Foreign Fiber Image Segmentation Based on Maximum Entropy and Genetic Algorithm

In machine-vision-based systems for detecting foreign fibers, due to the background of the cotton layer has the absolute advantage in the whole image, while the foreign fiber only account for a very small part, and what’s more, the brightness and contrast of the image are all poor. Using the traditional image segmentation method, the segmentation results are very poor. By adopting the maximum entropy and genetic algorithm, the maximum entropy function was used as the fitness function of genetic algorithm. Through continuous optimization, the optimal segmentation threshold is determined. Experimental results prove that the image segmentation of this paper not only fast and accurate, but also has strong adaptability.

A Survey on Foreign Tourists’English Translation of Guangdong Tourism Images

Metaphor,constituting culture as well as inheriting one,is a way that human beings perceive the world.The study of cognitive metaphor theory in translation illustrates the process how the people construct psychological images from one culture to another,from one language to another.A survey on Chinese to English translation has been conducted among foreigners to see their intuitive understandings of some Guangdong tourism images.The results found out three different familiarity levels of these tourism images and the English translations from the viewpoint of the foreigners.Translation can be done without understanding the actual meanings,and understanding can occur without being able to translate.

Research and Practice of Visual Image in Task-Based Foreign Language Teaching

Task-based language teaching(TBLT)emphasizes the relevance of classroom tasks to real-life scenarios,while focusing on the learner’s personal life experiences as an important resource for classroom learning.This article is a teaching experiment based on task-based teaching method,which requires learners to complete a picture story about their daily life.The pictures are taken in real life scenes.Teachers plan to combine different task phases with visual images to closely link the tasks to the learner’s personal life and enhance the authenticity of the task.After the task is completed,the teacher understands the learner’s attitude and evaluation of the whole task through questionnaires,and analyzes the feasibility of the visual image applied to the foreign language classroom,the problems worthy of reflection,and suggestions for improvement.

Clinical features,radiological imaging,and treatment strategies of nonmetallic intraorbital foreign bodies:a retrospective analysis

AIM:To provide comprehensive data on nonmetallic intraorbital foreign bodies(IOFBs)by summarizing and analyzing material types,clinical manifestations,imaging features,and treatment strategies.METHODS:Totally 28 nonmetallic IOFB cases treated at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from 2012 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.The types of foreign bodies,clinical features,imaging manifestations,and treatment outcomes were analyzed.RESULTS:Among all cases,67.8%(19/28)of the foreign bodies were organic.The top three entrances were the upper eyelid skin(7/28),lower fornix conjunctiva(6/28),and lower eyelid skin(4/28).In most cases(11/28,39.3%),foreign bodies remained in the medial orbits.The major clinical manifestations included eyelid redness and swelling(20/28,71.4%),conjunctival congestion and edema(17/28,60.7%),and ophthalmoptosis(15/28,53.6%).Infection was the main complication,which occurred in 57.1%(16/28)of all cases.Computerized tomography(CT)values differed for different foreign bodies and varied in the different periods after injury.The plant-and grease-derived foreign bodies and the surrounding pus cysts showed different signals on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The prognosis varied with different foreign body types,surgery timing,and intraoperative management.CONCLUSION:The majority of nonmetallic IOFBs are organic and often remain in the superior,medial,and inferior areas of the orbit.Clinical manifestations vary owing to their different textures.CT and MRI facilitate the identification of foreign body materials.Plant-derived foreign bodies should be completely removed,and surgical treatment is a complicated process.

基于跨模态注意力融合的煤炭异物检测方法

为解决原煤智能化洗选过程中煤流中夹杂的异物对比度低、相互遮挡导致异物图像检测时特征提取不充分的问题,提出了一种基于跨模态注意力融合的煤炭异物检测方法。通过引入Depth图像构建RGB图像与Depth图像的双特征金字塔网络(DFPN),采用浅层的特征提取策略提取Depth图像的低级特征,用深度边缘与深度纹理等基础特征辅助RGB图像深层特征,以有效获得2种特征的互补信息,从而丰富异物特征的空间与边缘信息,提高检测精度;构建了基于坐标注意力与改进空间注意力的跨模态注意力融合模块(CAFM),以协同优化并融合RGB特征与Depth特征,增强网络对特征图中被遮挡异物可见部分的关注度,提高被遮挡异物检测精度;使用区域卷积神经网络(R-CNN)输出煤炭异物的分类、回归与分割结果。实验结果表明:在检测精度方面,该方法的AP相较两阶段模型中较优的Mask transfiner高3.9%;在检测效率方面,该方法的单帧检测时间为110.5 ms,能够满足异物检测实时性需求。基于跨模态注意力融合的煤炭异物检测方法能够以空间特征辅助色彩、形状与纹理等特征,准确识别煤炭异物之间及煤炭异物与输送带之间的差异,从而有效提高对复杂特征异物的检测精度,减少误检、漏检现象,实现复杂特征下煤炭异物的精确检测与像素级分割。

2D-SiC/SiC复合材料的弹丸冲击损伤及冲击后拉伸性能

连续纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料以其良好的高温性能而被广泛应用在航空发动机等高温部件处,但服役过程中容易受到异物碎片冲击,这受到了广泛关注。研究采用轻气炮对化学气相渗透(CVI)技术制备的2D-SiC/SiC试样进行弹丸冲击,利用高速摄像机记录冲击过程,使用光学显微镜和CT观察异物损伤(FOD)的表面和内部结构,探讨了2D-SiC/SiC复合材料的高速冲击损伤特性。结果表明,2D-SiC/SiC复合材料的高速冲击损伤形式包括锥形裂纹、层间分层、纤维断裂以及基体压溃等。通过表征损伤发现,试件背部损伤和边缘处分层损伤由反射拉伸波造成,随着冲击速度提升,弹丸与拉伸波共同作用会造成试件穿透,试件边缘分层损伤减弱。对高速冲击后的试件进行准静态拉伸试验,明确了剩余力学性能与冲击速度、弹丸直径的关系,表明剩余拉伸强度是表征冲击损伤程度的有效参数。同时,采用数字图像相关(DIC)方法获得拉伸过程中的应变分布,并结合不同弹丸直径、冲击速度冲击后的剩余拉伸强度,进一步对比探究不同变量对冲击损伤的影响。研究结果表明弹丸直径是高速冲击损伤程度的主要影响因素。

盆式绝缘子闪络的典型异物红外图像识别算法

分割典型异物像素区域时,难以选取最佳分割阈值,导致识别出的典型异物定位精度较差,由此,提出盆式绝缘子闪络的典型异物红外图像识别算法。去除红外图像脉冲噪声、高斯噪声,通过边缘锐化和灰度均匀化,划分图像目标和背景,利用遗传算法搜索各类图像灰度方差和最大值,将最大值对应的分割阈值作为最佳阈值,分割典型异物像素区域,构建改进BP神经网络,提取分割图像的异物类别特征,迭代训练后,识别周围典型异物类别。实验结果表明,该方法减小定了位边界框与异物矩形框的间距,提高了异物目标定位精度和识别效率。

轨道交通户外站台门与列车间隙背景灯带图像分割算法研究

轨道交通在发车前需要清空站台与列车间隙,否则异物入侵会对乘客与列车运行造成安全隐患,基于背景灯带的异物入侵检测需要对灯带在图像中进行图像分割、提取、识别。针对在户外站台场景下,复杂背景和日光等因素为背景灯带提取带来困难的问题,提出一种无监督的图像分割算法。首先通过卷积神经网络进行特征提取,然后将特征图输入到后续分类器中对所有像素进行类别输出。在训练过程中,使用的损失函数从三方面进行设计:考虑特征相似度和空间连续约束、基于深度支持向量描述以及基于几何与光度增强。算法能够实现单样本无监督对神经网络参数进行调优。通过对某城轨站台真实数据采集及实验结果表明,本文提出的方法在与训练样本不同光照条件、拍摄角度条件下,对背景灯带进行分割的F1分数为78.47%;在性能优于其他方法的同时,耗时最多能减少97.1%;算法为基于背景灯带的异物检测方案提供一种行之有效的图像分割方法,为后续的异物自动检测提供基础。

外国运动鞋品牌形象对中国消费者购买意愿的影响

采用问卷调查和实证分析的方法,应用Biel品牌形象模型,研究外国运动鞋品牌形象对中国消费者购买意愿的影响以及自我一致性的中介效应。运用SPSS22.0和AMOS24.0软件对收集到的问卷数据进行实证分析,分析结果表明,中国消费者购买意愿受外国运动鞋品牌形象和自我一致性的正向影响,自我一致性在购买意愿和品牌形象之间起着中介效应。

我国对外贸易中的品牌营销现状及对策研究

随着全球经济一体化的不断深入,我国对外贸易发展迅速,品牌营销作为提升企业竞争力的重要手段,一直受到广泛关注。随着对外贸易中市场竞争的加剧,企业在品牌营销方面也面临着巨大压力,为了应对激烈的市场竞争,企业需要积极提升品牌形象和市场竞争力。本文通过分析我国对外贸易中品牌营销的现状指出存在的问题并提出相应对策,旨在为我国对外贸易品牌营销的发展提供参考。

跨文化互动视角下旅游目的地形象感知研究——以粤港澳大湾区为例

后疫情时代世界地缘政治格局深刻调整等国际不稳定性因素增多,深入理解跨文化互动对于促进国际旅游健康发展至关重要。以粤港澳大湾区为案例地,探讨外国游客与旅游目的地之间的跨文化互动结构及其对旅游目的地形象感知的影响,通过对来自14个不同国家的16位旅居大湾区的外国人进行自然主义访谈分析后发现:外国游客基于物质、社会、制度、符号四维要素与目的地互动,通过印记、对照、反思、再现4种思维程式,形成对大湾区旅游形象的综合感知。应对当前国际旅游市场消费信心不足、东道国和游客之间潜在文化摩擦风险增多等问题,大湾区国际旅游形象的建构和传播要夯实主客交往的社会基础、加快入境旅游产品升级创新、探索外国人入境旅游便利化政策、加强旅游目的地数字化营销。

高速铁路无砟轨道车载检测图像异物识别方法

针对高速铁路实际运营中易出现的无砟轨道异物问题,提出一种高速铁路无砟轨道异物图像识别方法。该方法基于改进的DeepLab无砟轨道异物语义分割模型,利用该模型对轨道图像的分割结果,可准确获取异物的像素级信息。为提高异物检出率和精确率,在模型的主干网络中引入通道注意力机制,用于关联图像上下文信息,实现模型对待识别区域的加权约束。在此基础上,针对无砟轨道异常检测中样本类别分布不平衡影响模型的问题,对模型的损失函数进行类别分配占比均衡的改进。试验结果表明,该方法可在像素级别上实现对于多种类型无砟轨道异物的识别,在测试集上检测精确率达到90%,检出率保持在95%以上。

民国时期苏州城市形象研究——以在华英文报纸《大陆报》为中心考察

民国时期,在华具有相当影响力的英文报纸《大陆报》对苏州进行过很多新闻报道与宣传介绍,展现出当时苏州城市形象所具有的三大特征:作为“传统中国”的古典景观之都,与上海“对立”的旅游胜地以及“中西交汇”的文艺之城。对《大陆报》相关文本的研究表明,在外文媒体视域中,民国时期苏州城市形象既表现出极其浓郁的中国古典美,成为“他者”眼中“传统中国”的典型符号,又广泛融合时代新兴事物与外来文明成果,彰显苏州城市兼容并蓄的开放胸怀。

新冠疫情时期国外媒体中的杭州城市形象研究——以日本媒体为例

新冠肺炎疫情的持续蔓延,再加上互联网信息技术的高度发展,不仅加速了各个国家信息的实时流通,也充分体现出了媒体对各个国家舆论的引导作用。本文立足于国外媒体视角,对新冠肺炎疫情防控下日本媒体报道中杭州城市形象的变化进行了探讨,并究其原因的同时提出了行之有效的解决对策,希望能够为我国城市形象的良好构建提供参考性意见。

Expansively Hemorrhagic Foreign Body Granuloma at the Pelvis Caused by Microscopic Materials

A foreign body granuloma is a mass lesion consisting of a foreign body with host reaction. Its diagnosis is not always easy in respect of its similarity to soft tissue sarcoma. The most common foreign body is surgical sponge which can be detectable macroscopically. We present a foreign body granuloma in the left buttock caused by microscopic surgical materials that developed into a large lesion. An 80-year-old man with a history of surgery for dislocation of the left hip 20 years earlier, presented with a slowly growing mass that had expanded rapidly over the preceding 2 months. Histological examination revealed organizing granulation tissue surrounding the scattered foreign materials. One should be aware of foreign body granuloma at previously operated sites even without a retained macroscopic gauze sponge.

Clinical Application of X-ray,B-scan,and CT in the Diagnosis of Ocular Foreign Bodies

Purpose:To analyze the sensitivity and specificity of X-ray, B-ultrasound, and CT scan in diagnosing ocular foreign bodies, and to compare the accuracy of these three imaging tools in locating these foreign bodies. Methods:A retrospective review was conducted of radio graphic and clinical eye examination data from 62 patients (66 eyes),suspected of having ocular foreign bodies at time of first presentation to the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (Guangzhou, China) between August 2007 and October 2011. The sensitivity and specificity of X-ray, B-ultrasound and CT scan in the diagnosis of ocular foreign bodies were investigated and their accuracy in locating these foreign bodies was compared. Results: A total of 75.8% (n=47) subjects had ocular foreign bodies; 66% of these were metallic. Patients with intraocular, eye wall,and extraocular foreign bodies accounted for 46, 28, and 26% of the total, respectively. The sensitivities of X-ray,CT scan,and B-ultrasound in the diagnosis of ocular foreign bodies were 58.3%, 61.7%, and 75%, the specificityies were 63.3%, 100%, and 87.5%, and the accuracy in locating foreign bodies was 73.4%, 94.7%, and 86.5%, respectively. The properties of foreign bodies affected the diagnosistic accuracy of X-ray,but exerted little impact upon B-ultrasound and CT scan. Conclusion:A fairly high incidence of ocular foreign bodies was noted in patients suspected with ocular foreign bodies at their first presentations.X-ray combined with CT scan or X-ray in combination with B-ultrasound showed a relatively high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing ocular foreign bodies. CT scan had the highest accuracy in locating ocular foreignbodies. (Eye Science 2013; 28:11-14)

X-ray detection of ingested non-metallic foreign bodies

AIM: To determine the utility of X-ray in identifying non-metallic foreign body(FB) and assess inter-radiologist agreement in identifying non-metal FB. METHODS: Focus groups of nurses, fellows, and attending physicians were conducted to determine commonly ingested objects suitable for inclusion. Twelve potentially ingested objects(clay, plastic bead, crayon, plastic ring, plastic army figure, glass bead, paperclip, drywall anchor, eraser, Lego?, plastic triangle toy, and barrette) were embedded in a gelatin slab placed on top of a water-equivalent phantom to simulate density of a child's abdomen. The items were selected due to wide availability and appropriate size for accidental pediatric ingestion. Plain radiography of the embedded FBs was obtained. Five experienced radiologists blinded to number and types of objects were asked to identify the FBs. The radiologist was first asked to count thenumber of items that were visible then to identify the shape of each item and describe it to a study investigator who recorded all responses. Overall inter-rater reliability was analyzed using percent agreement and κ coefficient. We calculated P value to assess the probability of error involved in accepting the κ value.RESULTS: Fourteen objects were radiographed including 12 original objects and 2 duplicates. The model's validity was supported by clear identification of a radiolucent paperclip as a positive control, and lack of identification of plastic beads(negative control) despite repeated inclusion. Each radiologist identified 7-9 of the 14 objects(mean 8, 67%). Six unique objects(50%) were identified by all radiologists and four unique objects(33%) were not identified by any radiologist(plastic bead, LegoTM, plastic triangle toy, and barrette). Identification of objects that were not present, false-positives, occurred 1-2 times per radiologist(mean 1.4). An additional 17% of unique objects were identified by less than half of the radiologists. Agreement between radiologists was considered almost perfect(kappa 0.86 ± 0.08, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: We demonstrate potential non-identification of commonly ingested non-metal FBs in children. A registry for radiographic visibility of ingested objects should be created to improve clinical decision-making.

基于改进YOLOv5的轨道异物入侵检测算法研究

针对铁路场景图像不清晰,以及存在小目标和被遮挡目标未被检测出等问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv5的异物目标检测算法.首先,计算图像中的直线特征极大值调整自适应参数,利用边界点权重区分出轨道位置;然后,采用CLAHE(Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization)算法增强画面的对比度,降低环境对检测结果的影响;最后,在原有YOLOv5算法的基础上引入卷积块注意力模型,提高特征提取能力,改善遮挡目标和小目标的漏检问题,用CIOU损失函数替代GIOU损失函数作为边界框回归损失函数,加快模型的收敛速度并提高边框定位精度.实验结果表明,模型平均检测精度达到了0.941,检测速度也达到了39帧/s,可以快速且准确地检测到铁路上存在的异物,满足实时目标检测的要求.

域外教科书中国形象话语分析的方法论建构

域外教科书作为海外学生感知中国、认识中国的重要来源之一,潜移默化地影响着该国或地区学习者对“中国形象”的认知。域外教科书中的话语聚集了意义协商、权力博弈、利益斗争、意识形态对抗等关系,具有民族性和时代性、意识形态性、客观性和权威性以及反向建构性等特点。域外教科书话语分析为中国形象研究开辟了新的视野,它包括三个向度的分析,其中文本向度侧重对文本作词汇学、语义学和语用学层面的分析;话语实践向度聚焦域外教科书文本被生产、被配置与被消费的过程;社会实践向度把话语放在了思想与力量的关系上,从而揭示了意识形态与霸权对域外教科书话语制约以及域外教科书话语反向维护、批判和重构意识形态的运行机制。

融合图像处理的大粒度籽棉异纤清理系统设计

针对机采籽棉中滴灌带与地膜等大粒度异纤难以清理的难题,提出一种基于图像处理的籽棉异纤检测与清理系统,系统采用机械与风力技术设计了清除长杂及地膜残片的清理结构,同时设计了棉花异纤图像检测算法。采用高斯滤波对异纤图像平滑处理,通过一阶偏导的有限差分求取梯度的幅值与方向,并采用双阈值法对异纤中大粒度的残、碎片图像边缘进行分类识别与清除。实验结果表明,综合运用机械式清理与视觉检测清除的方法,能够快速准确检测并清理滴灌带与地膜等大粒度异纤,有效提高棉花加工企业异纤清除的效率与效果。