QTL Mapping for Wheat Flour Color with Additive,Epistatic,and QTL×Environmental Interaction Effects

To investigate genetic factors affecting wheat flour color traits,a linkage map was constructed using a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population derived from Jing 771×Pm 97034.Main,epistatic and QTL×environment （QE） interaction effects of quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling wheat flour color were studied by the mixed linear modeling of data collected from wheat RIL plants under three different environmental conditions.13 QTLs with additive effects and 55 pairs of QTLs with epistatic effects were detected for wheat flour color traits.The additive-additive interactions （AA） involved all of the wheat chromosomes except 3D.Epistasis accounted for more of the observed phenotypic variation than did the main effect QTLs （M-QTLs）.Our results suggested that dual-locus interactions are widespread in the wheat genome and play a critical role in determining wheat flour color characteristics.In this study,3 QTLs were identified to have QE interaction effects,one of them showing significant QE interaction in E2 environment.

小麦面粉色泽相关基因在河南地方品种中的分布

面粉色泽是小麦品质的重要指标,与色泽相关的低多酚氧化酶和高脂肪氧化酶活性是小麦品质育种的重要目标之一。为了明确河南省小麦地方品种中上述两类酶的基因分布情况,利用4个多酚氧化酶(polyphenoloxidase,PPO)和2个脂肪氧化酶(lipoxygenase,LOX)基因的功能标记对308份河南地方小麦品种进行检测。结果表明,基因PPO-A1a、PPO-A1b在306个品种中具有明确检测结果,携带品种数量为132和174,频率为43.14%和56.86%;携带基因PPO-D1a、PPO-D1b、TaLox-B1a、TaLox-B1b的品种数量为282、26、21和287,其频率为91.56%、91.56%、6.82%和93.18%。在306个品种中,携带低活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合(PPO-A1b/PPO-D1a)、较低活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合(PPO-A1b/PPO-D1b)、较高活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合(PPO-A1a/PPO-D1a)和高活性多酚氧化酶基因型组合(PPO-A1a/PPO-D1b)的品种数分别为166、114、10和16,其频率分别为54.25%、37.25%、3.27%和5.23%,具有PPO-A1b/PPO-D1a/TaLox-B1a基因型的品种有11个,其频率为3.59%,PPO-A1a/PPO-D1b/TaLox-B1b基因型品种数为16个。

小麦粉质量性状对兰州拉面色泽的影响

为了研究小麦粉质量性状对兰州拉面色泽的影响,探索仪器测定代替感官评价和预测拉面色泽的可能性。本文以70个小麦品种磨制的小麦粉为试验材料,聘请专业拉面师傅制作拉面;利用CR-400型色差计测定面团出条前的色泽,感官评价小组评价拉面色泽;统计分析小麦粉质量性状与兰州拉面色泽的关系,同时,分析色差计测定结果与感官评价结果的关系。结果表明,面粉灰分含量、色泽(L*值、a*值)、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、糊化温度是影响拉面色泽的关键面粉质量性状。其中,拉面色泽得分与面粉L*值呈极显著正相关,与糊化温度、灰分含量、面粉a*值、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量呈显著或极显著负相关。在本试验材料性状范围,拉面色泽感官评价得分与色差计测定色泽L*值、b*值呈极显著正相关,与a*值呈极显著负相关;回归分析结果表明,色差计可以解释感官评价63.0%的变异,说明色差计可以较好地反映感官评价结果,可作为拉面色泽评价的技术手段。优质拉面应具有较高的L*值,较低的a*值,即色泽要求为乳黄或亮黄色。