In the flooded lead_acid batteries(FLAB),gas bubbles are initially formed on the surface of the electrodes,which are produced by electrochemical reactions,and then released into the electrolyte.In the present investig...In the flooded lead_acid batteries(FLAB),gas bubbles are initially formed on the surface of the electrodes,which are produced by electrochemical reactions,and then released into the electrolyte.In the present investigation,the effect of surface characterization of electrodes of FLAB on the gas bubble dynamic parameters in the electrolyte flow at different charging/discharging rates(C-rates)are studied utilizing particle image velocimetry(PIV)method.The results show that the capacity of FLAB have a linear behavior due to changes in each of the two parameters of the surface characterization of electrodes and the Crate.At all State of charges(SOCs)of FLAB cells in different tests,increasing average roughness(Ra)and average wavelength of the roughness(λa)in the electrode surfaces,results in an increase in average bubble diameter and bubble rising velocity.Nevertheless,a sharp decrease in the void fraction of bubbles within the electrolyte was observed due to the increment inλa and Ra.Also,the effect of the rising movement of gas bubbles within the electrolyte on the average electrolyte velocity pattern in the gap between the electrodes by changing the surface characterization of electrodes are investigated in detail.展开更多
通过对国内10所高校图书馆的20位资深外文图书采访专家进行问卷调查,得到外文学术图书质量评价的5个重要指标及其权重系数值。通过评价指标向量和指标权重向量建立外文学术图书质量评价体系模型,并选择"数学"学科作为研究对象...通过对国内10所高校图书馆的20位资深外文图书采访专家进行问卷调查,得到外文学术图书质量评价的5个重要指标及其权重系数值。通过评价指标向量和指标权重向量建立外文学术图书质量评价体系模型,并选择"数学"学科作为研究对象,以GBIP书目数据和ISI Web of Science中学术论文数据作为样本数据源,对模型进行实证研究。展开更多
文摘In the flooded lead_acid batteries(FLAB),gas bubbles are initially formed on the surface of the electrodes,which are produced by electrochemical reactions,and then released into the electrolyte.In the present investigation,the effect of surface characterization of electrodes of FLAB on the gas bubble dynamic parameters in the electrolyte flow at different charging/discharging rates(C-rates)are studied utilizing particle image velocimetry(PIV)method.The results show that the capacity of FLAB have a linear behavior due to changes in each of the two parameters of the surface characterization of electrodes and the Crate.At all State of charges(SOCs)of FLAB cells in different tests,increasing average roughness(Ra)and average wavelength of the roughness(λa)in the electrode surfaces,results in an increase in average bubble diameter and bubble rising velocity.Nevertheless,a sharp decrease in the void fraction of bubbles within the electrolyte was observed due to the increment inλa and Ra.Also,the effect of the rising movement of gas bubbles within the electrolyte on the average electrolyte velocity pattern in the gap between the electrodes by changing the surface characterization of electrodes are investigated in detail.
文摘通过对国内10所高校图书馆的20位资深外文图书采访专家进行问卷调查,得到外文学术图书质量评价的5个重要指标及其权重系数值。通过评价指标向量和指标权重向量建立外文学术图书质量评价体系模型,并选择"数学"学科作为研究对象,以GBIP书目数据和ISI Web of Science中学术论文数据作为样本数据源,对模型进行实证研究。
