reduced Bax m RNA and protein expression, and an increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio in the hippocampus compared with the SHR group. Among these groups, the Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio was highest in the reducing twirling group, and the Bcl-2/Bax m RNA ratio was highest in the needle retaining group. These results suggest that reinforcing twirling, reducing twirling, and needle retaining methods all improve blood pressure and prevent target organ damage by increasing the hippocampal Bcl-2/Bax ratio and inhibiting cell apoptosis in the hippocampus in SHR.

Discussion on Reinforcing and Reducing Manipulation of Yin and Yang in Acupuncture

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The Clinical Observation of 80 Patients with Diseases of Lumbar Vertebrae Treated by Reinforcing and Reducing Methods of Mani

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Effect of Shrinkage Reducing Agent and Steel Fiber on the Fluidity and Cracking Performance of Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Due to the low water-cement ratio of ultra-high-performance concrete(UHPC),fluidity and shrinkage cracking are key aspects determining the performance and durability of this type of concrete.In this study,the effects of different types of cementitious materials,chemical shrinkage-reducing agents(SRA)and steel fiber(SF)were assessed.Compared with M2-UHPC and M3-UHPC,M1-UHPC was found to have better fluidity and shrinkage cracking performance.Moreover,different SRA incorporation methods,dosage and different SF types and aspect ratios were implemented.The incorporation of SRA and SF led to a decrease in the fluidity of UHPC.SRA internal content of 1%(NSRA-1%),SRA external content of 1%(WSRA-1%),STS-0.22 and STE-0.7 decreased the fluidity of UHPC by 3.3%,8.3%,9.2%and 25%,respectively.However,SRA and SF improved the UHPC shrinkage cracking performance.NSRA-1%and STE-0.7 reduced the shrinkage value of UHPC by 40%and 60%,respectively,and increased the crack resistance by 338%and 175%,respectively.In addition,the addition of SF was observed to make the microstructure of UHPC more compact,and the compressive strength and flexural strength of 28 d were increased by 26.9%and 19.9%,respectively.

Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Constraint-Reduced DCOP

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning（ MARL） is an important topic in the field of artificial intelligence,in which distributed constraint optimization（ DCOP） algorithms have been widely used to coordinate the actions of multiple agents. However,dense communication among agents affects the practicability of DCOP algorithms. In this paper,we propose a novel DCOP algorithm dealing with the previous DCOP algorithms＇ communication problem by reducing constraints.The contributions of this paper are primarily threefold：（1） It is proved that removing constraints can effectively reduce the communication burden of DCOP algorithms.（2） An criterion is provided to identify insignificant constraints whose elimination doesn＇t have a great impact on the performance of the whole system.（3） A constraint-reduced DCOP algorithm is proposed by adopting a variant of spectral clustering algorithm to detect and eliminate the insignificant constraints. Our algorithm reduces the communication burdern of the benchmark DCOP algorithm while keeping its overall performance unaffected. The performance of constraint-reduced DCOP algorithm is evaluated on four configurations of cooperative sensor networks. The effectiveness of communication reduction is also verified by comparisons between the constraint-reduced DCOP and the benchmark DCOP.

Acupuncture at Nèiguān(内关 PC 6) in combination with respiratory reinforcing and reducing method for 38 cases of cardiac neurosis

Objective To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture at Neiguan （内关 PC 6） in combination with respiratory reinforcing and reducing method for treatment of cardiac neurosis. Methods Thirty-eight patients with cardiac neurosis were selected for treatment through acupuncture at PC 6 in combination with respiratory reinforcing and reducing method. With twice per day, treated for 6 days per week, and 4 weeks as one course, the therapeutic effect was assessed after one course. Results Twenty-one cases were cured, 15 cases were remarkably improved, and 2 cases were failed. The total effective rate was 94.7%. Conclusion Acupuncture at PC 6 in combination with respiratory reinforcing and reducing method is effective in treatment of cardiac neurosis.

Twirling reinforcing-reducing manipulation--central mechanism underlying antihypertensive effect on spontaneous hypertension in rats

OBJECTIVE: To investigate antihypertensive effect in rats in order to confirm that twirling reinforcing-reducing manipulation(TRRM) might be the central mechanism underlying the action.METHODS: In the study,^(18) F-2-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography(18 F-FDG-PET)was employed. Fifity-six spontaneous hypertensive rats(SHRs) were randomly divided into a model group, a single-needle acupuncture(SNA) group, a twirling reinforcing group(SNA + TRF) and a twirling reducing(SNA + TRD) group. Fourteen Wistar rats were assigned to the control group. The acupuncture intervention at Taichong(LR 3) acupoint was administered once daily in the SNA, SNA + TRF and SNA + TRD groups for 14 days, with 1 d interval between the two weeks. The blood pressure(BP) of all rats was measured repeatedly and18 F-FDG-PET scans were conducted on the 14 th day. PET images were processed with Statistical Parametric Mapping 8.0.RESULTS: After the intervention, systolic BP showed a significant decrease in the SNA, SNA+TRF and SNA + TRD versus the model groups(all P <0.01) and in the SNA + TRF and SNA + TRD versus the SNA groups(both P < 0.01), with the SNA+TRD group exhibited the best antihypertensive effect(P < 0.01). The key brain regions activated by TRRM were mainly concentrated in the cerebellum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, medulla oblongata, insular cortex, midbrain, thalamus and visual cortex.CONCLUTION: TRRM could significantly lower the BP of SHRs by improving the cerebral glucose metabolism of the activated key brain regions and the underlying central mechanism may be related to the central rennin-angiotensin system and neurotransmission.

Observation on lower-reinforcing and upper- reducing acupuncture method for hyperplasia of mammary gland and its influence on estradiol and progesterone

Objective： To observe the clinical effect of lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method for hyperplasia of mammary gland （HMG） and its influence on estradiol （E2） and progesterone （P）. Methods： A randomized, single-blinded and controlled trial was conducted. A total of 124 cases conforming to the inclusion criteria were randomized by random number table into a treatment group and a control group, with 62 cases in each group. Patients in both groups received acupuncture therapy at the same acupoints, while patients in the treatment group received lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing method, and patients in the control group received even reinforcing-reducing manipulation. The treatment started around 10 d before menstruation and was conducted every other day. Patients received 5 treatments in each menstruation cycle for consecutive 3 cycles. The levels of E2, P and E2/P and clinical efficacy were measured before and after treatment. Results： After treatment, the breast lump size, pain intensity and concomitant symptoms score in both groups were substantially lower than those before treatment, showing statistical significances （all P〈0.01）, and the improvement in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group, and the between-group comparisons showed statistical significances （all P〈0.01）. After treatment, the overall effective rate was 91.9% in the treatment group, higher than 72.6% in the control group, and the between-group comparison showed a statistical significance （P〈0.01）. After treatment, levels of E2, P and E2/P value showed no statistical significance when compared with those before treatment in the two groups （all P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and signs in HMG patients, and produce a better effect than even reinforcing-reducing manipulation. The majority of HMG patients＇ E2, P level and E2/P value were not beyond the normal ranges; therefore, acupuncture showed no substantial influence on E2 and P levels and E2/P value.

Impact on the gait time cycle of ischemic stroke in the treatment with yinyang respiratory reinforcing and reducing needling technique

Objective To compare the difference in the efficacy on gait time cycle of ischemic stroke between yin-yang respiratory reinforcing and reducing needling technique(yin-yang needling)and the conventional acupuncture.Methods Sixty cases of ischemic stroke between

针刺捻转补泻手法对自发性高血压大鼠神经递质及炎症因子的影响

目的通过观察针刺捻转补泻手法对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)下丘脑室旁核(PVN)中神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸(Glu)含量以及血清中炎症因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平表达的影响,探寻针刺调控血压的作用机制。方法27只雄性SHR大鼠随机分配到补法组、泻法组和模型组中。9只Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)大鼠作为空白组。空白组和模型组只进行捉抓固定不做针刺干预,补法组和泻法组均取双侧的太冲穴进行针刺干预。各组每日上午干预1次,周期为14 d,2周之间休息1 d。于针刺第0、3、7、14日定期测量大鼠尾动脉收缩压并记录。实验第14日取材,采用ELISA法检测大鼠PVN中GABA、Glu的含量,以及检测血清中炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α的含量,最后使用HE染色法观察PVN组织病理学改变。结果与模型组相比,补法组和泻法组均能显著降低SHR大鼠血压(P<0.01),且泻法组降压效果更为显著(P<0.05)。针刺后,与模型组相比,补法组和泻法组PVN组织中GABA含量显著增加,Glu含量显著降低(均P<0.01);补法组和泻法组血清中IL-6、TNF-α水平相比模型组显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)。HE染色结果显示:与模型组相比,补法组和泻法组可改善病变情况,细胞总数增多。结论针刺捻转补泻手法可明显降低SHR大鼠血压,且捻转泻法降压效果更为显著,其作用机制可能与PVN中神经递质GABA含量升高、Glu含量降低,以及炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α水平下降相关。

新能源减速器壳体结构设计与轻量化研究

2021年新能源汽车销量330万辆,渗透率14.8%;2022年,汽车总销量2686.4万辆,新能源汽车总销量688万辆,同比增长2.08倍,渗透率25.6%。传统汽车厂及造车新势力都加大了在电动汽车领域的投入。在纯电动汽车竞争日益激烈环境下,加快了产品向高续航、高集成、轻量化等方向的发展。对新能源电驱动系统功率密度、高性价比等方面提出更高需求。为顺应行业快速发展趋势,在满足功能与强度要求下,对减速器进行轻量化设计,是产品设计开发需要重点考虑的方面。

五输穴子母补泻法及其临床应用探讨

五输穴子母补泻法源自《黄帝内经》的补泻理论,经过后世不断丰富完善,形成了比较系统的经络腧穴配伍体系。五输穴子母补泻法的取穴方法主要包括本经子母补泻法和异经子母补泻法,临床中可应用于运动系统、神经系统、内分泌系统、消化系统等多系统疾病。目前,五输穴子母补泻法的研究仍存在研究量较少、临床应用局限、作用机制不明确等问题。未来可将其广泛应用于多系统疾病的研究、治疗当中,并从现代科学的角度探究其作用机制,以期更好地指导临床运用。

减载伸长路径下棕榈纤维加筋砂力学响应

为探究棕榈纤维对石英砂力学性能的增强作用,采用减载三轴伸长试验方法测试了饱和状态下棕榈纤维加筋石英砂的剪切力学性能,计算了棕榈纤维加筋石英砂在不同纤维长度和掺量下的应力-应变曲线、初始弹性模量和割线模量,基于摩尔库伦准则分析了棕榈纤维加筋石英砂剪切强度随纤维配比的变化规律,通过对比素砂和加筋砂在剪切过程中的体积应变及孔隙得出了棕榈纤维对石英砂力学性能的增强作用。结果表明:纤维加筋会增强石英砂在伸长破坏中的应力应变强度,对石英砂峰值应力和残余应力提升效果最佳的纤维掺量和长度为0.9%和12 mm;棕榈纤维加筋石英砂的初始弹性模量和峰值割线模量均随有效围压的增大而增大,整体刚度与有效围压呈正相关关系;纤维对石英砂剪切强度的增强效果只能在低围压状态时显现;在石英砂中添加棕榈纤维减小了石英砂的临界孔隙比及剪胀性。研究结果有助于促进纤维加筋砂的工程应用并提供相应理论参考。

醋药用古代文献研究

[目的]探究醋在古代方药中的作用,继承并发掘醋对于中医药的独特价值,为现代临床提供参考。[方法]结合历代本草及医案中有关醋功效的记载,对醋药用的古代文献加以分类整理,结合醋的气与味、脏腑补泻理论以及脏气法时论,从行气行血、活血止血、敛疮消肿、清热解毒、定风醒神5个方面,探讨醋在方中起到的作用。[结果]醋酸味入肝助其调畅气机,酸补肺助其通调水道,醋香温行气止痛,苦温燥湿化饮,从而破癥瘕、消积聚、化痰饮;醋香入脾、酸阴入肝,通过对肝、脾的调节,起到活血止血的作用;酸补肺,肺主皮毛,且醋性收敛,是其应用于皮肤类疾病的主要原因;醋酸味入肝助肝脏排毒,苦味清热解毒,因此常用于解药物毒、食物毒、虫伤中毒等方中;醋酸入肝主疏泄,醋香入脾可开窍,故亦用于治疗中风昏厥等证。[结论]醋味酸、苦,气香、温,是其在行气行血、活血止血、敛疮消肿、清热解毒、定风醒神方中用作要药的主要原因。且从脏腑补泻理论看,酸入肝;从脏气法时论看,酸对心、肝、肺皆有所调节。系统梳理醋于古代方药中的应用情况,为进一步完善醋入方药的临床应用提供了文献支撑和理论参考。

谢氏上补下泻转移兴奋灶刺营针法治疗五官虚寒证

探讨谢强“上补下泻”转移兴奋灶刺营针法治疗五官虚寒证。谢强不囿历代医家虚证、寒证不可刺营的常规思想,认为虚证、寒证久之多有瘀滞,将刺营疗法应用于五官虚证、寒证中,拓展了刺营疗法的主治范围。谢氏“上补下泻”转移兴奋灶刺营针法临床取穴,以四肢末端为主,五官局部病灶处为应;上病下取,左病治右,右病治左;穴分主应,刺分先后,上补下泻;以应穴应答主穴针气,上下交感,左右相应的临床特点和针法特色,认为脏腑精气盈盛、经脉气血畅通、官窍疏畅清利为生理基础;“阴成形”“阳化气”是为五官虚寒证的病理和治疗基础;“升降出入,升清降浊”是刺营疗效发挥的关键;“从阳引阴”是“上补下泻”刺营顺序的理论基础。

三维编织异型碳纤维预制体的研究

新一代武器装备的快速发展和战略技术指标的不断提高,迫切需要在高性能纤维增强复合材料生产工艺和制备技术方面加速攻关突破。三维编织碳纤维预制体由于其可设计性强,特殊的耐腐蚀性能,耐疲劳性好等优点,在各种武器装备的轻量化、小型化和高性能化上起到了至关重要的作用。以三维编织异型碳纤维预制体为对象,研究数字模拟三维编织动程,分析分散减纱工艺及不等层设计工艺原理,为三维编织异型碳纤维预制体的净近成型的实现作理论参考。

“癌毒”理论指导下的肝癌分阶段治疗

癌毒理论是中医治疗恶性肿瘤的重要理论之一,癌毒是肝癌等恶性肿瘤发生发展的核心病机,相对于同时存在的常规病机而言,癌毒盛衰与邪正消长决定了中医治疗肝癌的理、法、方、药,同时决定了肝癌不同阶段的主要治疗策略:肝癌早期,手术后侧重清余毒防复发;肝癌中期,中西医并重、协同解毒增效;肝癌晚期,中医药扶正为主、辅以攻邪。

C125海上风电超高性能灌浆料的制备及关键性能研究

研究了水胶比、胶砂比、硅灰及降黏增强剂掺量,复合外加剂掺量及UWB-Ⅱ掺量对C125海上风电灌浆料流动度、分层度、抗压强度、水陆强度比及悬浊物含量的影响规律。结果表明:水胶比与灌浆料的流动度、分层度及悬浊物含量正相关,与灌浆料的抗压强度和水陆强度比负相关;胶砂比与灌浆料的抗压强度及水陆强度比正相关,与灌浆料的流动度、分层度及悬浊物含量负相关。硅灰可提高灌浆料的抗压强度和水陆强度比,降低分层度及悬浊物含量,也会降低灌浆料的流动度。降黏增强剂可提高灌浆料的流动度、强度和水陆强度比,但会增加灌浆料的分层度及悬浊物含量。复合外加剂可提升灌浆料的流动度,但会降低灌浆料的强度和水陆强度比。UWB-Ⅱ可提升灌浆料的水陆强度比,降低分层度和悬浊物含量,但会降低灌浆料的流动度及强度。采用1∶1的胶砂比,0.11的水胶比,内掺8%的硅灰与8%的降黏剂,外掺1%的复合外加剂和1.5%的UWB-Ⅱ时,灌浆料性能最优,此时灌浆料的初期和30 min流动度分别为350 mm和330 mm,分层度为2.4 mm,1 d和28 d陆上强度分别为50.3 MPa和137.2 MPa,28 d水陆强度比为98.6%,悬浊物含量为55 mg/L。

开阖枢罐法理论及其基本应用

文章基于《内经》开阖枢理论及经络学说展开研究,结合临床实践,认为针灸、罐法理论同源于经络学说,并将中医学三因制宜思想融入罐法应用方案,在此基础上创立开阖枢罐法理论体系,丰富罐法操作方案,扩大罐法临床适应症,进一步完善罐法理论与应用方案,充实罐法内涵。

陈全新运用“岭南陈氏针法”治疗围绝经期睡眠障碍经验

介绍陈全新教授运用其祖传的“岭南陈氏针法”治疗围绝经期睡眠障碍的特色经验。对该病的认识,陈教授主张在辨病辨证的基础上辨体辨期,即从疾病、证候、体质及围绝经期气血阴阳消长、脏腑功能特点等方面认识和分析病情。陈教授崇尚华佗“针灸不过数处”的学术思想,强调谨察病机,取穴精准,并注意取穴的左右交替。施术时使用“陈氏飞针法”无痛进针,同时配合特有的行针导气及分级补泻手法,重视针感传导和气至病所,疗效确切。