By foaming and carbonization processes under atmospheric pressure, a novel thin-walled carbon foam with developed foam structure was successfully prepared from loose medium component(LMC) separated from raw coal by ex...By foaming and carbonization processes under atmospheric pressure, a novel thin-walled carbon foam with developed foam structure was successfully prepared from loose medium component(LMC) separated from raw coal by extraction and back-extraction method. The influences of foaming time, carbonization time, and micromolecule content on foam structure were investigated by scanning electron microscope and mercury injection data. Moreover, foaming mechanism of LMC was analyzed and expounded. The results showed that spherical pores and uniform ultrathin pore walls constitute threedimensional foam structure of carbon foam and foam structure is developed with well connectivity.The effects of foaming time, carbonization time, and micromolecule content on foam structure are significant. Especially, average pore diameters of carbon foams prepared from the extracts of LMC are much smaller. With the rise of extraction rate, average pore diameter decreases and pore size distribution is more concentrated on the aperture section of 0–10 μm.展开更多
Immobilizing biocomponents on solid surfaces is a critical step in the development of new devices for future biological, medical, and elec- tronic applications. Therefore, numerous integrated films were recently devel...Immobilizing biocomponents on solid surfaces is a critical step in the development of new devices for future biological, medical, and elec- tronic applications. Therefore, numerous integrated films were recently developed by immobilizing different proteins or enzymes on electrode surfaces. In this work, hemeproteins were safely immobilized onto macroporous nickel-based electrodes while maintaining their functionality. Such modified electrodes showed interesting pseudo-capacitive behavior. Among hemeproteins, hemoglobin （Hb） film has a higher electro- chemical performance and greater charge/discharge cycling stability than myoglobin （Mb） and cytochrome C （CytC）. The heme group in an alkaline medium could induce the formation of superoxides on the electrode surface. These capacitive features of hemeprotein-Ni electrode were related to strong binding sites between hemeproteins and porous Ni electrode, the accumulation of superoxide or radicals on the Ni sur- face, and facile electron transfer and electrolyte diffusion through the three-dimensional macroporous network. Thus, these new protein-based supercapacitors have potential use in free-standing platform technology for the development of implantable energy-storage devices.展开更多
泡沫最佳体系为:0.5%的ZY起泡剂(石油磺酸盐)+空气,气液体积比1.2:1。此时的起泡体积400 m L,泡沫半衰期540 s,泡沫视黏度1210 m Pa·s。根据达西定律及质量守恒定律,推导出空气泡沫体系在孔隙介质中渗流时不同测压点的有效黏度μx...泡沫最佳体系为:0.5%的ZY起泡剂(石油磺酸盐)+空气,气液体积比1.2:1。此时的起泡体积400 m L,泡沫半衰期540 s,泡沫视黏度1210 m Pa·s。根据达西定律及质量守恒定律,推导出空气泡沫体系在孔隙介质中渗流时不同测压点的有效黏度μx数学表达式;并根据岩心孔喉直径及泡沫渗流线速度得到泡沫渗流时的剪切速率γ;拟合得到泡沫驱油体系在孔隙介质中渗流时的μx与γ的关系式为μx=Kγn-1,稠度系数K为375.94,幂律指数n为0.33。展开更多
Two-dimensional combustion flame front and temperature profiles of ultra low-calorific gases in porous combustor are investigated numerically.The characteristics of the flame front,high temperature profiles under cert...Two-dimensional combustion flame front and temperature profiles of ultra low-calorific gases in porous combustor are investigated numerically.The characteristics of the flame front,high temperature profiles under certain operating parameters,and the flame propagation process are examined.The effects of operating parameters,such as equivalence ratio,superficial velocity of gas and the wall heat loss,on the flame front and high-temperature zone are analyzed.The results show that the shape of the flame front is gradually changed in the propagation process of the flame.Accordingly,this process results in the variation of the high temperature zone.As the equivalence ratio increases,the inclination of the flame front near the wall decreases gradually,while the combustion flame propagates upstream gradually.The shape of the flame front gradually changes from the trapezoid to the straight-line distribution with downward inclination on both sides.The effect of gas velocity on the shape and position of flame front is contrary to that of the equivalence ratio.On the other hand,the wall-heat loss can lead to the inclination of the flame front near the combustor wall,while the effect on the position of flame is less.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51274201 and 51674260)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20130095110006)
文摘By foaming and carbonization processes under atmospheric pressure, a novel thin-walled carbon foam with developed foam structure was successfully prepared from loose medium component(LMC) separated from raw coal by extraction and back-extraction method. The influences of foaming time, carbonization time, and micromolecule content on foam structure were investigated by scanning electron microscope and mercury injection data. Moreover, foaming mechanism of LMC was analyzed and expounded. The results showed that spherical pores and uniform ultrathin pore walls constitute threedimensional foam structure of carbon foam and foam structure is developed with well connectivity.The effects of foaming time, carbonization time, and micromolecule content on foam structure are significant. Especially, average pore diameters of carbon foams prepared from the extracts of LMC are much smaller. With the rise of extraction rate, average pore diameter decreases and pore size distribution is more concentrated on the aperture section of 0–10 μm.
文摘Immobilizing biocomponents on solid surfaces is a critical step in the development of new devices for future biological, medical, and elec- tronic applications. Therefore, numerous integrated films were recently developed by immobilizing different proteins or enzymes on electrode surfaces. In this work, hemeproteins were safely immobilized onto macroporous nickel-based electrodes while maintaining their functionality. Such modified electrodes showed interesting pseudo-capacitive behavior. Among hemeproteins, hemoglobin （Hb） film has a higher electro- chemical performance and greater charge/discharge cycling stability than myoglobin （Mb） and cytochrome C （CytC）. The heme group in an alkaline medium could induce the formation of superoxides on the electrode surface. These capacitive features of hemeprotein-Ni electrode were related to strong binding sites between hemeproteins and porous Ni electrode, the accumulation of superoxide or radicals on the Ni sur- face, and facile electron transfer and electrolyte diffusion through the three-dimensional macroporous network. Thus, these new protein-based supercapacitors have potential use in free-standing platform technology for the development of implantable energy-storage devices.
文摘泡沫最佳体系为:0.5%的ZY起泡剂(石油磺酸盐)+空气,气液体积比1.2:1。此时的起泡体积400 m L,泡沫半衰期540 s,泡沫视黏度1210 m Pa·s。根据达西定律及质量守恒定律,推导出空气泡沫体系在孔隙介质中渗流时不同测压点的有效黏度μx数学表达式;并根据岩心孔喉直径及泡沫渗流线速度得到泡沫渗流时的剪切速率γ;拟合得到泡沫驱油体系在孔隙介质中渗流时的μx与γ的关系式为μx=Kγn-1,稠度系数K为375.94,幂律指数n为0.33。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Y1090313)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51006029)~~
文摘Two-dimensional combustion flame front and temperature profiles of ultra low-calorific gases in porous combustor are investigated numerically.The characteristics of the flame front,high temperature profiles under certain operating parameters,and the flame propagation process are examined.The effects of operating parameters,such as equivalence ratio,superficial velocity of gas and the wall heat loss,on the flame front and high-temperature zone are analyzed.The results show that the shape of the flame front is gradually changed in the propagation process of the flame.Accordingly,this process results in the variation of the high temperature zone.As the equivalence ratio increases,the inclination of the flame front near the wall decreases gradually,while the combustion flame propagates upstream gradually.The shape of the flame front gradually changes from the trapezoid to the straight-line distribution with downward inclination on both sides.The effect of gas velocity on the shape and position of flame front is contrary to that of the equivalence ratio.On the other hand,the wall-heat loss can lead to the inclination of the flame front near the combustor wall,while the effect on the position of flame is less.
