Analysis of Factors Influencing Farmers' Participation in Forest Farmers Cooperatives Based on Empirical Research of Zhejiang Province

Based on field research data of farmers in Zhejiang Province, the authors analyzed factors influencing farmers' participation in forest farmers cooperatives (hereafter referred to as FFCs) by the binary logistic regression model. Results show that understanding of farmers about cooperatives has a great influence on their behavior of participation in FFCs. Besides, educational level of householders and existing member scale of cooperatives also have significant influence on farmers' behavior of participation in cooperatives. Therefore, it is required to strengthen propaganda of cooperatives, deepen their understanding of cooperatives; cultivate new high quality farmers to provide talents for development of cooperatives; establish incentive mechanism to encourage farmers to participate in cooperatives.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Forest Farmers' Enthusiasm for Forest Culture and Management after the Completion of Reform of Collective Forest Right System

Taking Jiangshan City in Zhejiang Province for example,this article uses the binary logit choice model based on the field survey data,to study the factors influencing forest farmers'enthusiasm for forest culture and management after the completion of reform of collective forest right.Finally the following recommendations are put forth:further improving and implementing the forest ecological benefit compensation fund system;reforming the felling management mode and gradually establishing the sustainable forest management system based on forest management plan;improving the technology,market and information services to strengthen the forestry science and technology support;developing the specialty industries such as the bamboo industry and oil-tea camellia industry;developing the under-forest economy and cultivating the underforest industries with characteristics based on the local circumstances.

Effect Evaluation of Collective Forestry Tenure Reform and Forest Farmers' Willingness to Participate in the Reform: A Case Study of Shaowu, Fujian Province

Since 2003, China has carried out the pilot of collective forest tenure reform (CFTR). Inrecent years, there have been lots of researches about evaluation of the CFTR, which are, however,mostly qualitative research with little focus on the quantitative research. This paper used the AnalyticHierarchy Process (AHP) and expert assignment method to define the comprehensive evaluation indexes and monitoring indexes of the CFTR. In this study, the authors did a quantitative evaluation of the CFTR in Shaowu, Fujian Province, which was scored as 0.844, indicating more significant effect. The authors investigated 100 farmer households there, and the data showed that the average household income has grown by 49.2% in the 6 years after the CFTR implementation, while the forestry incomehas grown by 108.3%, indicating that farmers’ income increased significantly after the CFTR. Factor analysis shows that CFTR has been the key factor to increase farmers’ income.

Analysis on Impact Factors for Forest Management Income of Forest Farmers in China

Based on the investigation in Anji County of Zhejiang Province and Ba'nan District of Chongqing, this paper analyzed the characteristics of forest management behaviors of forest farmers in China and the impact factors for forest management income, and then came up with some policy recommendations to increase the forest management income of forest farmers. It argued that the factors to impact on forest management income of forest farmers in China include the choice of forest products type, the elements in forest production and management, the development of forest products processing sector at regional level, and the government's forest management system. It is suggested that government promote the production of non-wood forest products, guide the forestry sector restructuring, reform the logging management system and forestry public finance and taxation system, regulate forest land transfer and foster forest products processing enterprises to increase the farmers' income forest management.

Analysis of Farmers' Needs for Forestry Information and Technology in Yunnan's Hot Zone: Based on Empirical Survey in Menglian County

Lack of public forestry information and techniques has restricted the development of forestry management and the income increase of rural farmers in hot region of Yunnan province. Therefore it is necessary to provide forestry information and techniques to rural areas so as to compensate for the information gap between urban and rural areas. Based on the survey about farmer demand for information and technique in Menglian County,the paper analyzed the supply methods and demand characteristics of forestry information and techniques. The results showed that the farmers had very strong demands for forestry information and techniques with diversified trend. But the farmers got the information with backward method and single service supply approach,and it lacked effective expression mechanism for their demands.

Study on Farmers' Cognition and Willingness to Plant Trees during Collective Forest Right Reform Based on Data from Plain Areas of Henan Province

On the basis of the survey data from plain areas of Henan Province,farmers' cognition and willingness to plant trees in collective forest right reform are studied. According to statistical analysis and regression equation of binary logistic regress analysis,it is generally believed that different participants have various attitudes to the reform,with regard to if planting trees or more,reform variables have a distinct effect,as well as income variable and loaning or lending variable. At last,some advices are put forward,that is,the government should strengthen collective forest right reform,accelerate matching reform and increase policy and financial support to forestry farmers.

深化集体林权制度改革阶段内蒙古林农林业生产经营的动力机制

集体林权制度改革关系国家生态安全和亿万农民福祉。在当前深化集体林权制度改革阶段,通过分析林农林业生产经营的动力因素,得出林农生产经营的动力机制,提出提升林农生产经营动力的对策建议,以期进一步激发林农生产经营的活力,从而促进森林资源持续增长和林农收入持续增加。

参与竹林国家储备林项目对林农收入的影响研究

关于国家储备林项目的研究一直是乡村振兴研究的热点,但多关注项目本身如何更好实施,少有研究关注其对林农收入的影响,且基本是定性研究,少有定量研究。基于此,利用倾向得分匹配法(PSM),以平村实施的竹林国家储备林项目为例,实证研究了参与竹林国家储备林的林农与未参与的林农收入的差异。

Factor Analysis on Subsidy Preference of Private Forest Owners

Forest farmers are the basic micro-subjects in southern collectively owned forest, and their willingness towards forest management directly influences forestry development. Thus, to provide subsidies to forest farmers is an important means to encourage the farmers' enthusiasm to manage the forest and promote the healthy and sustainable development of private forest. In order to reduce the supply-demand contradictions and improve the implementation effects of the subsidies system, the design of the system should be based on the real needs of forest farmers. On this basis, a questionnaire survey was designed in this paper to study the preferences of forest farmers to different types of subsidies in the southern collectively owned forest and the influencing factors were analysed by the Logistic Model to search for the reasonable design of the system. It was concluded that the forest farmers with different backgrounds show different preference to the subsidies, which, to a certain extent, reflects the development bottlenecks of forestry, and lays a foundation for the design of subsidies system.

Forested Farmlands:Forest Management by Agroforestry Symbiosis in A Land Management Framework in South and South East Asia

Forests provide multiple benefits as a safety net to the poor and also help to increase the overall ecological balance.Of particular importance in this respect this research has been conducted in six typical villages in South and Southeast Asia,located in Northern Bangladesh,Southern Myanmar and Northwest Thailand.Data collection methods were used by means of observation,FGD,interviews,and a structured survey of farm households.Data were analyzed through qualitative methods

合作社嵌入对林农有机肥施用行为的影响

基于理性行为理论和嵌入性理论探讨合作社嵌入对林农有机肥施用行为的影响机制,运用IV-probit模型对浙闽赣3省330户林农经济林生产调查数据分析合作社嵌入对林农有机肥施用行为的影响程度。结果表明:合作社嵌入能够显著地促进林农有机肥施用行为,对小规模林农有机肥施用行为的影响更为显著;合作社嵌入程度对林农有机肥施用行为的影响存在明显差异,嵌入程度较高的林农有机肥施用的概率明显大于嵌入程度中等和较低的林农。因此,要加强合作社与林农的联系与合作提高林农组织化程度,完善合作社与林农利益的联结机制,增强合作社对林农的吸引力,立足林业生产实际,重点关注小规模林农的有机肥需求。

公益林生态补偿政策对林农生计策略与收入的影响

基于2018年陕西省公益林区农户微观调研数据,采用OLS回归模型、中介效应模型和PSM倾向性得分匹配等方法,探究公益林生态补偿政策、林农生计策略与收入影响的关系。结果表明:公益林生态补偿政策对农户总收入的影响具有促进作用,剔除生态补偿与仅选择贫困地区样本后,这一效应依旧显著;公益林生态补偿政策对林农生计策略产生正向显著影响,并通过提高农户生计非林化和生计多样化水平间接作用于农户总收入的增长;从具体的收入结构角度看,政策的参与虽减少了林业收入,但却能促进非林工资收入和非林经营收入的增长,保证农户在参与政策以后仍能实现家庭总收入和家庭人均收入的提高。因此,政府部门应通过完善公益林生态补偿政策及相关配套措施、加强农户生计转型对口帮扶、加快公益林产权市场化运作等方式,提高农户政策参与积极性与生计能力适应性,实现公益林可持续发展和林农增收双赢的良性循环。

生态补偿视角下的林农与政府演化博弈研究

森林生态建设应以政府为主导,林农为主要参与者,但因现有政策支撑体系不齐全、政策宣传力度不足、成果巩固难等导致了森林生态补偿效果不佳。以林农和政府行为为研究对象,构建演化博弈模型进行分析。结果表明:在生态补偿中,政府和林农的初始意愿、林农的额外支出及额外收入、政府的行政效率、政府对于生态建设的支出、政府对林农不参与森林生态保护行为的处罚力度等会影响系统演化结果。在此基础上,提出通过提高林农生态保护意识、改进生态补偿政策等来提高林农初始参与意愿,在保护森林的同时兼顾林农生计,对林农的生态保护行为合理实施奖惩等建议,以期为我国实现森林生态可持续发展提供参考。

森林生态银行推进对林农分化倾向的影响

构建森林生态银行推进背景下林农分化倾向影响因素指标体系,基于福建省顺昌县702户林农的调查数据,运用多项Logistic回归模型分析林农分化倾向选择行为的影响因素。结果表明:森林生态银行对吸引林农重新参与林业相关产业具有积极影响;森林生态银行通过影响林农生计资本改变林农分化倾向:人力资本高的林农会倾向于选择电商主导型,自然资本丰富的林农选择种植型的意愿较强,金融资本和社会资本带来的资源差异使林农向电商主导型转变,物质资本未体现出显著影响;林农分化也反作用于生计资本,进一步推进森林生态银行的实施。因此,建议设立退出机制、建立合作机制、提供保底收入制度加强林农培训和教育,引导林农积极参与森林生态银行,实现分化倾向转变和生计稳定。

林权抵押贷款信贷配给的产生机制、程度识别与路径优化

在乡村振兴战略视野下,对集体林区福建省林权抵押贷款展开实地调研,采用DEM和描述性统计相结合的方法,深入诠释农户林权抵押贷款信贷配给类型和产生机制,进而对信贷配给展开识别与衡量。结果表明:农户因对林权抵押政策认知偏差、禀赋效应、交易费用高昂而面临新的需求型信贷配给;因信息不对称,林地流转市场具有薄市场约束,无法达到银行对林权抵押品的预期价值及抵押物难以有效处置导致信贷风险较高使得农户面临供给型信贷配给;农户林权抵押贷款需求型信贷配给较为严峻。为了实现集体林区福建省现代林业产业振兴,亟须强化制度创新、提高农户金融素养水平、实现多部门数据整合与信用信息共建共享、最大限度释缓集体林区农户需求型信贷配给的路径,以林业金融现代化助推乡村振兴。

人格特质对竹农技术采纳行为的影响研究 --以土壤退化防治技术为例

【目的】为研究竹农人格特质,如个人意志和行为在竹林土壤退化防治技术采纳这一过程中所产生的作用。【方法】该文基于内外控人格特质理论,采用178份竹农的实地调研数据对竹林土壤退化防治技术采纳行为使用Probit模型进行实证分析,并用IVprobit模型进行稳健性检验。【结果】内外控人格特质与农户技术采纳行为显著相关,相较于外控者,内控者更加倾向于采纳土壤退化防治技术。【结论】据此,建议政府部门在推广先进农业技术时充分考虑农户的内外控人格特质,从而在对农户进行相关技术培训和宣传时能够精准施策。

北京市森林生态补偿政策对农户公益林保护行为的影响

基于计划行为理论分析北京市森林生态补偿政策对农户公益林保护行为之间的因果关系,重点探讨影响公益林保护农户行为的路径和因素。通过实证分析发现:北京市森林生态补偿政策对农户生态公益林保护行为的影响是间接的,其影响路径是森林生态补偿政策、农户行为态度、农户生态公益林保护意愿、农户生态公益林保护行为;北京市森林生态补偿政策因素通过其对农户生态公益林保护意愿及行为的影响是偏弱的,森林生态补偿政策中对农户行为所起的经济杠杆作用还有潜力可挖。

农户参与森林碳汇项目意愿的实证分析--基于福建省300个样本农户数据

以计划行为理论为基础,提出影响农户参与意愿的理论假设。然后,以福建省样本地区300个农户的样本数据为基础,使用二元Logistic模型进行实证分析。结果表明,通过互联网出售森林碳汇的意愿程度、自有生态公益林作为碳汇林的意愿程度、是否认可REDD作为碳减排产品对农户参与森林碳汇项目意愿有显著的正面影响,年龄、获取林业信息的困难程度对农户参与森林碳汇项目意愿有显著的负面影响。最后,针对实证结果提出了提高农户参与森林碳汇项目意愿的对策建议。

社会嵌入视域下农户林地流转行为研究与实证分析

农户林地流转行为是一个综合经济、文化、社会等多方面因素的决策过程,是经济动机与非经济动机的交互与融合,是一种经济-社会行为。基于社会嵌入视角,通过多元Logistic回归模型,对全国10省30个县、市1 544份样本农户的调查数据进行了实证分析。研究表明,农户林地流转行为既受农户自主因素影响,也深受社会认知、社会文化、社会网络、政治制度等社会嵌入因素影响,农户林地流转行为是典型的社会经济活动。研究显示,林业经营经验、林业政策认知、市场信息认知、从众模仿行为、网络关系强度、网络关系交流频率、政府服务意识等7项指标对农户林地流入和流出行为均有显著正向影响,基本符合预期。林业补贴发放对农户林地流入行为具有促进作用,林木采伐指标申请难易程度对农户林地流出行为具有促进作用,恋土惜地情节没有通过显著性检验,前两个指标的显著性结果也在一定程度上反映了林业生产经营中实际存在的困境与问题。建议进一步规范林权流转秩序、强化林业补贴政策、提高林业政策稳定性,以促进林地流转政策优化,实现农户、林地、技术、资金等要素的最优配置,促进林业现代化发展。

公益林补偿收益权质押贷款对异质性农户借贷行为影响研究

公益林补偿收益权质押贷款进一步拓宽了农户融资渠道,而农户对相关政策的响应程度不同,使借贷行为产生差异。文章基于浙江省12个县(市)的实地调研数据,运用多项Logit模型分析公益林补偿收益权质押贷款政策对农户借贷行为的影响及其异质性。研究发现:(1)公益林补偿收益权质押贷款政策对农户选择正规金融借贷具有显著正向影响,对选择民间借贷具有显著负向影响。其中,农户对政策的了解程度每提高1%,其选择其他正规金融借贷的概率提升10.36%。(2)贷款政策对异质性农户借贷行为具有不同程度的影响,对低收入农户选择正规借贷具有显著正向影响,对中高收入农户无显著影响;对50岁以下农户选择农村信用社借贷具有显著负向影响,对50~60岁农户选择农村信用社借贷具有显著正向影响,对60岁以上农户无显著影响。(3)农户所在村庄是否有正规金融机构对农户选择其他正规金融借贷具有显著负向影响,正规金融覆盖率每增加1%,农户选择其他正规金融机构借贷的概率降低9.41%,选择农村信用社借贷的概率提升6.93%。政策启示:(1)加大公益林补偿收益权质押贷款政策的宣传力度;(2)相关政策应根据农户家庭收入、公益林面积和地区差异进行调整,为差异化、个性化的金融服务提供政策保障;(3)有效提高山区农村正规金融覆盖度,更好地发挥贷款政策的效用,以满足山区农户合理的借贷需求。