南澳Flinders山脉北部的热折射和低压变质作用

南澳Flinders山脉北部,与阿德莱德褶皱带和Painter山构造窗内元古代片麻岩基底不整合面相近的阿德莱德褶皱带下部沉积层序变质作用有关的、异常高的侧向地温梯度,提出了热折射会引发一个独特的区域上广布的与不整合有关的接触变质作用的可能性。应用与Painter山褶皱基底-盖层接触面形态相一致的简单几何模型,通过数学模型揭示了变质作用反映热传导和生热过程的侧向变化存在的可能性。提供的热模型表明,用热传导和生热值的典型值,说明热折射至多提供了1/3～1/2所观察到的变质所需能量。由热折射机制“聚焦”形成的高温流体流的额外对流热可能为基底-盖层接触面附近的侧向地温梯度作出了贡献。

腕踝针结合中药治疗顽固性失眠的临床疗效观察

目的观察腕踝针结合中药治疗顽固性失眠的临床疗效。方法将67例顽固性失眠病人随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组35例,对照组32例。治疗组予以腕踝针结合中药治疗,对照组病人予以常规西药对症治疗,两组治疗4周后,分别观察匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、Flinders疲劳量表(FFS)、临床疗效及治疗结束后3个月两组病人用药情况。结果治疗结束时,治疗组睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、催眠药物及日间功能障碍等7项评分及PSQI总分均较治疗前明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);对照组睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍及日间功能障碍等5项评分和PSQI总分较治疗前有明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。治疗结束时,治疗组PSQI总分及7项评分均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。治疗结束时,两组FFS评分均较治疗前明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);且治疗组FFS评分改善优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。治疗结束时,治疗组总有效率为84.8%,对照组为71.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。治疗结束后3个月,治疗组6例病人继续服用改善睡眠药物,对照组12例病人服药,两组用药比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论腕踝针结合中药相较常规西药治疗能改善顽固性失眠病人睡眠质量及疲劳感,并减少改善睡眠类药物服用,但对病人远期临床疗效有待进一步观察。

Behavioral Characteristics of Pharmacologically Selected Lines of Rats: Relevance to Depression

This brief review discusses the behavioral consequences of two pharmacologically selected lines of rats. Flinders Sensitive (FSL) and Flinders Resistant (FRL) Lines of rats were selected on the basis of differential hypothermic and behavioral responses to the anticholinesterase, diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). FSL rats are more sensitive to the hypothermic effects of cholinergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic agonists but less sensitive to the locomotor or stereotypic effects of dopamine agonists. FSL rats exhibit greater immobility in the forced swim test and reduced social interaction compared with FRL rats, but do not differ in saccharin intake, behavior in the elevated plus maze, or responses for rewarding brain self-stimulation. The exaggerated immobility and reduced social interaction are counteracted by chronic treatment with antidepressants. Because FSL rats were more sensitive to 5-HT1A receptor agonists, high (HDS) and low (LDS) 8-OH-DPATsensitive lines were selectively bred for differential hypothermic responses to the 5-HT1A receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-2-(di-N-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). HDS rats were also more sensitive to the hypothermic effects of oxotremorine, a cholinergic agonist, but selection for this response did not diverge with later selection. HDS rats exhibited greater immobility in the forced swim test than LDS rats and this correlated response could be seen early in selection (generation 3). HDS rats also showed reduced social interaction compared to LDS rats, but did not differ in behavior in the elevated plus maze. These findings confirm that selection for hypothermic responses to pharmacological agents do have behavioral consequences, notably the production of depressive-like phenotypes, which can be counteracted by chronic antidepressant treatment. Because increased 5-HT1A receptor sensitivity was common to both selected lines (FSL and HDS), neurobiological processes dependent on this receptor could contribute to the abnormal behaviors that manifest in these rat lines and thus suggesting a mechanism underlying depressive behaviors in humans. However, available human data are inconsistent with this hypothesis and suggest that other mechanisms underlie these behavioral abnormalities in HDS and FSL rats. These mechanisms as well as additional behavioral testing in these rat lines will be discussed.

澳洲Flinder大学等工作组的急性胰腺炎处理指南(编译)

介绍澳洲 Flinder大学、意大利 di Verona大学、美国华盛顿大学、英国及印度等单位共同制定的急性胰腺炎处理指南。

五音配五色音乐疗法改善老年肝肾阴虚型失眠患者睡眠质量及日间疲劳的效果

目的:探讨五音配五色音乐疗法改善老年肝肾阴虚型失眠患者睡眠质量及日间疲劳的效果。方法:将2020年7月至2021年1月四川省资阳市南津镇养老机构、社会福利院的84例老年肝肾阴虚型失眠患者按随机数表法分为试验组和对照组,各42例,实施分配隐藏。试验组采用五音配五色音乐疗法;对照组采用五行音乐疗法。于干预前和干预后第2、4周末分别采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、Flinders疲劳量表(FFS)评估两组患者睡眠质量及日间疲劳程度。结果:最终共81例患者完成研究,试验组40例(脱落1例,剔除1例),对照组41例(脱落1例)。两组一般资料、干预前PSQI和FFS得分差异均无统计学意义。试验组PSQI总分及FFS得分在干预后各时间点均低于同期对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);重复测量方差分析结果显示:两组PSQI总分及FFS得分的时间、组间及两者交互效应差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组干预后在PSQI睡眠时间、睡眠障碍、催眠药物维度得分组间差异无统计学意义。进一步组内两两比较,试验组干预后PSQI(催眠药物4周较2周得分除外)及FFS得分后一时间点得分均低于前一时间点(P<0.01,P<0.05)。试验组临床疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:五音配五色音乐疗法可改善老年肝肾阴虚型失眠患者的睡眠质量及日间疲劳症状,其疗效优于常规五行音乐疗法,且随时间的推移效果愈佳。

FTA卡常温运输和常规冷藏运输麻疹病毒分离株的比较

目的评估FTA(Flinders Technology Associates)卡在中国麻疹/风疹实验室网络(Measles/Rubella Laboratory Network,M/RLN)运输病毒分离株的应用。方法从湖南和辽宁省选取35株2014年麻疹病毒分离株,同时使用FTA卡和常规冷藏运输至中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所国家麻疹实验室,平行进行实时荧光定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(Real Time Fluorescence Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction,rRT-PCR)检测麻疹病毒核酸,比较循环阈值(Cycle Threshold,Ct)值,Ct值高说明病毒滴度较低。结果统计分析显示,35份病毒分离株FTA卡运输和常规冷藏运输相比,病毒株的Ct值显著上升,平均升高0.96,说明FTA卡常温运输会导致病毒核酸的滴度降低。而不同省在使用FTA卡运输病毒分离株时,病毒核酸的降低程度不同,湖南和辽宁省麻疹病毒株的Ct值分别平均升高2.63和0.29。结论尽管FTA卡常温运输麻疹病毒分离株会导致病毒滴度降低,但不影响对其进一步检测分析,在中国M/RLN麻疹分离株运输方面有较好的应用前景。