Vegetative propagation of Litsea monopetala, a wild tropical medicinal plant: Effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on stem cuttings

In this study we investigated the rooting ability and the growth performance of juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings of Litsea monopetala （Roxb） Pers. collected from two mature mother trees preserved in the hill forest of Chittagong district, Bangladesh. The rooting ability of cuttings was studied under 0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% indole-3-butyric acid （IBA） treatments. Significantly better rooting response （p ≤ 0.05） was observed with 0.1% IBA compared to control （0% IBA）. The mean number of roots and the length of the longest root of cuttings in different treatments showed no significant difference （p≤0.05）. After transfer into polythene bags from non-mist propagator, rooted cuttings treated with 0%, 0.1% and 0.2% IBA demonstrated the highest （100 ± 0.00%） survival capacity. The mean number of shoots developed in cuttings in the polythene bags in first three weeks varied significantly （p≤0.05） among the treatments. Effects of three fertilizer treatments, viz. T0 （no fertilizer）, T1 （10g Urea, 20g TSP, 10g MOP dissolved in 1 L water） and T2 （10g Urea, 20g TSP, 10g MOP dissolved in 2 L water） on initial growth ofstecklings were also measured over a 90-days period. The increment of leaf area of stecklings was significantly higher （p≤0.05） under T0 compared with that under T1 and T2 while the increment of stem length, collar diameter and root biomass varied insignificantly among different fertilizer treatments. The results suggest that rooting juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings could be an effective mean of regenerating L. monopetala. The application of 0.1% IBA concentration is recommended for rooting of juvenile leafy stem cuttings and application of fertilizer appeared unnecessary for the subsequent growth of stecklings in polythene bags.

Vegetative propagation of Aesculus indica through stem cuttings treated with plant growth regulators

Cuttage propagation of Aesculus indica was tested by treatments with different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) @ 2000, 4000(ppm), indolebutyric acid(IBA) @ 2000, 4000(ppm) and naphthlcetic acid(NAA) @ 2000, 4000(ppm) in dry formulation in the Forest Nursery, Faculty of Forestry, SKUAST-K, Shalimar.The cuttings treated with IBA @ 4000 ppm and IBA @ 2000 ppm had a sprouting rate of 75% and 50%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of control and other treatments.The highest rooting rate(50%) was recorded in the cuttings with the application of IBA @ 4000 ppm.The cuttings treated with IBA @ 2000 ppm had 25% rooting rate.All other treatments along with control(talc powder) failed to induce rooting.It was concluded that IBA @ 4000 ppm was a better-applied concentration for vegetative propagation of A.indica under Kashmir conditions.

Vegetative propagation ofAesculus indica through stem cuttings treated with plant growth regulators

Cuttage propagation of Aesculus indica was tested by treatments with different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid （IAA） @ 2000, 4000 （ppm）, indolebutyric acid （IBA） @ 2000, 4000 （ppm） and naphthlcetic acid （NAA） @ 2000, 4000 （ppm） in dry formulation in the Forest Nursery, Faculty of Forestry, SKUAST-K, Shalimar. The cuttings treated with IBA @ 4000 ppm and IBA @ 2000 ppm had a sprouting rate of 75% and 50%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of control and other treatments. The highest rooting rate （50%） was recorded in the cuttings with the application of IBA @ 4000 ppm. The cuttings treated with IBA @ 2000 ppm had 25% rooting rate. All other treatments along with control （talc powder） failed to induce rooting. It was concluded that IBA @ 4000 ppm was a better-applied concentration for vegetative propagation ofA. indica under Kashmir conditions.

Successful vegetative propagation by stem cuttings of Tetraena mongolica Maxim.

Techniques have been developed for the vegetative propagation of Tetraena mongolica,a rare and endangered species endemic to the western Ordos Plateau in the northcentral portion of China.The purpose of the study was to investigate the rooting characteris-tics of the plant species from the aspects of length and ages of cuttings,external hormone concentration,leaf retention,cutting orientations,and cutting positions.The results obtained from the experiments indicated that the rooting ratio of 2-year or 3-year old cuttings was larger than more than of 4-year old cuttings.The influence of external hormone concentration on rooting was ob-vious;the rooting ratio of cuttings was increased by external hormone treatment,especially when treated by ABT1(ABT No.1 Rooting Powder) 50 mg/L for 3 hours,in which case,the rooting ratio reached 91 percent.Leaf retention influenced rooting sig-nificantly;the rooting rate of cuttings became greater as the leaf retention increased.There was no significant difference in rooting capability between south and north orientations of the ortets.The rooting ratio of the cuttings obtained from the distal portions of shoots was significantly larger than those obtained from the middle and the basal portions of the shoots.On day three after treat-ment,calluses started appearing at the incisions of some cuttings dipped in 500 mg/L IAA(indole acetic acid).Most cuttings were healed or swelled,and 6 percent of cuttings rooted on day 6 after treatment.Higher rooting period occurred 7-10 days after the experiment was set up.

Vegetative propagation of Holarrhena pubescens,a wild tropical medicinal plant:effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on stem cuttings

The present study investigated the rooting ability and growth performance of juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings of Holarrhena pubescens, collected from two mature mother trees preserved in the hill forests of Chittagong District, Bangladesh. The rooting ability of cuttings was studied with 0, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% indole-3-butyric acid （IBA） treatments. The better rooting response was observed with 0.1% IBA, but was insignificant compared to other treatments. The mean number of roots and length of the longest root of cuttings in different treatments showed no significant difference. After transfer to the polythene bags from a nonmist propagator, rooted cuttings treated with 0.4% IBA demonstrated the highest （50.00± 0.78%） survival capacity. Regarding initial growth of established rooted cuttings （stecklings） over a 90 d period, the increment of stem length of stecklings under T2 （10 g Urea, 20 g TSP, 10 g MOP dissolved in 2 L water） and leaf area expansion of stecklings under T1 （10 g Urea, 20 g TSP, 10 g MOP dissolved in 1 L water） was significantly higher （p 〈 0.05） compared with that under TO （no fertilizer）. The increment of collar diameter and root biomass production varied insignificantly among different fertilizer concentrations, although stecklings under T2 showed the better performance. The results suggest that rooting juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings can be an effective mean of regenerating H. pubescens. The application of 0.1% IBA or without IBA is recommended for rooting juvenile leafy stem cuttings. Application of fertilizer appears necessary for subsequent growth of stecklings in polythene bags.

Rooting of Stem Cuttings with Different Indole 3 Butyric Acid (IBA) Treatments and Development of Micropropagation Protocol for <i>Piper betle</i>L. Node Culture

The present study, conducted during 2016 and 2017 seasons, aimed to investigate the effect of IBA on rooting of Piper betle L. stem cuttings (softwood and semi-hardwood). The experiment was undertaken in misting house field 2 UPM using the sand media to determine the adventitious roots initiation and development using the histological method. The cuttings were treated with different IBA concentrations (0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/L). The nodes explants were used in the development of a protocol for in vitro propagation of P. betle L., with different concentrations of Clorox with different times of immersion (20% Clorox 10 minutes, 30% Clorox 10 minutes, 20% Clorox 20 minutes, and 30% 20 minutes). In multiplication of the plantlets, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of BAP (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/L) were used to investigate the rooting of the explants. The results indicated that the types of the cuttings were different in the rooting capacity and the length of the roots. Moreover, it was found that in comparison with the control treatment, by a rise in the concentrations of the IBA, there was a significant upsurge in the rooting percentage, the root diameter, and the number of the roots. The results indicated that the types of cutting with 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/L IBA perform better in the root percentage (100%) in the semi hardwood cuttings. The best results, however, were 2000 mg/L IBA in the semi hardwood cuttings, with the number of the roots to be 35.05, and the fresh weight of the roots to be 3.94 g, the dry weight of the roots to be 0.33 g, the length of the roots to be 391.88 cm, the roots diameter to be 1.21 mm, the surface area of the roots to be 121.83 cm2, and the root volume to be 2.99 cm3. Nonetheless, the optimal concentration of Clorox with the time immersion was 20% with the 20-minute immersion time, which produced a shoot induction percentage of 30% dead explants and a mean number of 70.00 shoots per explant and the optimal concentration of benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 1.0 mg/L. It is of note that a shoot induction percentage of 22.29% and a mean number of 4.1% number of auxiliary bud per treatment. P. betle shoots in MS medium without PGR MS (0.0) yielded a good rooting.

Development of a Procedure to Maximize Production of Hardy Rootstocks of Citrus Using Stem Cuttings

Shoots of Citrus sp. Kuharske were used to develop protocols for rooting reportedly HLB resistance rootstocks under intermittent mist. Investigated were shoot maturity, nodes per cutting, leaves per cutting, effects of buds, auxin concentrations and auxin solvent. Shoot maturity was most influential for success, with cuttings taken below the first 30 cm of active terminal growth producing greater root generation. Use of a thickening agent (Natrosal) to dilute the commercial auxin was second most in importance for rooting success. Root mass increased with increasing number of leaves. Cutting stems between nodes or below the lowest bud were inconsequential. To produce maximum number of viable cuttings, single node-single leaf cuttings were preferred. Single bud cuttings produced one shoot after rooting. This was adventitious since multi-node cuttings usually sprouted new shoots that would need to be removed before budded. Evaluation of the best combination of auxin and cutting-related attributes were evaluated with four additional common rootstocks in June 2016. Rooting was 100% successful. A quick dip (0.5 s) in a 7500 ppm solution of Dip&Gro produced the most root generation in six weeks for all rootstocks. Root quantity varied by rootstock.

Clonal propagation of guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) by stem cutting from mature stockplants

The study describes the scope of clonal propagation of guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) by stem cutting collected from mature stockplants. Cuttings were treated with 0, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% IBA solution and rooted in the non-mist propagator. Rooted cuttings were allowed to grow in the polybags filled with soil and cow-dung mixed in the ratio of 3: 1 (by volume) for three months to assess the steckling capacity and initial growth performance. The study reveals that the species is amenable for clonal propagation by mature stem cutting. The highest rooting percentage (60%) was observed in the cuttings treated with 0.4% IBA solution followed by 0.2% IBA and the lowest was in controlled cuttings. The maximum number of primary root (32.7) was developed in the cuttings treated with 0.8% IBA solution followed by 0.4% IBA and the lowest was in the cuttings without IBA treatment. The highest survival percentage (70.9) was observed in the cuttings rooted with 0.4% IBA treatment and the lowest (58.3) was in the cuttings without any treatment. However, there was no significant variation in height growth of cutlings due to IBA treatments in rooting.

Rooting of Stem Cuttings of <i>Jatropha platyphylla</i>(Euphorbiaceae) in the Obtaining of Axillary Buds for Grafting

Jatropha platyphylla is considered as a potential source of edible protein, oil, and phenolic compounds with anti-inflammatory activity. The use of stem cutting in vegetative propagation and grafting is as indispensable tools for mass multiplication of superior genotypes and helps in improve planting yield and quality. The study was aimed to investigate the effect of different diameters (10 - 15, 16 - 25 and 26 - 35 mm) and different hormone concentrations of indo-butyric acid (0, 1.5, 3, 6 and 10 g/L), in the rooting of Jatropha platyphylla and to obtain axillary buds to performed grafts. Rooting efficiency was 80% in greenhouse conditions. Hormone concentration and diameter significantly affected the rooting and shooting ability of Jatropha platyphylla stem cuttings. Stem cuttings of 26 - 35 mm have the greatest number, length and dry root weight. 76% survival of the grafted plants was obtained. This demonstrates the necessity to improve the conventional propagation methods with appropriate scientific inputs for more economical and time efficient techniques for standard propagation protocols.

大蒜收获机设计与试验研究

针对大蒜收获过程中蒜农劳动强度大、收获效率低、蒜茎未被收获等问题,设计了一种大蒜收获机,阐述了其主要结构与工作原理,并对挖掘输送装置和蒜茎切割装置等关键部件进行了研究。以前进速度、入土角和切割速度为试验因素,以大蒜挖出率和收集蒜茎率为试验指标,进行响应面试验设计及其参数优化,完成大蒜和蒜茎收获试验。结果表明:当前进速度0.25 m/s、入土角15°、切割速度0.3 m/s时,大蒜挖出率为94.2%,收集蒜茎率为92.4%。研究结果可为大蒜收获机的研发提供设计依据。

Effect of Leafy and Leafless Greenwood, Softwood and Hardwood Cuttings Success of <i>Garcinia kola</i>(Heckel)

Garcinia kola Heckel, called “petit cola” in Côte d’Ivoire and “bitter kola” in Nigeria, is a Non-Timber Forest Product of great socioeconomic importance. Unfortunately, this species is threatened due to overexploitation and deforestation. This study tested the effect of leaf area on stem cuttings to regenerate vegetatively in a non-mist poly-propagator without using exogenous hormones. Three stem cuttings types: greenwood, softwood and hardwood (12 - 15 cm in length) were collected from 24-month years old seedlings. The two top leaves of each cutting type were conserved at different leaf area: 0 cm2, 28.25 cm2, 56.5 cm2, 84.75 cm2 and 113 cm2 (entire leaf area). Observations were made on rooting, sprouting and leafing abilities of cuttings depending to treatments applied. Results showed that all cutting types have presented good ability to shooting and rooting. Cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf areas presented the best rooting (94.44% ± 2.42%) and shouting (95.55% ± 2.42%) percentage and longest primary root length (12.03 ± 0.50 cm). Hardwood, softwood and greenwood cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf area had the best rooting percentage (96.66% ± 3.33%, 96.66% ± 5.77% and 90.00% ± 5.77% respectively). The longest primary root length (13.50 ± 0.97 cm) was observed to greenwood cuttings with 113 cm2 leaf area. Regenerated plants in the forest presented well survival percentage (96.66%). This study shows that it is possible to regenerate entire plants by cuttings without using external hormones in non-mist poly-propagator.

Effect of Mineral Acids on Rooting Response of Aging Mung Bean （Phaseolus aureus Roxb,） Cuttings via Indole Acetic Acid Level

The influence of nitric acid （HNO3） as a strong mineral acid on rooting response of fresh mad aging mung bean cuttings has been studied on the level of Indole-3-Acetic Acid （IAA）. The data revealed significant increase in rooting response of fresh cuttings treated with （0.0001% and 0.1%） concentrations of HNO3 solution, significant increase in rooting response of aged cuttings （for 3 days in d/H20） with （0.0001% and 0.01%） concentration of HNO3 solution and highly significant increase in rooting response of aged cuttings （for 3 days in HNO3 solution） with （0.0001%） concentration, while highly concentration （0.5%） revealed highly significant decrease in rooting response compared to control （d/H20）. Quantitative estimation oflAA by spectrophotometric method as indicators for oxidative processes that occurrence during aging phenomenon verified a highly significant increase of IAA content in hypocotyles of fresh and aged cuttings in optimal concentration of HNO3.

Large Scale Multiplication of Casuarina junghuhniana Miq. Clonal Plants through Mini-cutting Technique

The modern concept of meeting the customer’s requirements in better products at low costs in a sustainable manner is possible only through innovative methods.The nodal cutting technique is the most widely used method for large scale propagation of Casuarina,Eucalyptus and other pulpwood species in India.Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited(TNPL)has started large scale multiplication of Casuarina junghuhniana Miq.using mini-cutting technique from indoor clonal mini hedges raised in sand beds.When compared to stem/nodal cuttings,indoor clonal mini hedges raised in sand beds improve the rooting potential,quality of root systems and are time-and cost-saving.The productivity of cuttings is increased five times in indoor clonal hedge orchard than conventional stem/nodal cutting.The rooting percentage also improved to 90%without rooting hormone whereas the same is only 50%in stem cutting.The plant developed through mini-cutting technique has more lateral root system which helps the plants/trees to withstand during heavy winds.Replacing such stump derived stock plants by intensively managing indoor sand bed clonal mini hedges resulted in a noticeable enhancement of cutting capacity for adventitious rooting as well as the overall quality of the plants produced in much shorter period with easier and cheaper maintenance.The study reveals that mini-cutting method is ideal propagation technique for large scale propagation of C.junghuhniana clones in India.

卷烟生产过程中焦油稳定性关键影响因素研究

为探索卷烟生产过程各因素对卷烟焦油稳定性的影响,采用单因素试验方法,分析切丝宽度、切丝水分、烟丝混合均匀度、梗丝加工工艺、烟支重量及劈刀盘规格对卷烟焦油批内均匀性和批间稳定性的影响。方差分析及T检验结果表明,切丝宽度不同对卷烟焦油的批间稳定性有显著性影响,试验范围内,随着切丝宽度的增加,批间焦油量减小;试验范围内,切丝水分、烟丝混合均匀度及梗丝加工工艺影响卷烟焦油的批内均匀性;烟支重量不同对卷烟焦油批间稳定性有显著性影响,随着烟支重量增加,焦油量增大;重量稳定的前提下,劈刀盘规格不同影响烟支密度的均匀性,从而影响卷烟焦油的批间稳定性和批内均匀性。

基于SPH-FEM的油菜茎秆磨粒气体射流切割仿真与试验

针对传统油菜收获切割刀具振动大、茎秆缠绕磨损及效率低等问题,该研究提出一种油菜茎秆磨粒气体射流切割技术,以实现作业机具与油菜无接触式切割和高效低耗收获。采用光滑粒子流体力学与有限元(smooth particle hydrodynamic-finite element method,SPH-FEM)耦合仿真对油菜茎秆射流动态切割过程进行分析,揭示气-固间能量传递规律,获取射流切割动态特性,并搭建试验系统进行射流切割试验验证。研究结果表明,采用4 mm孔径高速喷嘴,射流压力为20 MPa时气流及磨粒最高速度分别为741和411 m/s,约95%加速过程发生在喉管段与扩张段;喷嘴外流场流速呈现先下降后上升的变化规律,射流压力越大速度变化越剧烈;射流束主要通过气体膨胀-收缩-膨胀的加速过程将压力能转化为射流束动能;入口压力从3 MPa增加至10 MPa时,磨粒最大速度提升率从31%下降至11%。当压力超过3 MPa后,随射流压力提高,射流束压力能-动能转换效率显著减小;在相同条件下0.1 mm粒径磨粒的最大速度比0.3 mm粒径磨粒大19%;粒径越大磨粒获得的切割动能越大,0.3 mm粒径磨粒切割动能最大,其次为0.2与0.1 mm粒径磨粒;磨粒速度在120 m/s时可以实现茎杆有效切割,对应射流压力约为0.4 MPa;横移速度为5 mm/s、靶距在10 mm以内可一次切断茎秆,横移速度超过5 mm/s时无法一次切断茎秆;靶距5 mm、横移速度5 mm/s时,可获得最小切割侵蚀体积,切口宽度在1~6 mm之间;射流切割能力主要受横移切割速度影响,切割靶距影响相对较小;茎秆切割效果主要受靶距影响,横移速度影响相对较小。研究成果还可用于其他类似作物茎秆的切割,可为农业非接触式高效切割技术装备的开发提供理论与技术支撑。

簇生番茄果梗超声切割过程仿真与试验

为揭示超声技术应用于簇生番茄切割采收的机理及优势,比较了簇生番茄果梗材料在常规切割和超声切割中的切割力和去除特性。首先测定了簇生番茄果梗和自制超声切割刀的参数,然后基于Abaqus进行仿真,将果梗纤维化,在宏观和微观仿真中对比常规切割和超声切割过程中的应力及去除机理。最后,自制试验台,通过改变超声切割刀的激振频率、输入电压、切割速度和切割角度进行切割力测定试验并采用响应面法的Box-Behnken进行四因素三水平分析,随后观察果梗断面形貌。结果表明:在自制超声刀工作频率(35~37 kHz)和电压(340~380 V)内,切割速度、角度对切割效果影响最显著,激振频率和输入电压在特定值附近时切割效果最好;在36 kHz、360 V、0.125 cm/s、0°的条件下,仿真中超声切割耗时约为8 s,平均最大切割力为0.635 N,相对于常规切割(1.019 N)降低37.7%;试验中超声切割耗时约为5.3 s,所需切割力最大为0.543 N,相较于常规最大切割力(1.017 N)降低46.6%,同时表面粗糙度降低20.9%,试验与有限元仿真的切割力结果误差为8.9%,基本吻合。超声切割可以降低切割力,缩短切割耗时,同时还提高断面质量,减少果梗组织损伤、水分散失,对延长果实保鲜时间具有一定的意义。

基于多传感器信息融合的菠萝果茎切割点位置检测方法

夹切一体的菠萝(Ananascomosus(L.)Merr.)采摘器在进行田间采摘作业时,需要自主确定果茎切割点位置,而菠萝果茎处容易被植株叶片和苞叶遮挡,采用单一图像处理的方法难以准确识别到果茎切割点位置,为此提出一种多传感器信息融合的菠萝果茎切割点位置检测方法。将深度相机和多组光电传感器结合,利用改进的YOLOv5目标检测算法融合RGB-D深度信息,实现对菠萝冠芽顶部至果实底部长度测量,再利用光电传感器信号变化判断菠萝采摘器是否到达冠芽顶部位置,并将冠芽顶部作为起始位置,控制采摘器下降速度和时间,从而保证采摘器底部安装的切割刀准确抵达果茎切割点位置。台架试验结果表明,该方法对真实菠萝果茎切割点检测成功率达到85%,满足菠萝采摘机器人作业过程中果茎切割点检测准确性要求。

茎莴苣F6′H家族基因鉴定及其与鲜切莴苣褐变的关系初探

为深入探究阿魏酰-CoA-6′-羟化酶(feruloyl-CoA 6′-hydroxylase, F6′H)在鲜切莴苣褐变过程中的作用及机制,本研究通过Blastp结合结构域筛选的方法从茎莴苣基因组中搜索鉴定F6′H家族成员,并对其进行生物信息学分析及褐变过程中的表达分析,同时测定了鲜切莴苣贮藏过程中褐变度和总酚含量的变化。结果表明,共鉴定出11个茎莴苣F6′Hs基因,其编码蛋白均为定位于细胞质中的亲水蛋白,氨基酸数在181~840个之间,分子量在20.74~93.35 kDa之间,等电点在5.16~8.36之间,脂肪系数在82.28~102.98之间,不稳定指数为26.13~55.39。鲜切莴苣贮藏过程中LsF6′H9基因明显上调表达,LsF6′H3和LsF6′H11在贮藏4~6 d上调表达,其余基因下调表达或变化较小;褐变度逐渐升高,总酚含量先升高后降低,贮藏6 d时最高。相关性分析结果显示,总酚含量与褐变度呈显著正相关,表明酚类的积累可能是导致鲜切莴苣发生褐变的重要因素;褐变度及总酚含量均与LsF6′H1、LsF6′H2、LsF6′H3、LsF6′H4、LsF6′H9、LsF6′H10和LsF6′H11的表达量呈正相关,特别是总酚含量与LsF6′H9表达量呈极显著正相关,褐变度与LsF6′H9表达量呈显著正相关,表明LsF6′H9可能在鲜切莴苣褐变中扮演重要角色。本研究结果可为深入探究F6′H在鲜切莴苣褐变过程中的作用及机制提供理论依据。

掺配不同形态梗丝的多规格烟支物理质量差异分析

为探索不同规格烟支对梗丝形态适应性,采用不同工艺制备3种形态梗丝,以相同比例掺配制3种规格烟支(常规、中支、细支)中,检测烟支中常规物理指标、卷制适应性指标以及烟支燃烧特性指标,对比分析掺配不同形态梗丝的多规格烟支物理质量差异。结果表明,①薄压薄切梗丝和辊切梗丝的烟丝结构差别较小,整丝率均小于常规梗丝,碎丝率反之;填充值和弹性均表现为常规梗丝>薄压薄切梗丝>辊切梗丝的趋势,其中弹性极差达到14.89%。②对于常规烟支,掺配常规梗丝的烟支硬度稳定性好,辊切梗丝的烟支吸阻较大,但总通风稳定性好,其他物理质量差别不大;掺配薄压薄切梗丝的中支烟支重量标偏、开吸阻标偏和总通风标偏小;掺配辊切梗丝的细支烟支各项常规物理质量指标的标偏均最小。③掺配薄压薄切梗丝的常规烟支含末率和端部落丝量最低,密度一致性最好,而掺配辊切梗丝的中支烟支和细支烟支密度一致性最好。④掺配不同形态梗丝的常规烟支动态燃烧速率、动态吸阻标偏差别不大,随着烟支圆周减小,掺配薄压薄切梗丝和辊切梗丝的中支和细支烟支动态燃烧速率增加和动态吸阻分布一致性增加;掺配不同形态梗丝的常规、中支和细支烟支动态燃烧速率稳定性方面表现较好的分别是常规梗丝、薄压薄切梗丝和辊切梗丝,落头倾向方面表现较好的分别为辊切梗丝、薄压薄切梗丝和辊切梗丝,其中掺配辊切梗丝的常规和细支烟支明显低于另外两者。

柠檬醛猴樟组培苗幼态茎段扦插研究

以柠檬醛猴樟组培苗枝条为材料,研究其茎段、IBA、扦插基质和扦插时间对生根的影响。结果表明,柠檬醛猴樟组培苗幼态茎段的生根率达89.58%,其生根率、根数和根长均显著高于扦插苗茎段;IBA能够显著促进柠檬醛猴樟组培苗幼态茎段的生根,组培苗幼态茎段生根最适IBA浓度为3000 mg/L,生根率达94.79%;清水处理组培苗幼态茎段的生根率为67.71%,高于扦插苗茎段的生根率(54.17%),这是由于柠檬醛猴樟组培苗被诱导恢复了生根能力;蛭石和松树皮混合基质对柠檬醛猴樟组培苗幼态茎段的生根有显著影响,蛭石和松树皮按2∶1或1∶1配比混合茎段的生根率较高,分别为94.79%和91.67%;扦插时间对柠檬醛猴樟组培苗幼态茎段的生根也有显著影响,5月底和7月底扦插,茎段的生根率达到85%以上,9月底扦插茎段的生根率稍低,为72.92%。